关于【server】的问题- 第1页

Henning

Asked: 2024-10-25 22:07:49 +0800 CST

nano 版本 8 具有 Ctrl-c、Ctrl-v 的“标准”键绑定，

6

是否计划在 Ubuntu 24.04 存储库中提供 nano 版本 8？

nano 7.2 版是 Ubuntu 24.04 的一部分。nano
8.0 及以上版本支持现代键绑定：

^Q 退出，^X 剪切，^C 复制，^V 粘贴，^Z 撤消，^Y 重做，^O 打开文件，^W 写入文件，^R 替换，^G 再次查找，^D 再次向后查找，^A 设置标记，^T 跳至某一行，^P 显示位置，^E 执行。

我想使用该键绑定，因为它对我来说更熟悉。

Valshardreg

Asked: 2024-10-19 05:32:16 +0800 CST

Ubuntu 服务器和虚拟机

5

我对 Ubuntu 服务器有疑问。

当我在机架服务器上安装 Ubuntu Server 时，如果我想运行许多虚拟机，那么我必须在机架服务器上安装 Multipass？

安装后，我可以在虚拟机中安装普通的 Ubuntu，然后也可以在虚拟机中安装各种版本的 Windows？

我说的这些对吗？

谢谢 Valshar

dust_bg

Asked: 2024-10-14 01:23:25 +0800 CST

SSH 客户端不向 SSH 服务器提供公钥

18

我无法通过 SSH 从一台主机连接到我的 Ubuntu 22.04 服务器。我可以从其他主机毫无问题地连接到该服务器。但是，当我尝试从该主机连接时：ssh -p 5435 -i ~/.ssh/id_ed25519 user@my_server.com -vvv 我得到：

OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.10, OpenSSL 3.0.2 15 Mar 2022
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: include /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/*.conf matched no files
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: Applying options for *
debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts' -> '/home/user/.ssh/known_hosts'
debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts2' -> '/home/user/.ssh/known_hosts2'
debug2: resolving "my_server.com" port 5435
debug3: resolve_host: lookup my_server.com: 5435
debug3: ssh_connect_direct: entering
debug1: Connecting to my_server.com [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx] port 5435.
debug3: set_sock_tos: set socket 3 IP_TOS 0x10
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519 type 3
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.10
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.10
debug1: compat_banner: match: OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.10 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to my_server.com:5435 as 'user'
debug3: put_host_port: [my_server.com]:5435
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ED25519 in file /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys_file: loaded 1 keys from [my_server.com]:5435
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: have matching best-preference key type [email protected], using HostkeyAlgorithms verbatim
debug3: send packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug3: receive packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,ext-info-c,[email protected]
debug2: host key algorithms: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ssh-ed25519,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected],rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,[email protected]
debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ssh-rsa,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected]
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected]
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug3: kex_choose_conf: will use strict KEX ordering
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ssh-ed25519
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug3: send packet: type 30
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug3: receive packet: type 31
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY received
debug1: Server host key: ssh-ed25519 SHA256:ChCUrM9ZYCR057q60M84kB6pAQa9bQ8ZEHVuw8g7/p0
debug3: put_host_port: [xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx]:5435
debug3: put_host_port: [my_server.com]:5435
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ED25519 in file /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys_file: loaded 1 keys from [my_server.com]:5435
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: Host '[my-server.com]:5435' is known and matches the ED25519 host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/user/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: send packet: type 21
debug1: ssh_packet_send2_wrapped: resetting send seqnr 3
debug2: ssh_set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug3: receive packet: type 21
debug1: ssh_packet_read_poll2: resetting read seqnr 3
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: ssh_set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519 ED25519 SHA256:95gTIyyYHXV+UgGYTJiGgC5ulxp3jQoeHmhohQRbIPI
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_xmss
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/user/.ssh/id_dsa
debug2: pubkey_prepare: done
debug3: send packet: type 5
debug3: receive packet: type 7
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,[email protected],ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected]>
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: [email protected]=<0>
debug3: receive packet: type 6
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey
debug3: preferred gssapi-with-mic,keyboard-interactive,password
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
[email protected]: Permission denied (publickey).

客户端似乎没有向服务器提供任何公钥。Offering public key:...之后应该有Authentications that can continue: publickey

该~/.ssh文件夹似乎具有正确的权限：

user@client:~$ ll .ssh
total 24
drwx------ 2 user user 4096 Oct 13 18:54 ./
drwxr-xr-x 8 user user 4096 Oct 12 12:13 ../
-rw------- 1 user user   96 Sep 14 16:50 authorized_keys
-rw------- 1 user user  411 Oct 12 11:42 id_ed25519
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user   96 Oct 12 11:42 id_ed25519.pub
-rw-r--r-- 1 user user  142 Oct 12 11:45 known_hosts

另外，我在密钥中启用了 ed25519：

$ ssh -Q key

ssh-ed25519
[email protected]
...

我的公钥在服务器的authorised_keys文件中，我仔细检查了本地文件id_ed25519.pub。它们是相同的。在服务器的日志中，我有：

$ tail -f /var/log/auth.log

Oct 13 19:19:53 my_server sshd[3131]: Connection closed by authenticating user user xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx port 39810 [preauth]

可能是什么问题？我重新安装了 ssh，但没用。我还生成并上传了一个新密钥 - 同样的错误。同样，我可以从至少 2 个其他主机使用同一用户连接到该服务器。

Naruto Uzumaki

Asked: 2024-09-30 05:23:04 +0800 CST

在 Oracle Cloud VM Ubuntu Server 上更改默认端口 22 后无法登录

5

我最近使用 Ubuntu 在 Oracle Cloud 上设置了一个虚拟服务器。我想通过将默认 SSH 登录端口从 22 更改为 777（或任何随机端口）来增强安全性。因此，我进入/etc/ssh/sshd_config并更改了Port 22设置。现在，无论我尝试使用新端口还是旧端口，我都无法通过 SSH 重新登录。

所以不能使用任何命令...只能使用仪表板...这本身就是一场斗争。

我使用 PuTTY 进行 SSH 访问，并已联系 Oracle Cloud 支持。不幸的是，他们的回复是......无用/无用/浪费时间（说得客气一点）——他们基本上只是向我指出基本的 Google 搜索结果，而我已经尝试过但没有成功。

有没有其他人在 Oracle Cloud 免费套餐上遇到过这个问题，或者有没有人有关于如何解决这个问题的建议？我没有备份（我知道，这是我的错误，已经感觉自己太愚蠢了），我真的需要从服务器恢复一些重要数据。任何建议都将不胜感激！

WKGuy

Asked: 2024-09-24 06:24:44 +0800 CST

Jdb2 不断写入 HDD

7

我需要帮助处理一些硬盘，我的系统通过一个名为的过程不断向硬盘写入 4kb 数据jbd2。写入永无休止，由于硬盘上不断进行活动，导致硬盘非常热。

我首先会向你介绍我来到这里的全部背景：

我有一台运行 ubuntu 服务器的旧笔记本电脑，我一直将其用作运行 Nextcloud 和最近的 Jellyfin 等程序的服务器。

Linux nextcloudlenovo 5.15.0-119-generic #129-Ubuntu SMP Fri Aug 2 19:25:20 UTC 2024 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

我的 Jellyfin 媒体库的存储设备是使用 EXT4 格式化的旧 500GB 硬盘，并通过 crontab 作业将其备份到另一块 500GB 硬盘中。两个驱动器都使用 2 托架 USB 驱动器底座连接，如下所示： Inland USB 2 托架扩展坞

我的旧硬盘一直运行良好，直到最近我购买了新的 8TB 硬盘来替换现在已经满了的 500GB 硬盘。

您可能注意到，扩展坞也是一个磁盘克隆器，因此在将新驱动器安装到笔记本电脑之前，我断开了扩展坞与它的连接，并单独使用它来将数据从 500GB 克隆到 8TB。将扩展坞与新驱动器再次插入服务器后，该过程似乎成功了（我的所有数据都在新驱动器中，我可以毫无问题地访问它）。

了解完所有这些背景知识后...

我现在遇到的问题是，一旦安装新驱动器，jdb2就会不断对每个驱动器进行 4kb 写入。这是我将驱动器安装几分钟后打印出来的结果（sda2-8 是受影响的驱动器）：

Average:      UID       PID   kB_rd/s   kB_wr/s kB_ccwr/s iodelay  Command
Average:        0         1    749.83    209.51      0.08       0  systemd
Average:        0        90      5.53      0.00      0.00       0  kworker/u4:1-flush-8:0
Average:        0        99      0.22      0.00      0.00       0  kworker/u4:3-loop5
Average:        0       303      0.00     19.00      0.00       0  jbd2/sda2-8
Average:        0       375      0.00     14.76      0.00       0  systemd-journal
Average:      107       714      0.00      0.28      0.00       0  rsyslogd
Average:        0       717   1794.02   3103.34     34.04       0  snapd
Average:        0       722      1.12      0.00      0.00       0  udisksd
Average:        0       970      0.00      0.03      0.02       0  nmbd
Average:        0      3682      0.00      0.64      0.00       0  jbd2/sdc1-8
Average:        0      3684     58.33      0.00      0.00       0  ext4lazyinit
Average:        0      3967      1.62      0.00      0.00       0  kworker/u4:0-events_unbound
Average:        0      4793    984.14     71.50     49.24       0  run-httpd
Average:        0      4799      0.03      0.00      0.00       0  nextcloud-fixer
Average:        0      4810      0.36      0.00      0.00       0  start-php-fpm
Average:        0      4816    120.85      0.02      0.00       0  start_mysql
Average:        0      4827     29.23      0.00      0.00       0  nextcloud-cron
Average:        0      4851      0.49      0.00      0.00       0  start-redis-ser
Average:        0      4860    110.75      0.03      0.02       0  renew-certs
Average:        0      5040     36.26      0.05      0.00       0  redis-server
Average:        0      5349      4.76      0.00      0.00       0  mysqld_safe
Average:        0      5580     10.60    133.39      0.06       0  mysqld
Average:        0      5711     32.41      0.03      0.00       0  php-fpm
Average:        0      6365      0.01      0.00      0.00       0  httpd-wrapper
Average:        0      6420      4.42      0.03      0.00       0  httpd
Average:        0      6422      0.08      0.00      0.00       0  httpd
Average:        0      6570      0.73      0.00      0.00       0  php

起初我以为它是这个问题的重复，所以我将添加到 fstab，但它没有改变任何东西。然后我想它可能是这个其他问题noatime的重复，但我没有看到下面的文件。所以我没有选择和想法了。.local/share/gvfs-metadata

我尝试将 USB 扩展坞插入 raspberry pi 4（这是我手头上唯一另一台 Linux 计算机），看看驱动器的行为是否会有所不同（即不使用 jdb2 执行 4kb 写入），但在那里，一旦我安装驱动器，ext4lazyinit就需要很长时间才能运行。我让它在 pi 上运行了 1 个多小时，它仍在初始化驱动器，而在笔记本电脑上则ext4lazyinit在 1 分钟内完成。

作为系统管理员，我还是个新手，所以非常感谢任何帮助！

如果您想了解有关笔记本电脑的更多详细信息，以防万一，这里是我的 lscpu 转储：

Architecture:             x86_64
  CPU op-mode(s):         32-bit, 64-bit
  Address sizes:          36 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
  Byte Order:             Little Endian
CPU(s):                   2
  On-line CPU(s) list:    0,1
Vendor ID:                GenuineIntel
  Model name:             Pentium(R) Dual-Core CPU       T4400  @ 2.20GHz
    CPU family:           6
    Model:                23
    Thread(s) per core:   1
    Core(s) per socket:   2
    Socket(s):            1
    Stepping:             10
    CPU max MHz:          2200.0000
    CPU min MHz:          1200.0000
    BogoMIPS:             4389.61
    Flags:                fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx lm constant_tsc arch_pe
                          rfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl cpuid aperfmperf pni dtes64 monitor ds_cpl est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm xsave lahf_lm pti dtherm
Caches (sum of all):      
  L1d:                    64 KiB (2 instances)
  L1i:                    64 KiB (2 instances)
  L2:                     1 MiB (1 instance)
NUMA:                     
  NUMA node(s):           1
  NUMA node0 CPU(s):      0,1
Vulnerabilities:          
  Gather data sampling:   Not affected
  Itlb multihit:          KVM: Mitigation: VMX unsupported
  L1tf:                   Mitigation; PTE Inversion
  Mds:                    Vulnerable: Clear CPU buffers attempted, no microcode; SMT disabled
  Meltdown:               Mitigation; PTI
  Mmio stale data:        Unknown: No mitigations
  Reg file data sampling: Not affected
  Retbleed:               Not affected
  Spec rstack overflow:   Not affected
  Spec store bypass:      Vulnerable
  Spectre v1:             Mitigation; usercopy/swapgs barriers and __user pointer sanitization
  Spectre v2:             Mitigation; Retpolines; STIBP disabled; RSB filling; PBRSB-eIBRS Not affected; BHI Not affected
  Srbds:                  Not affected
  Tsx async abort:        Not affected

bragdon

Asked: 2024-09-15 01:46:46 +0800 CST

dnsmasq 返回 HTTPS 而不是 NODATA

5

我正在尝试使用 dnsmasq 在 ubuntu 服务器上为连接到 VPN 的人们设置 DNS。我不希望人们从此 VPN 搜索成人内容网站。

因此我安装了 dnsmask 并将其设置为使用主机列表，禁止大多数已知的成人内容网站：https://github.com/Sinfonietta/hostfiles/blob/master/pornography-hosts

对于 pornhub.com 它正在运行并且我收到以下日志：

dnsmasq[2438]: query[HTTPS] pornhub.com from 10.8.0.4
dnsmasq[2438]: forwarded pornhub.com to x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x
dnsmasq[2438]: query[A] pornhub.com from 10.8.0.4
dnsmasq[2438]: /etc/hosts-porn-content pornhub.com is 0.0.0.0
dnsmasq[2438]: reply pornhub.com is NODATA

但是，由于某种原因，当某个网站可以通过 ipv6 解析时，客户端仍然可以访问该网站。例如，即使 dnsmasq 在 /etc/hosts-porn-content 中找到配置，hanime.tv 仍可解析：

dnsmasq[2438]: query[HTTPS] hanime.tv from 10.8.0.4
dnsmasq[2438]: forwarded hanime.tv to x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x
dnsmasq[2438]: query[A] hanime.tv from 10.8.0.4
dnsmasq[2438]: /etc/hosts-porn-content hanime.tv is 0.0.0.0
dnsmasq[2438]: reply hanime.tv is <HTTPS>

这是我的 dnsmasq 配置：

# On systems which support it, dnsmasq binds the wildcard address,
# even when it is listening on only some interfaces. It then discards
# requests that it shouldn't reply to. This has the advantage of
# working even when interfaces come and go and change address. If you
# want dnsmasq to really bind only the interfaces it is listening on,
# uncomment this option. About the only time you may need this is when
# running another nameserver on the same machine.
bind-interfaces
clear-on-reload
filter-AAAA

# If you don't want dnsmasq to read /etc/hosts, uncomment the
# following line.
#no-hosts
# or if you want it to read another file, as well as /etc/hosts, use
# this.
addn-hosts=/etc/hosts-porn-content

systemd-resolve 配置：

[Resolve]
# Some examples of DNS servers which may be used for DNS= and FallbackDNS=:
# Cloudflare: 1.1.1.1#cloudflare-dns.com 1.0.0.1#cloudflare-dns.com 2606:4700:4700::1111#cloudflare-dns.com 2606:4700:4700::1001#cloudflare-dns.com
# Google:     8.8.8.8#dns.google 8.8.4.4#dns.google 2001:4860:4860::8888#dns.google 2001:4860:4860::8844#dns.google
# Quad9:      9.9.9.9#dns.quad9.net 149.112.112.112#dns.quad9.net 2620:fe::fe#dns.quad9.net 2620:fe::9#dns.quad9.net
DNS=127.0.0.1
#FallbackDNS=
#Domains=
#DNSSEC=no
#DNSOverTLS=no
#MulticastDNS=no
#LLMNR=no
#Cache=no-negative
#CacheFromLocalhost=no
DNSStubListener=no
#DNSStubListenerExtra=
#ReadEtcHosts=yes
#ResolveUnicastSingleLabel=no

OpenVPN 配置使用 DNS：

# If enabled, this directive will configure
# all clients to redirect their default
# network gateway through the VPN, causing
# all IP traffic such as web browsing and
# and DNS lookups to go through the VPN
# (The OpenVPN server machine may need to NAT
# or bridge the TUN/TAP interface to the internet
# in order for this to work properly).
push "redirect-gateway def1"

# Certain Windows-specific network settings
# can be pushed to clients, such as DNS
# or WINS server addresses.  CAVEAT:
# http://openvpn.net/faq.html#dhcpcaveats
# The addresses below refer to the public
# DNS servers provided by opendns.com.
push "dhcp-option DNS 10.8.0.1"

/etc/hosts内容：

127.0.0.1 localhost
127.0.1.1 serv

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

我尝试在运行 DNS 服务器的计算机上禁用 IPV6，但是客户端无法在网络上搜索任何内容...

并且 filter-AAAA 不起作用，至少我不明白它在做什么。

最后我通过执行以下操作清除 DNS 缓存：

resolvectl flush-caches
pkill -HUP dnsmasq
pkill -USR1 dnsmasq

bragdon

Asked: 2024-09-13 15:35:50 +0800 CST

安装 ubuntu server 22.04 后无法控制旧 HP 台式电脑风扇

5

我在一台大约 10-15 年的旧 HP 台式电脑上安装了 Ubuntu Server 22.04。之前，它运行的是 Windows 7，风扇没有噪音。但现在，由于转速高（约 1300 RPM），风扇发出很大噪音。

我尝试遵循该论坛上不同相关主题的多个答案，但没有成功。因此，我做了以下事情：

安装lm_sensors并运行sudo sensors-detect，我得到以下结果：

# /etc/modules: kernel modules to load at boot time.
#
# This file contains the names of kernel modules that should be loaded
# at boot time, one per line. Lines beginning with "#" are ignored.

# Generated by sensors-detect on Fri Sep 13 08:03:19 2024
# Chip drivers
coretemp
f71882fg

重启
运行sensors命令：

sensors
f71858fg-isa-0200
Adapter: ISA adapter
+3.3V:         3.36 V  
3VSB:          3.28 V  
Vbat:          3.25 V  
fan1:        1359 RPM
fan2:         945 RPM
fan3:           0 RPM  ALARM
temp1:        +33.9°C  (high = +70.0°C, hyst = +60.0°C)
temp2:        +33.4°C  (high = +100.0°C, hyst = +85.0°C)
temp3:        +31.9°C  (high = +100.0°C, hyst = +85.0°C)

nouveau-pci-0100
Adapter: PCI adapter
GPU core:    900.00 mV (min =  +0.88 V, max =  +1.08 V)
temp1:        +54.0°C  (high = +95.0°C, hyst =  +3.0°C)
                      (crit = +105.0°C, hyst =  +5.0°C)
                      (emerg = +135.0°C, hyst =  +5.0°C)

coretemp-isa-0000
Adapter: ISA adapter
Package id 0:  +34.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +99.0°C)
Core 0:        +25.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +99.0°C)
Core 1:        +28.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +99.0°C)
Core 2:        +19.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +99.0°C)
Core 3:        +32.0°C  (high = +80.0°C, crit = +99.0°C)

跑步sudo pwmconfig

# pwmconfig version 3.6.0
This program will search your sensors for pulse width modulation (pwm)
controls, and test each one to see if it controls a fan on
your motherboard. Note that many motherboards do not have pwm
circuitry installed, even if your sensor chip supports pwm.

We will attempt to briefly stop each fan using the pwm controls.
The program will attempt to restore each fan to full speed
after testing. However, it is ** very important ** that you
physically verify that the fans have been to full speed
after the program has completed.

Found the following devices:
  hwmon0 is nouveau
  hwmon1 is coretemp
  hwmon2/device is f71858fg
  hwmon3 is hidpp_battery_0

Found the following PWM controls:
  hwmon0/pwm1           current value: 13
  hwmon2/device/pwm1           current value: 77
hwmon2/device/pwm1 is currently setup for automatic speed control.
In general, automatic mode is preferred over manual mode, as
it is more efficient and it reacts faster. Are you sure that
you want to setup this output for manual control? (n) y
hwmon2/device/pwm1_enable stuck to 2
Manual control mode not supported, skipping hwmon2/device/pwm1.
  hwmon2/device/pwm2           current value: 86
hwmon2/device/pwm2 is currently setup for automatic speed control.
In general, automatic mode is preferred over manual mode, as
it is more efficient and it reacts faster. Are you sure that
you want to setup this output for manual control? (n) y
hwmon2/device/pwm2_enable stuck to 2
Manual control mode not supported, skipping hwmon2/device/pwm2.
  hwmon2/device/pwm3           current value: 102
hwmon2/device/pwm3 is currently setup for automatic speed control.
In general, automatic mode is preferred over manual mode, as
it is more efficient and it reacts faster. Are you sure that
you want to setup this output for manual control? (n) y
hwmon2/device/pwm3_enable stuck to 2
Manual control mode not supported, skipping hwmon2/device/pwm3.

Giving the fans some time to reach full speed...
Found the following fan sensors:
  hwmon2/device/fan1_input     current speed: 1362 RPM
  hwmon2/device/fan2_input     current speed: 953 RPM
  hwmon2/device/fan3_input     current speed: 0 ... skipping!

Warning!!! This program will stop your fans, one at a time,
for approximately 5 seconds each!!!
This may cause your processor temperature to rise!!!
If you do not want to do this hit control-C now!!!
Hit return to continue: 

Testing pwm control hwmon0/pwm1 ...
 hwmon2/device/fan1_input ... speed was 1362 now 1390
   no correlation
 hwmon2/device/fan2_input ... speed was 953 now 953
   no correlation

No correlations were detected.
There is either no fan connected to the output of hwmon0/pwm1,
or the connected fan has no rpm-signal connected to one of
the tested fan sensors. (Note: not all motherboards have
the pwm outputs connected to the fan connectors,
check out the hardware database on http://www.almico.com/forumindex.php)

Did you see/hear a fan stopping during the above test (n)? n

Testing is complete.
Please verify that all fans have returned to their normal speed.

The fancontrol script can automatically respond to temperature changes
of your system by changing fanspeeds.

由于 hwmon2/device/pwm1 设置为 2，我尝试将其编辑为 1 以手动控制 pwm。我尝试了以下命令：

cd /sys/class/hwmon/hwmon2/device/
echo 1 > pwm1_enable

但是，我收到以下错误：bash: echo: write error: Invalid argument

此外，我尝试更新驱动程序，但没有成功。

最后，我尝试更新控制风扇 RPM 的 BIOS 参数，但它似乎是只读的，而且 BIOS 太旧了，我不明白是否可以更改该值...

任何帮助都将不胜感激=)

使用以下方法提取计算机硬件sudo lshw：

description: Motherboard
product: 2AB6
vendor: PEGATRON CORPORATION
physical id: 0
version: 1.04
----------------------------
description: BIOS
vendor: AMI
physical id: 0
version: 7.14
date: 05/17/2011
size: 64KiB
capacity: 8MiB
capabilities: pci upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer acpi usb biosbootspecification
----------------------------
description: CPU
product: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-2310 CPU @ 2.90GHz
vendor: Intel Corp.
physical id: 4
bus info: cpu@0
version: 6.42.7
slot: CPU 1
size: 1742MHz
capacity: 3800MHz
width: 64 bits
clock: 100MHz
capabilities: lm fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush dts acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht tm pbe syscall nx rdtscp x86-64 constant_tsc arch_perfmon pebs bts rep_good nopl xtopology nonstop_tsc cpuid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq dtes64 monitor ds_cpl est tm2 ssse3 cx16 xtpr pdcm pcid sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt tsc_deadline_timer aes xsave avx lahf_lm epb pti ssbd ibrs ibpb stibp xsaveopt dtherm ida arat pln pts md_clear flush_l1d cpufreq
configuration: cores=4 enabledcores=1 microcode=47
----------------------------
description: System Memory
physical id: e
slot: System board or motherboard
size: 4GiB
----------------------------
(Comment if you need to know anything else)

sudo dmidecode -t bios

SMBIOS 2.6 present.

Handle 0x0000, DMI type 0, 24 bytes
BIOS Information
    Vendor: AMI
    Version: 7.14
    Release Date: 05/17/2011
    Address: 0xF0000
    Runtime Size: 64 kB
    ROM Size: 8 MB
    Characteristics:
        PCI is supported
        BIOS is upgradeable
        BIOS shadowing is allowed
        Boot from CD is supported
        Selectable boot is supported
        BIOS ROM is socketed
        EDD is supported
        5.25"/1.2 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        3.5"/720 kB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        3.5"/2.88 MB floppy services are supported (int 13h)
        Print screen service is supported (int 5h)
        8042 keyboard services are supported (int 9h)
        Serial services are supported (int 14h)
        Printer services are supported (int 17h)
        ACPI is supported
        USB legacy is supported
        BIOS boot specification is supported
        Targeted content distribution is supported
    BIOS Revision: 7.14

Handle 0x0029, DMI type 13, 22 bytes
BIOS Language Information
    Language Description Format: Abbreviated
    Installable Languages: 12
        eng
        fra
        spa
        ger
        ita
        dan
        fin
        dut
        nor
        por
        swe
        jpn
    Currently Installed Language: fra

Bryant

Asked: 2024-09-04 07:55:38 +0800 CST

无法从 Ubuntu Server 22.04 升级到 24.04.1

18

我知道发布日期被推迟到 8 月 29 日，但现在是 9 月，我仍然无法升级到 24.04。这是 Ubuntu Server。

$ sudo do-release-upgrade -c
Checking for a new Ubuntu release
There is no development version of an LTS available.
To upgrade to the latest non-LTS development release
set Prompt=normal in /etc/update-manager/release-upgrades.

这是 apt 更新/升级后的情况。之后甚至重启了系统，并再次尝试。服务器 LTS 点发布是否延迟（不确定它是否是与桌面版本不同的发布系列）？

Sigurd Alnæs

Asked: 2024-09-04 02:48:11 +0800 CST

heredoc 在 Ubuntu 24.04 中不起作用

5

在两台服务器上升级到 24.04，无法像之前在 22.04 上那样从第一台服务器在第二台服务器上运行远程脚本 (heredoc)。Ubuntu 24.04 中是否删除了此选项？

user369671

Asked: 2024-08-15 17:05:47 +0800 CST

将大文件流式上传到 Google Drive 而不存储在本地

5

我有一台 Ubuntu 服务器，可用存储空间有限（大约 3GB）。我需要下载一个大文件（大约 100GB）并将其直接保存到我的 Google Drive 帐户，而不是将其存储在我的服务器上。我正在寻找一种既能实现此目的又不会耗尽服务器存储空间的方法。

有哪些选项可以将下载内容直接传输至 Google Drive？

提前感谢您的任何指导或建议。

nano 版本 8 具有 Ctrl-c、Ctrl-v 的“标准”键绑定，

Ubuntu 服务器和虚拟机

SSH 客户端不向 SSH 服务器提供公钥

在 Oracle Cloud VM Ubuntu Server 上更改默认端口 22 后无法登录

Jdb2 不断写入 HDD

dnsmasq 返回 HTTPS 而不是 NODATA

安装 ubuntu server 22.04 后无法控制旧 HP 台式电脑风扇

无法从 Ubuntu Server 22.04 升级到 24.04.1

heredoc 在 Ubuntu 24.04 中不起作用

将大文件流式上传到 Google Drive 而不存储在本地

如何运行 .sh 脚本？

如何安装 .tar.gz（或 .tar.bz2）文件？

如何列出所有已安装的软件包

无法锁定管理目录 (/var/lib/dpkg/) 是另一个进程在使用它吗？

问题[server](ubuntu)