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Accepted
Pedroski
Asked: 2024-02-24 21:31:00 +0800 CST

如何获取邮件正文的正文？

  • 772

我有这个代码，但我实际上没有收到电子邮件文本。

我必须解码电子邮件文本吗？

import sys
import imaplib
import getpass
import email
import email.header
from email.header import decode_header
import base64

def read(username, password, sender_of_interest):
    # Login to INBOX
    imap = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.mail.com", 993)
    imap.login(username, password)
    imap.select('INBOX')
    # Use search(), not status()
    # Print all unread messages from a certain sender of interest
    if sender_of_interest:
        status, response = imap.uid('search', None, 'UNSEEN', 'FROM {0}'.format(sender_of_interest))
    else:
        status, response = imap.uid('search', None, 'UNSEEN')
    if status == 'OK':
        unread_msg_nums = response[0].split()
    else:
        unread_msg_nums = []
    data_list = []
    for e_id in unread_msg_nums:
        data_dict = {}
        e_id = e_id.decode('utf-8')
        _, response = imap.uid('fetch', e_id, '(RFC822)')
        html = response[0][1].decode('utf-8')
        email_message = email.message_from_string(html)
        data_dict['mail_to'] = email_message['To']
        data_dict['mail_subject'] = email_message['Subject']
        data_dict['mail_from'] = email.utils.parseaddr(email_message['From'])
        #data_dict['body'] = email_message.get_payload()[0].get_payload()
        data_dict['body'] = email_message.get_payload()
        data_list.append(data_dict)
    print(data_list)
    # Mark them as seen
    #for e_id in unread_msg_nums:
        #imap.store(e_id, '+FLAGS', '\Seen')
    imap.logout()    
    return data_dict

所以我这样做：

print('Getting the email text bodiies ... ')
emailData = read(usermail, pw, sender_of_interest)
print('Got the data!')
for key in emailData.keys():
    print(key, emailData[key])

输出是：

mail_to [email protected]
mail_subject 获取 json 文件
mail_from ('Pedro Rodriguez', ' [email protected] ')
body [<email.message.Message object at 0x7f7d9f928df0>, <email.message.Message object at 0x7f7d9f928f70>]

如何实际获取电子邮件文本？

尝试了该建议，但似乎失败了，因为它是多部分的，并带有附加的文本文件：

def read(username, password, sender_of_interest):
    # Login to INBOX
    imap = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.qq.com", 993)
    imap.login(username, password)
    imap.select('INBOX')
    # Use search(), not status()
    # Print all unread messages from a certain sender of interest
    if sender_of_interest:
        status, response = imap.uid('search', None, 'UNSEEN', 'FROM {0}'.format(sender_of_interest))
    else:
        status, response = imap.uid('search', None, 'UNSEEN')
    if status == 'OK':
        unread_msg_nums = response[0].split()
    else:
        unread_msg_nums = []
    data_list = []
    for e_id in unread_msg_nums:
        data_dict = {}
        e_id = e_id.decode('utf-8')
        _, response = imap.uid('fetch', e_id, '(RFC822)')
        email_message = email.message_from_bytes(response[0][1], policy=default)
        #html = response[0][1].decode('utf-8')
        #email_message = email.message_from_string(html)
        data_dict['mail_to'] = email_message['To']
        data_dict['mail_subject'] = email_message['Subject']
        data_dict['mail_from'] = email.utils.parseaddr(email_message['From'])
        #data_dict['body'] = email_message.get_payload()[0].get_payload()
        #data_dict['body'] = email_message.get_payload()[0]
        data_dict['body'] = email_message.get_body('html', 'text').get_payload(decode=True)
        data_list.append(data_dict)
    print(data_list)
    # Mark them as seen
    #for e_id in unread_msg_nums:
        #imap.store(e_id, '+FLAGS', '\Seen')
    imap.logout()    
    return data_dict

得到这个错误：

emailData = read(usermail, pw, sender_of_interest) 回溯（最近一次调用）：文件“/usr/lib/python3.10/idlelib/run.py”，第 578 行，在 runco​​de exec(code, self.locals) 文件中“<pyshell#126>”，第 1 行，文件“<pyshell#125>”，第 29 行，读取 TypeError: MIMEPart.get_body() 采用 1 到 2 个位置参数，但给出了 3 个

我还导入了 BeautifulSoup 以从 html 中获取文本：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup 

# this seems to work
def read(username, password, sender_of_interest):
    # Login to INBOX
    imap = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL("imap.qq.com", 993)
    imap.login(username, password)
    imap.select('INBOX')
    # Use search(), not status()
    # Print all unread messages from a certain sender of interest
    if sender_of_interest:
        status, response = imap.uid('search', None, 'UNSEEN', 'FROM {0}'.format(sender_of_interest))
    else:
        status, response = imap.uid('search', None, 'UNSEEN')
    if status == 'OK':
        unread_msg_nums = response[0].split()
    else:
        unread_msg_nums = []
    data_list = []
    for e_id in unread_msg_nums:
        data_dict = {}
        e_id = e_id.decode('utf-8')
        _, response = imap.uid('fetch', e_id, '(RFC822)')
        email_message = email.message_from_bytes(response[0][1], policy=default)
        html = response[0][1].decode('utf-8')
        data_dict['mail_to'] = email_message['To']
        data_dict['mail_subject'] = email_message['Subject']
        data_dict['mail_from'] = email.utils.parseaddr(email_message['From'])
        body = email_message.get_body(('html', 'text')).get_payload(decode=True)
        soup = BeautifulSoup(body, 'html.parser')
        div_bs4 = soup.find('div')
        text = div_bs4.string
        data_dict['body'] = text
        data_list.append(data_dict)
    print(data_list)
    # Mark them as seen
    #for e_id in unread_msg_nums:
        #imap.store(e_id, '+FLAGS', '\Seen')
    imap.logout()    
    return data_dict

body 的输出现在是：

'body': '你能得到附件吗？

现在我需要做的就是获取附件！

python

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    根据“文本”的确切含义，您可能需要该get_body方法。但在达到这一点之前，您已经彻底修改了电子邮件。您从服务器收到的不是“HTML”，将其转换为字符串然后调用message_from_string它是迂回且容易出错的。你得到的是字节；直接使用该message_from_bytes方法。（这避免了当字节不是 UTF-8 时出现的各种问题；该message_from_string方法只有在 Python 2 中才真正有意义，因为 Python 2 没有显式的bytes。）

    from email.policy import default
...

        _, response = imap.uid(
            'fetch', e_id, '(RFC822)')
        email_message = email.message_from_bytes(
            response[0][1], policy=default)
        body = email_message.get_body(
            ('html', 'text')).get_content()

    使用 apolicy选择（不再是非常）新的EmailMessage；您需要 Python 3.3+ 才能使用此功能。较旧的遗留email.Message类没有此方法，但出于许多其他原因也应在新代码中避免使用此方法。

    对于具有非平凡嵌套结构的多部分消息，这可能会失败；不带参数的方法get_body可以返回multipart/alternative消息部分，然后您必须从那里获取它。您还没有指定您的消息应该是什么样子，所以我不会进一步深入研究。

    更根本的是，您可能需要更细致地了解现代电子邮件的结构。请参阅多部分电子邮件中的“部分”是什么？

    • 1

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