网络上有大量示例如何为当前用户设置环境变量。是否可以在 Windows 中为不同的用户设置环境变量（没有登录权限？）
我正在将大型文本文件中的数据导入数据库，并且在文件的第 X 行出现错误。如果我用较少的查看器查看该行，我不会看到任何奇怪的东西，因为很可能该行包含不可打印的字符。然后我尝试 sed 该行并使用 hexdump 检查它：
sed -n 2540283p 30gb_large_file.fzp | hexdump -C
同样，什么也没有，很可能是因为 sed 过滤掉了所有不可打印的字符。
有什么评论我怎么能看到一个十六进制大文件的特定行发生了什么？
我正在尝试在以下机器上安装 gdal-devel：
# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.3 (Final)
# uname -a
Linux local 2.6.32-279.1.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Jul 10 13:47:21 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
并获取依赖于 gdal 开发的软件包列表：
# yum install gdal-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto, priorities
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* Webmin: download.webmin.com
* base: centos.bio.lmu.de
* epel: be.mirror.eurid.eu
* extras: artfiles.org
* rpmforge: apt.sw.be
* updates: artfiles.org
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gdal-devel.x86_64 0:1.7.3-15.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libgeotiff-devel for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libosrjni.so.1()(64bit) for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libogrjni.so.1()(64bit) for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgdaljni.so.1()(64bit) for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgdalconstjni.so.1()(64bit) for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gdal-java.x86_64 0:1.7.3-15.el6 will be installed
---> Package libgeotiff-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.5-5.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libtiff-devel for package: libgeotiff-devel-1.2.5-5.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libtiff-devel.x86_64 0:3.9.4-5.el6_2 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libtiff = 3.9.4-5.el6_2 for package: libtiff-devel-3.9.4-5.el6_2.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libtiff.i686 0:3.9.4-5.el6_2 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libz.so.1 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.9) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++.so.6 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.0) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libm.so.6 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libjpeg.so.62 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libgcc_s.so.1 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.4) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3.4) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.11) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1.3) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.0) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc.i686 0:2.12-1.80.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libfreebl3.so(NSSRAWHASH_3.12.3) for package: glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libfreebl3.so for package: glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.i686
---> Package libgcc.i686 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed
---> Package libjpeg.i686 0:6b-46.el6 will be installed
---> Package libstdc++.i686 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed
---> Package zlib.i686 0:1.2.3-27.el6 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nss-softokn-freebl.i686 0:3.12.9-11.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Protected multilib versions: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686 != libtiff-3.9.4-6.el6_3.x86_64
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
# yum install gdal-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto, priorities
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* Webmin: download.webmin.com
* base: centos.bio.lmu.de
* epel: be.mirror.eurid.eu
* extras: artfiles.org
* rpmforge: apt.sw.be
* updates: artfiles.org
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gdal-devel.x86_64 0:1.7.3-15.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libgeotiff-devel for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libosrjni.so.1()(64bit) for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libogrjni.so.1()(64bit) for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgdaljni.so.1()(64bit) for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libgdalconstjni.so.1()(64bit) for package: gdal-devel-1.7.3-15.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package gdal-java.x86_64 0:1.7.3-15.el6 will be installed
---> Package libgeotiff-devel.x86_64 0:1.2.5-5.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libtiff-devel for package: libgeotiff-devel-1.2.5-5.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libtiff-devel.x86_64 0:3.9.4-5.el6_2 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libtiff = 3.9.4-5.el6_2 for package: libtiff-devel-3.9.4-5.el6_2.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libtiff.i686 0:3.9.4-5.el6_2 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libz.so.1 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4.9) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++.so.6(GLIBCXX_3.4) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++.so.6(CXXABI_1.3) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++.so.6 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libm.so.6(GLIBC_2.0) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libm.so.6 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libjpeg.so.62 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libgcc_s.so.1 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.7) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.4) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3.4) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.3) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.2) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.11) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1.3) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.1) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.0) for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libc.so.6 for package: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686
--> Running transaction check
---> Package glibc.i686 0:2.12-1.80.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libfreebl3.so(NSSRAWHASH_3.12.3) for package: glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.i686
--> Processing Dependency: libfreebl3.so for package: glibc-2.12-1.80.el6.i686
---> Package libgcc.i686 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed
---> Package libjpeg.i686 0:6b-46.el6 will be installed
---> Package libstdc++.i686 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed
---> Package zlib.i686 0:1.2.3-27.el6 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nss-softokn-freebl.i686 0:3.12.9-11.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Error: Protected multilib versions: libtiff-3.9.4-5.el6_2.i686 != libtiff-3.9.4-6.el6_3.x86_64
You could try using --skip-broken to work around the problem
You could try running: rpm -Va --nofiles --nodigest
因此，存储库的体系结构（686 与 x86_64）似乎变得一团糟。我有什么想法可以克服这个烂摊子吗？
# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto, priorities
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* Webmin: download.webmin.com
* base: centos.bio.lmu.de
* epel: be.mirror.eurid.eu
* extras: artfiles.org
* rpmforge: apt.sw.be
* updates: artfiles.org
repo id repo name status
Webmin Webmin Distribution Neutral 144
base CentOS-6 - Base 6,330+16
epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - x86_64 8,590
extras CentOS-6 - Extras 12
pgdg91 PostgreSQL 9.1 6 - x86_64 277
pgdg92 PostgreSQL 9.2 6 - x86_64 185
rpmforge RHEL 6 - RPMforge.net - dag 4,594
software.freivald.com Freivald RPMS for CentOS 1
software.freivald.com-qt Freivald RPMS for CentOS - Qt Development Software 16
updates CentOS-6 - Updates 459
我正在开发一个 PostgresDB 插件。该插件在 Centos 6.3 的 Postgres 中运行。为了能够编译我的项目，我必须安装一些来自 epel 存储库的库和一些来自 rpmforge 的库。有趣的是，一些包在两个存储库中都是重复的，例如：
# yum whatprovides postgis
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, presto, priorities, refresh-packagekit
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* Webmin: download.webmin.com
* base: mirror2.hs-esslingen.de
* epel: mirror.awanti.com
* extras: mirror2.hs-esslingen.de
* rpmforge: mirror.nl.leaseweb.net
* updates: mirror.netcologne.de
postgis-1.5.3-1.el6.x86_64 : Geographic Information Systems Extensions to
: PostgreSQL
Repo : epel
Matched from:
postgis-1.3.6-1.el6.rf.x86_64 : Geographic Information Systems Extensions to
: PostgreSQL
Repo : rpmforge
Matched from:
现在我的项目编译了，但没有链接到缺失的引用：
/usr/pgsql-9.1/lib/postgis-1.5.so: undefined reference to `accumArrayResult'
/usr/pgsql-9.1/lib/postgis-1.5.so: undefined reference to `TupleDescGetAttInMetadata'
/usr/pgsql-9.1/lib/postgis-1.5.so: undefined reference to `repalloc'
/usr/pgsql-9.1/lib/postgis-1.5.so: undefined reference to `SPI_exec'
/usr/pgsql-9.1/lib/postgis-1.5.so: undefined reference to `init_MultiFuncCall'
这很可能意味着，有些软件包混淆了：有些是从一个存储库安装的，有些是从另一个存储库安装的。
问题：(i) 我如何告诉 yum 从一个存储库安装软件包，然后从另一个存储库重新安装（以查看链接错误是否会消失）；(ii) 如何查看系统上的哪些软件包是从一个存储库安装的，以及从另一个存储库安装的？