我正在开发一个我们正在自动化部署的旧平台。它需要多次迭代才能达到我们在生产中使用的程度。现在，我正处于设置和配置基本 MySQL 5.7 的步骤中。
环境
- Ubuntu 22.04
- AWS
在这个阶段，它是一个我们在本地运行的 Bash 脚本，它会配置远程服务器中的所有内容。稍后，我们将转换为 GitHub 操作，这种策略在过去对我们来说是有效的，所以让我们坚持最初的架构。
这是我在服务器上手动运行且运行良好的工作概念验证：
# Firewall configuration.
sudo ufw allow 3306/tcp;
sudo wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.12-1_all.deb;
echo "mysql-apt-config mysql-apt-config/select-server select mysql-5.7" | sudo debconf-set-selections;
echo "mysql-apt-config mysql-apt-config/select-product select Ok" | sudo debconf-set-selections;
# Install MySQL APT configuration package
sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.12-1_all.deb;
# Download and add the key directly using the key ID
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys B7B3B788A8D3785C;
# Add the MySQL repository
echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu bionic mysql-5.7" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list;
sudo apt-get update;
# Set root password non-interactively
export CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD='exEm!@123'; # This will be set in the environment variable that I'll show later.
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< "mysql-server mysql-server/root_password password '${CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}'";
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< "mysql-server mysql-server/root_password_again password '${CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}'";
# Install MySQL 5.7
sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y mysql-community-server=5.7* mysql-client=5.7*;
# Stop MySQL
sudo systemctl stop mysql;
# Created MySQL directory and set permissions
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld;
sudo chown mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld;
sudo chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld;
# Start MySQL in safe mode
sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
# Wait for MySQL to start
sleep 5;
# Execute MySQL commands
mysql --user=root << EOF
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '${CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EOF
# Stop MySQL in safe mode
sudo pkill mysqld;
sleep 5;
# Start MySQL normally
sudo systemctl start mysql;
# Check if the password worked:
mysql -u root -p'sistemA!@2131' -e "SELECT 1;";
# Check verion:
mysql -u root -p"${CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}" -e "SELECT VERSION();";
到目前为止，这是我在自动脚本中转换为本地运行的方式：
# Here is where the .env variables get loaded.
source "$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )/single-server-load-env.sh";
BACKEND_HOST_SERVER_SH_SCRIPT='
# Firewall configuration. \
sudo ufw allow 3306/tcp; \
# Update package lists \
sudo wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-apt-config_0.8.12-1_all.deb; \
# Set non-interactive mode. \
echo "mysql-apt-config mysql-apt-config/select-server select mysql-5.7" | sudo debconf-set-selections; \
echo "mysql-apt-config mysql-apt-config/select-product select Ok" | sudo debconf-set-selections; \
# Install MySQL APT configuration package. \
sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive dpkg -i mysql-apt-config_0.8.12-1_all.deb; \
# Download and add the key directly using the key ID. \
# Note: The key is deprecated and may not work somewhere in the future, so be sure to always check if it iss up to date. \
sudo apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys B7B3B788A8D3785C; \
# Add the MySQL repository. \
echo "deb http://repo.mysql.com/apt/ubuntu bionic mysql-5.7" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/mysql.list; \
# Update package lists. \
sudo apt-get update; \
# Set root password non-interactively. \
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< "mysql-server mysql-server/root_password password '"$CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"'"; \
sudo debconf-set-selections <<< "mysql-server mysql-server/root_password_again password '"$CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"'"; \
# Install MySQL 5.7. \
sudo DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y mysql-community-server=5.7* mysql-client=5.7*; \
# Stop MySQL \
sudo systemctl stop mysql; \
# Created MySQL directory and set permissions. \
sudo mkdir -p /var/run/mysqld; \
sudo chown mysql:mysql /var/run/mysqld; \
sudo chmod 777 /var/run/mysqld; \
# Start MySQL in safe mode and wait for MySQL to start. \
sudo mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
sleep 5; \
# This next block is probably where I am having syntax issues:
# Execute MySQL commands. \
mysql --user=root << EOF
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '${CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
EOF
# Did not work
# Also tried to escape some single quotes but did not work
# Execute MySQL commands. \
mysql --user=root -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"; \
mysql --user=root -e "UPDATE mysql.user SET authentication_plugin='mysql_native_password', Password=PASSWORD('${CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}') WHERE User='root';"; \
mysql --user=root -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"; \
# Did not work
# Execute MySQL commands. \
mysql --user=root -e "FLUSH PRIVILEGES; ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '${CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD}'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"; \
# Did not work
# Stop MySQL in safe mode. \
sudo pkill mysqld; \
sleep 5; \
# Start MySQL normally. \
sudo systemctl start mysql; \
# This block I am also having problems.
# Check if the password worked: \
mysql -u root -p'"$CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"' -e "SELECT 1;";
# This one too.
# Check verion: \
mysql -u root -p"'"$CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD"'" -e "SELECT VERSION();";
';
# Write the private key to a temporary file
echo -e "$CONFIG_SERVER_PUBLIC_KEY" > id_rsa_server_private_key_temp.pem;
chmod 600 id_rsa_server_private_key_temp.pem;
# Execute the script on the server
ssh -v -t -t -i id_rsa_server_private_key_temp.pem \
-o ConnectTimeout=300 \
-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no \
ubuntu@"$CONFIG_SERVER_BACKEND_IP" "$BACKEND_HOST_SERVER_SH_SCRIPT";
# Remove the temporary private key
rm id_rsa_server_private_key_temp.pem;
echo "Status check: Basic MySQL 5.7 installation completed.";
终端日志错误如下所示：
# More informatio, but mostly successful.
update-alternatives: using /etc/mysql/mysql.cnf to provide /etc/mysql/my.cnf (my.cnf) in auto mode
Created symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysql.service → /lib/systemd/system/mysql.service.Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.8) ...
NEEDRESTART-VER: 3.5
NEEDRESTART-KCUR: 6.5.0-1022-aws
NEEDRESTART-KEXP: 6.5.0-1022-aws
NEEDRESTART-KSTA: 1
2025-01-17T23:50:05.205820Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/var/log/mysql/error.log'.
2025-01-17T23:50:05.233249Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
ERROR 1524 (HY000): Plugin 'auth_socket' is not loaded
ERROR 1524 (HY000): Plugin 'auth_socket' is not loaded
2025-01-17T23:50:11.399290Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid ended
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1698 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
ERROR 1698 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost'
debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype exit-status reply 0
debug1: client_input_channel_req: channel 0 rtype [email protected] reply 0
debug1: channel 0: free: client-session, nchannels 1
Connection to 123.123.123.1 closed.
Transferred: sent 6380, received 26264 bytes, in 39.7 seconds
Bytes per second: sent 160.7, received 661.7
debug1: Exit status 1
Status check: Basic MySQL 5.7 installation completed.
重要提示：
- 环境变量
CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD应该能够保存复杂的密码，例如：exEm!@123 - 在 .env 文件中，环境变量定义为 CONFIG_SERVER_MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD='exEm!@123' （带单引号）
我已经完成了很多这样的自动化步骤。以下是工作步骤的示例：
# Here is where the .env variables get loaded.
source "$( cd "$( dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}" )" && pwd )/single-server-load-env.sh";
# Step: Create directory for the application (host server)
BACKEND_HOST_SERVER_SH_SCRIPT=' \
# Create application directory \
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/'"$APP_URL"'; \
sudo mkdir -p /var/www/'"$APP_URL"'/public; \
# Set ownership to root \
sudo chown root:root /var/www/'"$APP_URL"'; \
# Set directory permissions to 755 \
sudo chmod 755 /var/www/'"$APP_URL"'; \
# echo "Application directory created and permissions set.";
';
# Write the private key to a temporary file
echo -e "$CONFIG_SERVER_PUBLIC_KEY" > id_rsa_server_private_key_temp.pem;
chmod 600 id_rsa_server_private_key_temp.pem;
# Execute the SFTP configuration script on the server
ssh -v -t -t -i id_rsa_server_private_key_temp.pem \
-o ConnectTimeout=300 \
-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no \
ubuntu@"$CONFIG_SERVER_BACKEND_IP" "$BACKEND_HOST_SERVER_SH_SCRIPT";
# Remove the temporary private key
rm id_rsa_server_private_key_temp.pem;
echo "Status check: Application directory created and configured successfully!";
（仅展示一个简单的示例来了解合并 .env 变量的语法如何完美工作）
我可以尝试什么想法来修复语法？
