我刚刚使用可启动的 USB 棒将桌面上的 Windows 替换为 Ubuntu。然后，当我浏览 Ubuntu 安装程序时，一个部分要求我连接到互联网以“通过兼容性检查和额外的软件包改进我的安装”。我无法连接到网络，所以我选择在没有 Wi-Fi 的情况下完成安装。
现在，我的问题是，在未连接互联网的情况下安装 Ubuntu 时，我错过了哪些“额外软件包”和兼容性检查？如何在 Ubuntu 安装程序之外安装这些项目？
我正在尝试安装 Ubuntu 24.04。由于我有一个 Windows 分区，因此我选择了手动分区。我必须选择一个驱动器来安装引导加载程序。列出了两个驱动器：我的硬盘驱动器和我的 USB 驱动器。显然，我想在硬盘驱动器上安装引导加载程序，但它是灰色的，我只能选择 USB（见图）。
在我的硬盘上，有一个 104Mo 的分区，我表示我想将其用作 /boot，格式为 VFAT。我想它可能太小了，但即使我放了一个更大的 /boot VFAT 分区，硬盘仍然变灰了……（我还将使用 sda6 作为我的根分区，但当我设置它时，它不会改变任何东西）
我安装了几次 ubuntu，这是我第一次遇到这个问题...我不知道问题可能是什么。
你能告诉我怎样修复它吗？
编辑：根据@user68186 的建议，在安装之前使用 gparted 删除实时 USB 上的根分区和交换分区使得可以选择我的硬盘作为引导加载程序。
编辑添加部分屏幕截图：
这是日志文件。
Sep 16 12:23:33 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/load_cloud_config/extract_autoinstall:
Sep 16 12:23:35 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/load_cloud_config/extract_autoinstall:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Early/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Early/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Reporting/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Reporting/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Error/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Error/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Userdata/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Userdata/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Package/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Package/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Debconf/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Debconf/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Kernel/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Kernel/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Zdev/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Zdev/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Ad/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Ad/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Late/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:23:36 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Late/apply_autoinstall_config:
Sep 16 12:27:22 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Ad/has_support_GET:
Sep 16 12:28:51 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: subiquity/Ad/has_support_GET:
Sep 16 12:32:56 ubuntu subiquity_event.3502[3502]: configuring apt
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: start: cmd-apt-config: curtin command apt-config
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Handling apt to target /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount with config {'debconf_selections': {'subiquity': ''}, 'disable_components': [], 'disable_suites': ['security'], 'preserve_sources_list': False, 'primary': [{'arches': ['default'], 'uri': 'http://ng.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/'}], 'security': [{'arches': ['amd64', 'i386'], 'uri': 'http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/'}, {'arches': ['s390x', 'arm64', 'armhf', 'powerpc', 'ppc64el', 'riscv64'], 'uri': 'http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports'}]}
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['mount', '--bind', '/dev', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/dev'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=False)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['mount', '--bind', '/proc', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=False)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['mount', '--bind', '/run', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/run'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=False)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['mount', '--bind', '/sys', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/sys'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=False)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['mount', '--bind', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/usr/bin/true', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/usr/bin/ischroot'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=False)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['unshare', '--help'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=True)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Checking if target_proc (/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc) is a mount
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: It is, so unshare will use --mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['unshare', '--fork', '--pid', '--mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc', '--', 'chroot', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount', 'lsb_release', '--all'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=True)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Checking if target_proc (/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc) is a mount
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: It is, so unshare will use --mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['unshare', '--fork', '--pid', '--mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc', '--', 'chroot', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount', 'dpkg', '--print-architecture'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=True)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: got primary mirror: http://ng.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: got security mirror: http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Apt Mirror info: {'PRIMARY': 'http://ng.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/', 'SECURITY': 'http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/', 'MIRROR': 'http://ng.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/'}
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Applying debconf selections
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Checking if target_proc (/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc) is a mount
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: It is, so unshare will use --mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['unshare', '--fork', '--pid', '--mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc', '--', 'chroot', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount', 'debconf-set-selections'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=True)
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Checking if target_proc (/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc) is a mount
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: It is, so unshare will use --mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc
Sep 16 12:32:58 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['unshare', '--fork', '--pid', '--mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc', '--', 'chroot', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount', 'dpkg-query', '--list'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=True)
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: No custom template provided, fall back to modifymirrors in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ubuntu.sources on the target system
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Checking if target_proc (/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc) is a mount
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: It is, so unshare will use --mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['unshare', '--fork', '--pid', '--mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc', '--', 'chroot', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount', 'dpkg', '--print-architecture'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=True)
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Checking if target_proc (/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc) is a mount
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: It is, so unshare will use --mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['unshare', '--fork', '--pid', '--mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc', '--', 'chroot', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount', 'dpkg-query', '--show', '--showformat', '${Version}', 'cloud-init'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=True)
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Set preserve_sources_list to True in /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/curtin-preserve-sources.cfg with: {'apt': {'preserve_sources_list': True}}
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Checking if target_proc (/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc) is a mount
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: It is, so unshare will use --mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Running command ['unshare', '--fork', '--pid', '--mount-proc=/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/proc', '--', 'chroot', '/tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount', 'dpkg', '--print-architecture'] with allowed return codes [0] (capture=True)
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_InRelease to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_InRelease
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_binary-amd64_Packages to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_binary-amd64_Packages
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_cnf_Commands-amd64 to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_cnf_Commands-amd64
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_i18n_Translation-en to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_main_i18n_Translation-en
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_binary-amd64_Packages to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_binary-amd64_Packages
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_cnf_Commands-amd64 to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_cnf_Commands-amd64
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_i18n_Translation-en to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-updates_restricted_i18n_Translation-en
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_InRelease to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_InRelease
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_binary-amd64_Packages to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_binary-amd64_Packages
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_cnf_Commands-amd64 to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_cnf_Commands-amd64
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_i18n_Translation-en to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_main_i18n_Translation-en
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_restricted_binary-amd64_Packages to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_restricted_binary-amd64_Packages
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_restricted_cnf_Commands-amd64 to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_restricted_cnf_Commands-amd64
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_restricted_i18n_Translation-en to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble_restricted_i18n_Translation-en
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_InRelease to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_InRelease
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_cnf_Commands-amd64 to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_cnf_Commands-amd64
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_main_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_cnf_Commands-amd64 to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_cnf_Commands-amd64
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_dep11_Components-amd64.yml.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_dep11_icons-48x48.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_dep11_icons-64x64%402.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_multiverse_dep11_icons-64x64.tar.gz
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_restricted_cnf_Commands-amd64 to /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/ng.archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_restricted_cnf_Commands-amd64
Sep 16 12:32:59 ubuntu subiquity_log.3502[5222]: Renaming apt list /tmp/tmp82cvjhg0/mount/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_noble-backports_restricted_dep11_Components-am
假设我安装了 Ubuntu，并决定直接从操作系统安装向导下载所有扩展的附加软件、驱动程序和编解码器。操作系统全新安装中的任何附加软件是否使用 Multiverse？现在我知道如何在安装 Ubuntu 后禁用从 Multiverse 下载，并且我知道执行最基本的安装设置不会从 Multiverse 中获取任何内容。
但我想知道，根据您选择的设置，任何全新安装的 Ubuntu 是否会从多元宇宙中获取任何东西。
编辑：我想避免使用多元宇宙存储库的原因是那里的软件可能存在合法性问题。这似乎是一种相当严厉的方式，但理由是：如果我禁用该存储库，那么常规系统安装、更新等就不会无意中植入潜在的非法内容。
这看起来很奇怪，但意识到 Linux Mint 默认安装 libdvdcss2 确实让我感到不舒服。
一些 Ubuntu 镜像服务器仍然使用http而不是https。此外，可以将经过操纵的具有匹配 sha256 和的 iso 映像版本强加到下载服务器上。为了确保 iso 映像的防篡改和防传输，服务器提供两个文件：SHA256SUMS和SHA256SUMS.gpg。
SHA256SUMS包含所提供的 iso 文件变体的文件名及其相应的 sha256 总和。
教程建议像这样篡改检查这两个文件：
gpg --keyid-format long --verify SHA256SUMS.gpg SHA256SUMS此命令
SHA256SUMS通过分离的签名进行验证，SHA256SUMS.gpg并返回指纹和用于计算签名的密钥的伪造发行者。在我看来，它仍然表明它只是一个所谓的来源，没有任何迹象表明该签名确实属于所谓的所有者。gpg --keyid-format long --keyserver hkp://keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys <key ID from previous step, the one without blanks, the whole thing prepended with 0x>
我想知道为什么在如何验证您的 Ubuntu 下载中建议的命令 2.可以安全地抵御中间人攻击
我有一台 Dell Precision M4800，它运行 22.04 时使用 2.5 英寸 SATA SSD 运行良好，但我为它购买了一个 mSATA 驱动器并安装了它，我发现安装程序（我试图安装 24.04，尚未尝试过将此组合与其他任何组合）根本不提供 mSATA 驱动器进行安装。它不会显示在分区工具中，如果我打开 shell，sudo fdisk -l | grep /dev/sd它不会报告驱动器的存在。
然而，BIOS 确实看到了该设备，并像这样报告它。
我是否能够安装到此设备，或者这种设备不支持？如果可以，有什么建议可以更改/修改吗？
我有一台 2015 年末的 iMac，我认为它有 1.7ghz 处理器、8gb ram、1tb 内存。它运行非常慢，似乎是硬盘问题。打算购买一个外部 ssd 用作新硬盘。Ubuntu 说系统要求 2ghz。有没有我可以在这台旧 Mac 上使用的 ubuntu 系统？使用的主要程序是 Libre Office、Reaper 和 viva designer。考虑买一台迷你 Mac，但仅仅转换到 Linux 就太贵了。而且，对计算机不是很了解。
我有一台相当高端的 mechrevo/mechrev0 笔记本电脑（Core i9、64GB RAM、不错的 GPU），显示器损坏了（面板确实从外壳中掉了出来）。我曾多次尝试修理显示屏，但它总是掉下来，可能是由于做工不佳、设计不佳或只是存在缺陷。我不知道哪个，而且由于与这个问题无关的一系列原因，我现在无法修复它。显示器在当前状态下基本上无法操作。
除此之外，这台笔记本电脑似乎运行正常，安装了 Windows 11 并运行良好。我可以通过内置和/或 USB 键盘/鼠标以及连接的 HDMI 辅助显示器访问笔记本电脑。
我想在笔记本电脑上安装 Ubuntu 桌面或服务器，但安装程序（在 USB 记忆棒上）不会自动检测 HDMI 显示器，或者默认情况下不显示。我已经尝试过使用不同的外部 HDMI 显示器进行此操作，但无济于事。我不知道BIOS的具体设置，但我相信它可能设置为首先从USB驱动器启动。当我在插入 USB 安装程序的情况下重新启动时重复按 F2 时，Windows 不会出现（当然，笔记本电脑显示屏保持黑暗），因此我认为它处于我看不到的提示中。
有没有办法让我在这台机器上进行安装，最好是不会破坏现有的 Windows 11 分区？我已经在这台机器上安装了 wsl，但是我需要使用虚拟化来执行某些在 wsl 下不切实际的操作，因此问题实际上是如何将 Ubuntu 直接安装在启动驱动器上。
我希望有某种神奇的组合键可以自动切换显示或其他类似的技巧，但任何能让我达到目的的答案都会令人惊奇。
笔记本电脑有 USB a 和 c 端口、HDMI 和以太网，但没有其他端口。我擅长使用命令行，甚至 gcc，但我不会手动编写自己的设备驱动程序，甚至不会构建自己的内核。有时我可以使用螺丝刀而不会伤到任何人。
打开箱子后，我发现我自己不太可能进行任何修改。因此，我正在寻找一种纯软件解决方案（如果存在）。
该计算机是 2010 年中期的 MacbookPro，配备 16GM RAM 和 250GB SSD。我通过使用 BalenaEtcher.app 写入的 USB 棒安装了 24.04。
第一种方法
我指示安装程序安装一个最小桌面，不包括第三方驱动程序，并使用整个磁盘进行 Ubuntu 安装。安装后，未检测到 WIFI 适配器，因此我按照在 YouTube 上找到的有关 22.04 版本的说明进行操作；即：https://youtu.be/Fpqh6DNj4wA ?si=eIjef1qd3dhNxHBc&t=625
sudo apt-get purge bcmwl-kernel-source
sudo apt-get install firmware-b43-installer
我必须从 Ubuntu 菜单执行“软”重启，因为这是 Wifi 适配器开始工作所需的步骤。
但是，我关闭电脑后又重新打开，之后只能进入 Grub 菜单。如果我选择 Ubuntu 默认选项“试用或安装 Ubuntu”(??)，下一个屏幕将一片漆黑，左上角有一个白色下划线光标，不闪烁。
我可以编辑 grub 条目，添加“nomodeset”，如本网站另一个答案中所述- 但这没有任何效果。
第二次尝试
我再次尝试使用不同的方法进行安装。这次，我安装了 MacOS Mountain Lion，使用 Ubuntu 24.04 USB 棒重新启动并安装，指示“与 MacOS 一起安装”。我还要求它安装第三方驱动程序。令我惊讶的是，它将所有文件都直接安装到了同一个文件系统中！此外，Wifi 开箱即用。
无论如何，关闭和打开电源时，行为都是一样的。黑屏，除了左上角的白色下划线光标外，没有任何活动迹象。
然而，我发现了一个新的症状。在这个带有白色下划线的黑屏上，按住 Macbook 的电源按钮几秒钟会导致屏幕变成紫色并显示 Ubuntu“正在加载...”屏幕。
