carpediem's questions

我正在尝试使用 matplotlib 和 pyplot 绘制一个包含两个子图的图表来可视化模拟结果。两个图表都应该包含动画：一个使用 NetGraph 库（它是一个包含节点的图表，用于显示网络流量），另一个绘制另外两个变量的线图（为了简单起见，这里使用 sin(x) 和 cos(x)，它们都应该在每个时间段更新——就像图表一样）。我有一个更新函数可以更新图表，但我不确定如何同时更新线图。欢迎大家提出任何建议。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from netgraph import Graph

# Simulate a dynamic network with
total_frames = 21
total_nodes = 5
NODE_LABELS = {0: 'A', 1: 'B', 2: 'C', 3: 'D', 4: 'E'}
NODE_POS = {0: (0.0, 0.5), 1: (0.65, 0.25), 2: (0.7, 0.5), 3: (0.5, 0.75), 4: (0.25, 0.25)}
adjacency_matrix = np.random.rand(total_nodes, total_nodes) < 0.25
weight_matrix = np.random.randn(total_frames, total_nodes, total_nodes)

# Normalise the weights, such that they are on the interval [0, 1].
vmin, vmax = -2, 2
weight_matrix[weight_matrix<vmin] = vmin
weight_matrix[weight_matrix>vmax] = vmax
weight_matrix -= vmin
weight_matrix /= vmax - vmin

cmap = plt.cm.RdGy

def annotate_axes(fig):
    for i, ax in enumerate(fig.axes):
        ax.tick_params(labelbottom=False, labelleft=False)

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(11, 6))

ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((6, 11), (0, 0), rowspan=6, colspan=5)
ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((6, 11), (1, 6), rowspan=2, colspan=5)

annotate_axes(fig)
title1 = ax1.set_title('Simulation viz', x=0.25, y=1.25)
title2 = ax2.set_title('Flow @t', x=0.15, y=1.25)

g = Graph(adjacency_matrix, node_labels=NODE_LABELS,
            node_layout = NODE_POS, edge_cmap=cmap, arrows=True, ax=ax1)

def update(ii):
    artists = []
    for jj, kk in zip(*np.where(adjacency_matrix)):
        w = weight_matrix[ii, jj, kk]
        artist = g.edge_artists[(jj, kk)]
        artist.set_facecolor(cmap(w))
        artist.update_width(0.03 * np.abs(w-0.5))
        artists.append(artist)
    return artists

animation = FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=total_frames, interval=200, blit=True, repeat=False)
plt.show()

我正在尝试为从此处修改的模拟可视化添加帧编号。是否有任何简单的方法可以为此动画添加帧编号，以便它显示为情节标题的一部分？

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from netgraph import Graph

# Simulate a dynamic network with
total_frames = 10
total_nodes = 5
NODE_LABELS = {0: 'A', 1: 'B', 2: 'C', 3: 'D', 4: 'E'}
NODE_POS = {0: (0.0, 0.5), 1: (0.65, 0.25), 2: (0.7, 0.5), 3: (0.5, 0.75), 4: (0.25, 0.25)}
adjacency_matrix = np.random.rand(total_nodes, total_nodes) < 0.25
weight_matrix = np.random.randn(total_frames, total_nodes, total_nodes)

# Normalise the weights, such that they are on the interval [0, 1].
# They can then be passed directly to matplotlib colormaps (which expect floats on that interval).
vmin, vmax = -2, 2
weight_matrix[weight_matrix<vmin] = vmin
weight_matrix[weight_matrix>vmax] = vmax
weight_matrix -= vmin
weight_matrix /= vmax - vmin

cmap = plt.cm.RdGy

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
fig.suptitle('Simulation viz @ t=', x= 0.15, y=0.95)
g = Graph(adjacency_matrix, node_labels=NODE_LABELS,
            node_layout = NODE_POS, edge_cmap=cmap, arrows=True, ax=ax)

def update(ii):
    artists = []
    for jj, kk in zip(*np.where(adjacency_matrix)):
        w = weight_matrix[ii, jj, kk]
        artist = g.edge_artists[(jj, kk)]
        artist.set_facecolor(cmap(w))
        artist.update_width(0.03 * np.abs(w-0.5))
        artists.append(artist)
    return artists

animation = FuncAnimation(fig, update, frames=total_frames, interval=200, blit=True, repeat=False)
plt.show()

谢谢。我会很感激任何帮助/建议。

我正在尝试使用 plt.pause() 创建 pyplot 模拟，但即使是最简单的示例也无法运行。这是代码：

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

np.random.seed(19680801)
data = np.random.random((50, 50, 50))

fig, ax = plt.subplots()

for i, img in enumerate(data):
    ax.clear()
    ax.imshow(img)
    ax.set_title(f"frame {i}")
    plt.pause(0.1)

问题似乎与最后一行代码 (plt.pause(0.1)) 有关。如果没有此行，最终输出将显示模拟的最后一帧 - 第 49 帧（表示整个循环已完成）。如果我包含最后一行并运行模拟，则输出将在第一帧（第 0 帧）停止（并且模拟不会进入循环的下一步）。我也尝试过设置 plt.pause(0.0)，但这与将其设置为任何其他数字的效果完全相同。

我在 Mac 上，在 jupyter notebook 7.2.1 下使用 python 3.12。如果您有任何建议，我将不胜感激。谢谢。