Gwang-Jin Kim's questions

我有一个疑问，这是语言的本意吗，或者这是 Common Lisp 中的一种意外/不想要的行为/ BUG。

然而，我在 CLISP 和 SBCL 中都观察到了这一点：

我以为，

(make-pathname :directory (pathname-directory my-directory-path))

在所有操作系统中是/应该是互补的。

在 Linux 和 MacOS 中确实如此。

但在 Windows 中，您会丢失有关驱动器号的信息：

(pathname-directory #P"C:/Users/me/test/")
;;=> (:ABSOLUTE "Users" "me" "test")   ;;=> Drive letter "c:" is lost!

然而，如果您使用~，则可以保留它。

(pathname-directory #P"~/test/")
;;=> (:ABSOLUTE :HOME "test")
(make-pathname :directory (pathname-directory #P"~/test/"))
;;=> #P"~/test/"   ;; no information loss!

(make-pathname :directory (pathname-directory #P"c:/Users/me/test/"))
;;=> #P"/Users/me/test/" ;;=> information loss - and not only that
;; it became an invalid path now, since the drive letter is lost!

这实际上不是语言规范中的一个错误吗？（因为 Windows 不存在或诸如此类？）。

这是关于在 MacBook 中使用 Common Lisp 创建名称带有方括号的文件会产生问题的后续问题 。我该怎么办？

我自己回答了这个问题，因为 ChatGPT 给了我答案。

但是在尝试解压一个 Excel 文件（其中包含一个名称中带有方括号的“[Content_Type].xml”文件，这导致了问题）的过程中，我意识到该zip库及其unzip功能在解压这个方括号名称时也存在问题。

unzip 函数的源代码在这里https://github.com/mcna/zip/blob/master/zip.lisp 它如下：

(defun unzip (pathname target-directory &key (if-exists :error) verbose)
  ;; <Xof> "When reading[1] the value of any pathname component, conforming
  ;;       programs should be prepared for the value to be :unspecific."
  (when (set-difference (list (pathname-name target-directory)
                              (pathname-type target-directory))
                        '(nil :unspecific))
    (error "pathname not a directory, lacks trailing slash?"))
  (with-zipfile (zip pathname)
    (do-zipfile-entries (name entry zip)
      (let ((filename (merge-pathnames name target-directory)))
        (ensure-directories-exist filename)
        (unless (char= (elt name (1- (length name))) #\/)
          (ecase verbose
            ((nil))
            ((t) (write-string name) (terpri))
            (:dots (write-char #\.)))
          (force-output)
          (with-open-file
              (s filename :direction :output :if-exists if-exists
               :element-type '(unsigned-byte 8))
            (zipfile-entry-contents entry s)))))))

让我们拿一个 excel 文件。然后使用此函数解压它。我手动创建了一个 excel 文件。然后指定了它的路径：

(defparameter *xlsx* "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test.xlsx")
(ql:quickload :zip)
(zip:unzip *xlsx* "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/")

它与我在之前的帖子中遇到的问题完全相同。

bad place for a wild pathname
   [Condition of type SB-INT:SIMPLE-FILE-ERROR]

Restarts:
 0: [RETRY] Retry SLY mREPL evaluation request.
 1: [*ABORT] Return to SLY's top level.
 2: [ABORT] abort thread (#<THREAD tid=5123 "sly-channel-1-mrepl-remote-1" RUNNING {70051404E3}>)

Backtrace:
 0: (SB-KERNEL::%FILE-ERROR #P"/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/[Content_Types].xml" "bad place for a wild pathname")
      Locals:
        ARGUMENTS = NIL
        DATUM = "bad place for a wild pathname"
        PATHNAME = #P"/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/[Content_Types].xml"
 1: (ENSURE-DIRECTORIES-EXIST #P"/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/[Content_Types].xml" :VERBOSE NIL :MODE 511)
      Locals:
        #:.DEFAULTING-TEMP. = NIL
        #:.DEFAULTING-TEMP.#1 = 511
        SB-IMPL::CREATED-P = NIL
        PATHNAME = #P"/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/[Content_Types].xml"
        SB-IMPL::PATHSPEC = #P"/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/[Content_Types].xml"
 2: (ZIP:UNZIP "/Users/josephus/Downloads/test.xlsx" "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/" :IF-EXISTS :ERROR :VERBOSE NIL :FORCE-UTF-8 NIL)
      Locals:
        #:.DEFAULTING-TEMP. = NIL
        FILENAME = #P"/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/[Content_Types].xml"
        FORCE-UTF-8 = NIL
        IF-EXISTS = :ERROR
        PATHNAME = "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test.xlsx"
        TARGET-DIRECTORY = "/Users/josephus/Downloads/test_zip/"
        ZIP = #S(ZIP:ZIPFILE :STREAM #<SB-SYS:FD-STREAM for "file /Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test.xlsx" {700888DB43}> :ENTRIES #<HASH-TABLE :TEST EQUAL :COUNT 11 {70088A23A3}>)
 3: (SB-INT:SIMPLE-EVAL-IN-LEXENV (ZIP:UNZIP *XLSX* "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/") #<NULL-LEXENV>)
 4: (EVAL (ZIP:UNZIP *XLSX* "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/"))
 5: ((LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK-MREPL::MREPL-EVAL-1))

有人知道如何处理这个问题吗？

我询问了 chatGPT，它建议：

 (defun better-unzip (pathname target-directory &key (if-exists :error) verbose)
  "Unzip function that handles square brackets in filenames correctly."
  (zip:with-zipfile (zip pathname)
    (zip:do-zipfile-entries (name entry zip)
      (let ((filename (make-pathname :directory target-directory
                                     :name (pathname-name (parse-namestring name))
                                     :type (pathname-type (parse-namestring name)))))
        (ensure-directories-exist filename)
        (unless (char= (elt name (1- (length name))) #\/)
          (ecase verbose
            ((nil))
            ((t) (write-string name) (terpri))
            (:dots (write-char #\.)))
          (force-output)
          (with-open-file (s filename :direction :output :if-exists if-exists
                            :element-type '(unsigned-byte 8))
            (zip:zipfile-entry-contents entry s)))))))

然后我做了：

(better-unzip *xlsx* "/Users/<your-user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/")

但我又遇到了：

bad place for a wild pathname
   [Condition of type SB-INT:SIMPLE-FILE-ERROR]

Restarts:
 0: [RETRY] Retry SLY mREPL evaluation request.
 1: [*ABORT] Return to SLY's top level.
 2: [ABORT] abort thread (#<THREAD tid=5123 "sly-channel-1-mrepl-remote-1" RUNNING {70051404E3}>)

Backtrace:
 0: (SB-KERNEL::%FILE-ERROR #P"//Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip//[Content_Types].xml" "bad place for a wild pathname")
 1: (ENSURE-DIRECTORIES-EXIST #P"//Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip//[Content_Types].xml" :VERBOSE NIL :MODE 511)
 2: (BETTER-UNZIP "/Users/josephus/Downloads/test.xlsx" "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/" :IF-EXISTS :ERROR :VERBOSE NIL)
 3: (SB-INT:SIMPLE-EVAL-IN-LEXENV (BETTER-UNZIP *XLSX* "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/") #<NULL-LEXENV>)
 4: (EVAL (BETTER-UNZIP *XLSX* "/Users/<user-name>/Downloads/test_zip/"))
 5: ((LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK-MREPL::MREPL-EVAL-1))

我正在尝试将一些用于读取/写入 xlsx 文件的 Racket 包转换为 Common Lisp，但遇到了一个问题。Excel 文件只不过是一堆压缩的、具有严格规范的 xml 文件。其中有一个[Content_type].xml或[Content_Type].xml文件。尝试在 MacBook 中生成并写入名称中带有方括号的文件会产生错误：

(defparameter *zip-xlsx-temp-directory* "test-directory/")
(defparameter *content-type-file* (merge-pathnames "[Content_Types].xml" *zip-xlsx-temp-directory*))
(with-open-file (stream (ensure-directories-exist *content-type-file-1*)
                        :direction :output
                        :if-does-not-exist :create
                        :if-exists :supersede)
  (format stream ""))

bad place for a wild pathname
   [Condition of type SB-INT:SIMPLE-FILE-ERROR]

Restarts:
 0: [RETRY] Retry SLY interactive evaluation request.
 1: [*ABORT] Return to SLY's top level.
 2: [ABORT] abort thread (#<THREAD tid=11295 "slynk-worker" RUNNING {70073BBFC3}>)

Backtrace:
 0: (SB-KERNEL::%FILE-ERROR #P"test-directory/[Content_Types].xml" "bad place for a wild pathname")
      Locals:
        ARGUMENTS = NIL
        DATUM = "bad place for a wild pathname"
        PATHNAME = #P"test-directory/[Content_Types].xml"
 1: (ENSURE-DIRECTORIES-EXIST #P"test-directory/[Content_Types].xml" :VERBOSE T :MODE 511)
      Locals:
        #:.DEFAULTING-TEMP. = T
        #:.DEFAULTING-TEMP.#1 = 511
        SB-IMPL::CREATED-P = NIL
        PATHNAME = #P"/Users/<user-name>/.roswell/local-projects/cl-simple-xlsx/tests/test-directory/[Content_Types].xml"
        SB-IMPL::PATHSPEC = #P"test-directory/[Content_Types].xml"
 2: ((LAMBDA ()))
 3: (SB-INT:SIMPLE-EVAL-IN-LEXENV (WITH-OPEN-FILE (STREAM (ENSURE-DIRECTORIES-EXIST *CONTENT-TYPE-FILE-1* :VERBOSE T) :DIRECTION :OUTPUT :IF-DOES-NOT-EXIST :CREATE ...) (FORMAT STREAM "")) #<NULL-LEXENV>)
 4: (EVAL (WITH-OPEN-FILE (STREAM (ENSURE-DIRECTORIES-EXIST *CONTENT-TYPE-FILE-1* :VERBOSE T) :DIRECTION :OUTPUT :IF-DOES-NOT-EXIST :CREATE ...) (FORMAT STREAM "")))
 5: ((LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK:INTERACTIVE-EVAL))
 6: (SLYNK::CALL-WITH-RETRY-RESTART "Retry SLY interactive evaluation request." #<FUNCTION (LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK:INTERACTIVE-EVAL) {70073E8F3B}>)
 7: (SLYNK::CALL-WITH-BUFFER-SYNTAX NIL NIL #<FUNCTION (LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK:INTERACTIVE-EVAL) {70073E8F1B}>)
 8: (SB-INT:SIMPLE-EVAL-IN-LEXENV (SLYNK:INTERACTIVE-EVAL "(with-open-file (stream (ensure-directories-exist *content-type-file-1* :verbose t) ..)
 9: (EVAL (SLYNK:INTERACTIVE-EVAL "(with-open-file (stream (ensure-directories-exist *content-type-file-1* :verbose t) ..)
10: (SLYNK:EVAL-FOR-EMACS (SLYNK:INTERACTIVE-EVAL "(with-open-file (stream (ensure-directories-exist *content-type-file-1* :verbose t) ..)
11: ((LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK::SPAWN-WORKER-THREAD))
12: (SLYNK-SBCL::CALL-WITH-BREAK-HOOK #<FUNCTION SLYNK:SLYNK-DEBUGGER-HOOK> #<FUNCTION (LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK::SPAWN-WORKER-THREAD) {70073E8C6B}>)
13: ((FLET SLYNK-BACKEND:CALL-WITH-DEBUGGER-HOOK :IN "/Users/<user-name>/.roswell/lisp/sly/git/slynk/backend/sbcl.lisp") #<FUNCTION SLYNK:SLYNK-DEBUGGER-HOOK> #<FUNCTION (LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK::SPAWN-WORKER-T..
14: ((LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK::CALL-WITH-LISTENER))
15: (SLYNK::CALL-WITH-BINDINGS ((*PACKAGE* . #<PACKAGE "CL-SIMPLE-XLSX/TESTS/MAIN">) (*DEFAULT-PATHNAME-DEFAULTS* . #P"/Users/<user-name>/.roswell/local-projects/cl-simple-xlsx/tests/") (* . #1="+01:00") (**..
16: ((LAMBDA NIL :IN SLYNK::SPAWN-WORKER-THREAD))
17: ((FLET SB-UNIX::BODY :IN SB-THREAD::RUN))
18: ((FLET "WITHOUT-INTERRUPTS-BODY-" :IN SB-THREAD::RUN))
19: ((FLET SB-UNIX::BODY :IN SB-THREAD::RUN))
20: ((FLET "WITHOUT-INTERRUPTS-BODY-" :IN SB-THREAD::RUN))
21: (SB-THREAD::RUN)

这似乎是一个 Lisp 固有的问题。

使用我的 Python (在 ipython zshell 中) 并执行以下操作：

with open("[Content_Types].xml", "w") as f:
    f.write("<H1>Hi</H1>")

工作正常，没有错误。

我尝试了 (truename path ) 或转义名称“[Content_Types].xml”或“\[Content_Types\].xml”中的括号 - 如果转义第一个似乎是正确的。但这没有帮助。仍然收到错误的通配符错误。