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Pavel Chersky's questions

Martin Hope
Pavel Chersky
Asked: 2025-04-07 23:08:12 +0800 CST
  • 7

我正在学习 Go，现在开始研究数组和切片。我参考了《Effective Go》和《A Tour of Go》。我对切片容量的计算公式有些疑问。请参阅下面代码中的注释。

package main

import "fmt"

func main() {

    // let's say I need to implement 5x5 picture with 2D slice
    // and I have two ways to do that in acc. with
    // https://go.dev/doc/effective_go#two_dimensional_slices

    // that said:
    // 1. six slices - six underlying arrays
    picture := make([][]uint8, 5)
    for i := range picture {
        picture[i] = make([]uint8, 5)
    }

    // 2. six slices - two* underlying arrays
    // *I THOUGHT the efficiency is hiding in number of arrays
    picture = make([][]uint8, 5)
    pixels := make([]uint8, 25)
    for i := range picture {
        // every iteration pixels[5:] allocates new array...
        picture[i], pixels = pixels[:5], pixels[5:]
        // ...but in the new iteration it's deleted
        // leaving slice of initial pixels array in picture[i]...
    }
    // ...and here we have only two arrays...
    // ...         ^^^ B5t ^^^

    // there are six arrays anyway
    // but their capacity is 5 for picture and
    // 25, 20...5 respectively for its contents
    fmt.Print(cap(picture), " ")
    for i := range picture {
        fmt.Print(cap(picture[i]), " ")
    }
    fmt.Println()
    // if you don't understand let me explain my position
    // capacity is characteristic of underlying array rather than
    // of slice itself

    // in acc. with https://go.dev/tour/moretypes/11
    // "The capacity of a slice is the number of
    // elements in the underlying array..."

    // I believe that capacity of array is immutable one and
    // one array cannot have different cap's at the same time

    picture = make([][]uint8, 5)
    for i := range picture {
        picture[i] = make([]uint8, 5)
    }

    // here we have six arrays but capacity of each is 5
    // so the first solution works efficiently than second one
    //                  I believe
    fmt.Print(cap(picture), " ")
    for i := range picture {
        fmt.Print(cap(picture[i]), " ")
    }
    fmt.Println()

}

该代码的输出是：

5 25 20 15 10 5 
5 5 5 5 5 5

有人可以解释一下使用一种分配方法的效率隐藏在哪里吗？

arrays