Mona Jalal's questions

我怎样才能解决这个问题？

我正在使用 Amazon EC2，它是另一个 EC2 实例的映像：

ubuntu@ip:~/LabelMeAnnotationTool-master$ sudo apt-get install apache2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  apache2-bin apache2-data
Suggested packages:
  apache2-doc apache2-suexec-pristine apache2-suexec-custom apache2-utils
The following packages will be upgraded:
  apache2 apache2-bin apache2-data
3 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 269 not upgraded.
Need to get 1,092 kB of archives.
After this operation, 18.4 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
Get:1 http://us-west-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main apache2 amd64 2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17 [87.4 kB]
Get:2 http://us-west-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main apache2-bin amd64 2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17 [845 kB]
Get:3 http://us-west-2.ec2.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty-updates/main apache2-data all 2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17 [160 kB]
Fetched 1,092 kB in 0s (22.3 MB/s)
(Reading database ... 96282 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../apache2_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking apache2 (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17) over (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
Preparing to unpack .../apache2-bin_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17_amd64.deb ...
Unpacking apache2-bin (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17) over (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
Preparing to unpack .../apache2-data_2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17_all.deb ...
Unpacking apache2-data (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17) over (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.8) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-16) ...
Processing triggers for ufw (0.34~rc-0ubuntu2) ...
Processing triggers for man-db (2.6.7.1-1ubuntu1) ...
Setting up apache2-bin (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17) ...
Setting up apache2-data (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17) ...
Setting up apache2 (2.4.7-1ubuntu4.17) ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/apache2/mods-available/mpm_prefork.load ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/apache2/mods-available/mpm_event.load ...
Installing new version of config file /etc/apache2/mods-available/mpm_worker.load ...
 * Restarting web server apache2                                                                                             [fail]
 * The apache2 configtest failed.
Output of config test was:
AH00526: Syntax error on line 61 of /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf:
SSLCertificateFile: file '/etc/apache2/ssl/d288922d35efb1b0.crt' does not exist or is empty
Action 'configtest' failed.
The Apache error log may have more information.
invoke-rc.d: initscript apache2, action "restart" failed.
ubuntu@ip:~/LabelMeAnnotationTool-master$ sudo ^C
ubuntu@ip:~/LabelMeAnnotationTool-master$ apache2ctl configtest
AH00526: Syntax error on line 61 of /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/000-default.conf:
SSLCertificateFile: file '/etc/apache2/ssl/d288922d35efb1b0.crt' does not exist or is empty
Action 'configtest' failed.
The Apache error log may have more information.

我正在尝试按照本教程第 2 页末尾的说明进行操作：http: //cs-people.bu.edu/sameki/blog1.pdf

1）如果他们打开了端口 80，你将如何检查是否有 ~10000 个 IP 的列表？

2）您将如何处理相同的场景但使用端口范围？

3）您如何检查 10000 个 IP 的列表以查看其中哪些端口是开放的？

当我运行时：

chcon -R -t http_sys_content_t /usr/local/nagios/sbin/

我收到以下错误：

chcon: failed to change context of ‘archivejson.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘avail.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘cmd.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘config.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘extinfo.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘histogram.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘history.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘notifications.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘objectjson.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘outages.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘showlog.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘status.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘statusjson.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘statusmap.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘statuswml.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘statuswrl.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘summary.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘tac.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘trends.cgi’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument
chcon: failed to change context of ‘/usr/local/nagios/sbin/’ to ‘unconfined_u:object_r:http_sys_content_t:s0’: Invalid argument

我该如何解决它以及导致此问题的原因？

我一直在关注本教程：

$ sudo systemctl start nagios
Failed to start nagios.service: Unit nagios.service failed to load: No such file or directory.

问题的原因是什么？

我有：

$ sudo /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

Nagios Core 4.0.8
Copyright (c) 2009-present Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 08-12-2014
License: GPL

Website: http://www.nagios.org
Reading configuration data...
   Read main config file okay...
   Read object config files okay...

Running pre-flight check on configuration data...

Checking objects...
    Checked 8 services.
    Checked 1 hosts.
    Checked 1 host groups.
    Checked 0 service groups.
    Checked 1 contacts.
    Checked 1 contact groups.
    Checked 24 commands.
    Checked 5 time periods.
    Checked 0 host escalations.
    Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking for circular paths...
    Checked 1 hosts
    Checked 0 service dependencies
    Checked 0 host dependencies
    Checked 5 timeperiods
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...

Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors:   0

Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check

因此，当我在主 VM 中输入此命令时，我只会收到此错误：

 sudo tc qdisc add dev eth0 root netem delay 97ms
RTNETLINK answers: File exists

知道如何解决吗？

我在 Ubuntu 中运行这个命令：

uname -a
Linux anmol-vm1-new 3.13.0-46-generic #79-Ubuntu SMP Tue Mar 10 20:06:50 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
ubuntu@anmol-vm1-new:~$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 14.04.2 LTS
Release:    14.04
Codename:   trusty

这是/etc/network/interfaces文件的内容：

auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
source /etc/network/interfaces.d/*.cfg


ls /etc/network/interfaces.d/
eth0.cfg

这就是我所拥有的/etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0.cfg

# The primary network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

另外我得到这些错误：

ubuntu@anmol-vm1-new:/home/hadoop/yarnpp/workloads/RESULTS$ tc qdisc change dev eth0 root netem delay 100ms
RTNETLINK answers: Operation not permitted
ubuntu@anmol-vm1-new:/home/hadoop/yarnpp/workloads/RESULTS$ sudo tc qdisc change dev eth0 root netem delay 100ms
RTNETLINK answers: Invalid argument

作为参考，您可能还想查看我要求限制带宽的这个StackOverflow 问题。

ifconfig -a
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr fa:16:3e:b4:22:7c  
          inet addr:10.0.1.190  Bcast:10.0.1.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::f816:3eff:feb4:227c/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1454  Metric:1
          RX packets:603022138 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:132788011 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:633486216278 (633.4 GB)  TX bytes:798520828666 (798.5 GB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:65536  Metric:1
          RX packets:367293839 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:367293839 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:547056723183 (547.0 GB)  TX bytes:547056723183 (547.0 GB)