Philip Durbin's questions

我注意到https://github.com/apache/ant说“从 git://git.apache.org/ant.git 镜像”（带有链接），我也想这样做。

https://exyr.org/2011/git-mirrors/似乎是对一般技术（基本上是 cron 作业）的很好的描述，但我遇到了一些奇怪的错误，而且我没有看到“镜像自” https://github.com/pdurbin/openscholar（目的地）。我希望镜像的来源是https://github.com/openscholar/openscholar

这是我看到的（修剪过的）输出：

murphy:~ pdurbin$ cd /tmp
murphy:tmp pdurbin$ git clone --mirror https://github.com/openscholar/openscholar.git
Cloning into bare repository 'openscholar.git'...
remote: Counting objects: 167069, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (51806/51806), done.
remote: Total 167069 (delta 112936), reused 166304 (delta 112255)
Receiving objects: 100% (167069/167069), 82.77 MiB | 650 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (112936/112936), done.
murphy:tmp pdurbin$ cd openscholar.git
murphy:openscholar.git pdurbin$ git remote add github [email protected]:pdurbin/openscholar.git
murphy:openscholar.git pdurbin$ git fetch -q && git push -q --mirror github
remote: error: hook declined to update refs/pull/1001/head
remote: error: hook declined to update refs/pull/1001/merge
(snip)
remote: error: hook declined to update refs/pull/957/head
remote: error: hook declined to update refs/pull/957/merge
To [email protected]:pdurbin/openscholar.git
 * [new branch]      1017 -> 1017
(snip)
 * [new branch]      origin/SCHOLAR-3.x-make-1072 -> origin/SCHOLAR-3.x-make-1072
 * [new tag]         SCHOLAR-2-0-BETA1 -> SCHOLAR-2-0-BETA1
(snip)
 * [new tag]         SCHOLAR-3.1.6 -> SCHOLAR-3.1.6
 ! [remote rejected] refs/pull/1001/head -> refs/pull/1001/head (hook declined)
 ! [remote rejected] refs/pull/1001/merge -> refs/pull/1001/merge (hook declined)
(snip)
 ! [remote rejected] refs/pull/957/head -> refs/pull/957/head (hook declined)
 ! [remote rejected] refs/pull/957/merge -> refs/pull/957/merge (hook declined)
error: failed to push some refs to '[email protected]:pdurbin/openscholar.git'
murphy:openscholar.git pdurbin$ 

热交换出故障的 SATA /dev/sda 驱动器工作正常，但是当我去交换一个新驱动器时，它无法识别：

[root@fs-2 ~]# tail -18 /var/log/messages
May 5 16:54:35 fs-2 kernel: ata1: exception Emask 0x10 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x50000 action 0xe frozen
May 5 16:54:35 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SError: { PHYRdyChg CommWake }
May 5 16:54:40 fs-2 kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)
May 5 16:54:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: device not ready (errno=-16), forcing hardreset
May 5 16:54:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: soft resetting link
May 5 16:54:50 fs-2 kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)
May 5 16:54:55 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16)
May 5 16:54:55 fs-2 kernel: ata1: soft resetting link
May 5 16:55:00 fs-2 kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)
May 5 16:55:05 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16)
May 5 16:55:05 fs-2 kernel: ata1: soft resetting link
May 5 16:55:10 fs-2 kernel: ata1: link is slow to respond, please be patient (ready=0)
May 5 16:55:40 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16)
May 5 16:55:40 fs-2 kernel: ata1: limiting SATA link speed to 1.5 Gbps
May 5 16:55:40 fs-2 kernel: ata1: soft resetting link
May 5 16:55:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: SRST failed (errno=-16)
May 5 16:55:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: reset failed, giving up
May 5 16:55:45 fs-2 kernel: ata1: EH complete

我尝试了一些方法来使服务器找到新的 /dev/sda，例如rescan-scsi-bus.sh，但它们没有工作：

[root@fs-2 ~]# echo "---" > /sys/class/scsi_host/host0/scan
-bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument
[root@fs-2 ~]#
[root@fs-2 ~]# /root/rescan-scsi-bus.sh -l
[snip]
0 new device(s) found.
0 device(s) removed.
[root@fs-2 ~]#
[root@fs-2 ~]# ls /dev/sda
ls: /dev/sda: No such file or directory

我最终重新启动了服务器。/dev/sda 被识别，我修复了软件 RAID，现在一切都很好。但是下一次，我怎样才能让 Linux 在不重新启动的情况下识别我热插拔的新 SATA 驱动器？

有问题的操作系统是 RHEL5.3：

[root@fs-2 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.3 (Tikanga)

硬盘是 Seagate Barracuda ES.2 SATA 3.0-Gb/s 500-GB，型号 ST3500320NS。

这是 lscpi 输出：

[root@fs-2 ~]# lspci
00:00.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Memory Controller (rev a2)
00:01.0 ISA bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 LPC Bridge (rev a3)
00:01.1 SMBus: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SMBus (rev a3)
00:02.0 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP55 USB Controller (rev a1)
00:02.1 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP55 USB Controller (rev a2)
00:04.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 IDE (rev a1)
00:05.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3)
00:05.1 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3)
00:05.2 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3)
00:06.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI bridge (rev a2)
00:08.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Ethernet (rev a3)
00:09.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Ethernet (rev a3)
00:0a.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:0b.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:0c.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:0d.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:0e.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:0f.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration
00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map
00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller
00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control
00:19.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration
00:19.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map
00:19.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller
00:19.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control
03:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc. MGA G200e [Pilot] ServerEngines (SEP1) (rev 02)
04:00.0 PCI bridge: NEC Corporation uPD720400 PCI Express - PCI/PCI-X Bridge (rev 06)
04:00.1 PCI bridge: NEC Corporation uPD720400 PCI Express - PCI/PCI-X Bridge (rev 06)

更新：在十几个案例中，我们被迫重新启动服务器，因为热交换还没有“正常工作”。感谢您提供更多有关 SATA 控制器的答案。我已经包含了上面有问题的系统的 lspci 输出（主机名：fs-2）。在该系统的热交换方面，我仍然可以使用一些帮助来了解硬件方面究竟不支持什么。请让我知道除了 lspci 之外的其他输出可能有用。

好消息是热插拔今天在我们的一台服务器（主机名：www-1）上“刚刚工作”，这对我们来说非常罕见。这是 lspci 输出：

[root@www-1 ~]# lspci
00:00.0 RAM memory: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Memory Controller (rev a2)
00:01.0 ISA bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 LPC Bridge (rev a3)
00:01.1 SMBus: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SMBus (rev a3)
00:02.0 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP55 USB Controller (rev a1)
00:02.1 USB Controller: nVidia Corporation MCP55 USB Controller (rev a2)
00:04.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 IDE (rev a1)
00:05.0 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3)
00:05.1 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3)
00:05.2 IDE interface: nVidia Corporation MCP55 SATA Controller (rev a3)
00:06.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI bridge (rev a2)
00:08.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Ethernet (rev a3)
00:09.0 Bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 Ethernet (rev a3)
00:0b.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:0c.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:0f.0 PCI bridge: nVidia Corporation MCP55 PCI Express bridge (rev a3)
00:18.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] HyperTransport Configuration
00:18.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Address Map
00:18.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] DRAM Controller
00:18.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Miscellaneous Control
00:18.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Link Control
00:19.0 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] HyperTransport Configuration
00:19.1 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Address Map
00:19.2 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] DRAM Controller
00:19.3 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Miscellaneous Control
00:19.4 Host bridge: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] K10 [Opteron, Athlon64, Sempron] Link Control
03:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Matrox Graphics, Inc. MGA G200e [Pilot] ServerEngines (SEP1) (rev 02)
04:00.0 PCI bridge: NEC Corporation uPD720400 PCI Express - PCI/PCI-X Bridge (rev 06)
04:00.1 PCI bridge: NEC Corporation uPD720400 PCI Express - PCI/PCI-X Bridge (rev 06)
09:00.0 SCSI storage controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic SAS1064ET PCI-Express Fusion-MPT SAS (rev 04)

我如何知道哪些 MySQL 用户可以访问数据库以及他们拥有哪些权限？

当我单击“权限”时，我似乎能够从 phpMyAdmin 获取此信息。. .

                 Users having access to "mydatabase"
User     Host       Type               Privileges              Grant
myuser1  %          database-specific  ALL PRIVILEGES          Yes
root     localhost  global             ALL PRIVILEGES          Yes
myuser2  %          database-specific  SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE  No

. . . 但我想知道如何从命令行执行此查询。

（phpMyAdmin 经常向我显示它正在执行的命令的 SQL 语法，但在这种情况下我看不到它。）

请注意，我不是在问特定用户拥有什么授权（即“为 myuser1 显示授权”），而是在给定数据库名称的情况下，我如何确定哪些 MySQL 用户可以访问该数据库以及他们拥有哪些权限? 基本上，我怎样才能从命令行获取上面的图表？