我对到底发生了什么以及如何在 Ubuntu 18.04 上进行最近扩展的 zfs 配置有点迷茫。
我有一台使用 ZFS 运行多年的存储服务器，其中有 2 个池，每个池包含 10 多个驱动器。一切都很好，直到......我们决定通过添加一个包含 10 个磁盘的新 vdev 来扩展一个池。插上后一切正常。这就是我添加设备所做的（我现在知道我应该在磁盘上按 id 完成 :-( ）：
~$ sudo modprobe zfs
~$ dmesg|grep ZFS
[ 17.948569] ZFS: Loaded module v0.6.5.6-0ubuntu26, ZFS pool version 5000, ZFS filesystem version 5
~$ lsscsi
[0:0:0:0] disk HGST HUS724020ALS640 A1C4 /dev/sda
[0:0:1:0] disk HGST HUS724020ALS640 A1C4 /dev/sdb
[0:0:2:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdc
[0:0:3:0] enclosu LSI SAS2X28 0e12 -
[1:0:0:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdd
[1:0:1:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sde
[1:0:2:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdf
[1:0:3:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdg
[1:0:4:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdh
[1:0:5:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdi
[1:0:6:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdj
[1:0:7:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdk
[1:0:8:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdl
[1:0:9:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdm
[1:0:10:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdn
[1:0:11:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdo
[1:0:12:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdp
[1:0:13:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdq
[1:0:14:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdr
[1:0:15:0] disk HGST HUS726060AL5210 A519 /dev/sds
[1:0:16:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdt
[1:0:17:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdu
[1:0:18:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdv
[1:0:19:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdw
[1:0:20:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdx
[1:0:21:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdy
[1:0:22:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdz
[1:0:23:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdaa
[1:0:24:0] enclosu LSI CORP SAS2X36 0717 -
[1:0:25:0] disk HGST HUS726040AL5210 A7J0 /dev/sdab
[1:0:26:0] enclosu LSI CORP SAS2X36 0717 -
[1:0:27:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdac ===>from here below the new plugged disks
[1:0:28:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdad
[1:0:30:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdae
[1:0:31:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdaf
[1:0:32:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdag
[1:0:33:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdah
[1:0:34:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdai
[1:0:35:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdaj
[1:0:36:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdak
[1:0:37:0] disk HGST HUH721010AL4200 A384 /dev/sdal
接下来，我将驱动器作为新的 raidz2 vdev 添加到现有的存档池中。之后似乎运行顺利：
~$ sudo zpool add -f archive raidz2 sdac sdad sdae sdaf sdag sdah sdai sdaj sdak sdal
~$ sudo zpool status
pool: archive
state: ONLINE
scan: scrub repaired 0 in 17h18m with 0 errors on Sun Dec 8 17:42:17 2019
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
archive ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz2-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311c340 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311ecbc ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24d019248 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e30c ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243113ab0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311c188 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e7c8 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e3f0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e7bc ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e40c ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243118054 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243115cb8 ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz2-1 ONLINE 0 0 0
sdac ONLINE 0 0 0
sdad ONLINE 0 0 0
sdae ONLINE 0 0 0
sdaf ONLINE 0 0 0
sdag ONLINE 0 0 0
sdah ONLINE 0 0 0
sdai ONLINE 0 0 0
sdaj ONLINE 0 0 0
sdak ONLINE 0 0 0
sdal ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
pool: scratch
state: ONLINE
scan: scrub repaired 0 in 9h8m with 0 errors on Sun Dec 8 09:32:15 2019
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
scratch ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz2-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e2e8 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e858 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311ea5c ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311c344 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e7ec ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311bcb8 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e8a8 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca2440b4f98 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e8f0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca2440b4ff0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243113e30 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e9b4 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243137e80 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
但是，重新启动很可能会打乱磁盘驱动器的顺序（设备分配；不确定是否很难，但似乎很可能）。至少这是我在阅读了许多文档和问题后所能理解的。目前的状态如下。暂存池工作正常。存档池不是：
~$ sudo zpool status -v
pool: archive
state: UNAVAIL
status: One or more devices could not be used because the label is missing
or invalid. There are insufficient replicas for the pool to continue
functioning.
action: Destroy and re-create the pool from
a backup source.
see: http://zfsonlinux.org/msg/ZFS-8000-5E
scan: none requested
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
archive UNAVAIL 0 0 0 insufficient replicas
raidz2-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311c340 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311ecbc ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24d019248 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e30c ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243113ab0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311c188 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e7c8 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e3f0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e7bc ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e40c ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243118054 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243115cb8 ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz2-1 UNAVAIL 0 0 0 insufficient replicas
sdac FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdad FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdae FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdaf FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdag FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdah FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdai FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdaj FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdak FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
sdal FAULTED 0 0 0 corrupted data
pool: scratch
state: ONLINE
scan: scrub repaired 0 in 16h36m with 0 errors on Sun Feb 9 17:00:25 2020
config:
NAME STATE READ WRITE CKSUM
scratch ONLINE 0 0 0
raidz2-0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e2e8 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e858 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311ea5c ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311c344 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e7ec ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311bcb8 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e8a8 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca2440b4f98 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e8f0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca2440b4ff0 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243113e30 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca24311e9b4 ONLINE 0 0 0
scsi-35000cca243137e80 ONLINE 0 0 0
errors: No known data errors
我尝试了 zpool 导出存档（也使用 -f），但它抱怨缺少设备。
~$ sudo zpool export -f archive
cannot export 'archive': one or more devices is currently unavailable
显然导入也失败了......
还有什么可以尝试的？我简直不敢相信“简单”的磁盘重新排序会弄乱存档池中的所有数据。
编辑 3 月 23 日
问题确实是驱动顺序发生了变化。
如果我在池上运行 zdb，它会显示存储在标签中的所有信息，并且大型新磁盘被错误的 /dev/sdxx 设备引用。我通过列出驱动器的 guid 以及实际分配的 /dev/sdxx 设备及其 ID 来确定这一点。它给了我下面的映射：
但是如何解决这个问题。理论上，将更正的 zdb 数据重写到磁盘应该可以解决这个问题。