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主页 / ubuntu / 问题

问题[dkim](ubuntu)

Martin Hope
CatchAsCatchCan
Asked: 2019-03-21 12:13:18 +0800 CST

DKIM 失败“正文哈希未验证”,但仅在 CRON 输出上

  • 3

我已经在我的服务器上成功安装了 Postfix 和 OpenDkim,它正确地签署了来自多个不同域的邮件。我们将称为 webhost.example.com 的主机。它运行 Ubuntu 18.04.2 LTS、Postfix 3.3.0 和 OpenDKIM v2.11.0

今天,我想从发送到我的 Gmail 帐户的一些 CRON 作业中获取输出,因此我在 KeyTable 和 SigningTable 中设置了所需的条目,并生成了密钥并使用一封给自己的单行电子邮件对其进行了测试。

echo "Test message" | mail -s "Test message" [email protected]

这应该会从 [email protected] 生成一封电子邮件。它确实由 OpenDKIM 正确签名,并发送到我的 Gmail 帐户并成功通过验证。

这是我在 GMail 上得到的:

Delivered-To: [email protected]
Received: by 2002:a5d:48c4:0:0:0:0:0 with SMTP id p4csp257074wrs;
        Tue, 19 Mar 2019 21:00:38 -0700 (PDT)
X-Google-Smtp-Source: APXvYqzzFOWDKe9HXwsYXMKgDAYZjyoHVQj0EcFTzj7zrlnhiY0QBCN2DaEXqiXjh8T71ZiLDzqc
X-Received: by 2002:a62:5789:: with SMTP id i9mr27645136pfj.75.1553054437831;
        Tue, 19 Mar 2019 21:00:37 -0700 (PDT)
ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; t=1553054437; cv=none;
        d=google.com; s=arc-20160816;
        b=bBqJW5ba0CKQdhBlKSOmx8A+D++aHf/NwbCWSD5V0Mq/+E2NSAwtSU9Yi/sOpp0dAl
         VZ2fbB1PNjhB1KGTT2vwoOambDbYUwWB2nIMG5w3aFlUVoOFgYLmLFZwHx6EeTm+nKbQ
         tu6XzdsjT0Vl9HtH44hXed4WU5eRe4KGcblkKSswF3xQ3k57PPOSOea0qdqSN+K3Usj1
         yv9B81pxTRKdBa3Ihkxmy6q0BPfiwwVRD1rb22/swhC/QS7O7M/9AKGxlxBhl1zgks9a
         55Sm1ghGyN3HFoDlZ8bWNo0qImV4bQPsDaTVDykueHOxC2tXBdxA8559io4QKwBU2yc1
         TFFA==
ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=google.com; s=arc-20160816;
        h=from:date:message-id:to:subject:dkim-signature;
        bh=vMryiu7Ey0Nro6WC0HJ1+2DMJ4hQ10+LmaSady45MSs=;
        b=RN6/AsO7ejyBlwkSuPyLIgktIttKp2ar60+D0vyf4Le/RP543qL/OQUSC5su1tbc7l
         fbEaCSnDuuBpB0OlJiBjQHeu0y3+FvK4cjmElRgPMyMFbk3q6PxbEXLrgeKs9tiKFHSG
         TFAu+Czb32yhOVgmJQNwQ4cpyOKEZmfz7eXFwXBvw69D4qGUrW6q7j54xoQGl8kTVDM5
         kUz/N4JoiS9rAFNxft/fg0druQaoMCFhuPR8d5a7NYJBp3vV+bWyonLD2kGbqxFujU97
         RjAMko+eMvuWS7zWOnqYF3Di3MyGDLBlue4+rXz65o0VxrTS/MZhsKZFG/LzlBdi4vPF
         0thA==
ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx.google.com;
       dkim=pass [email protected] header.s=webhost header.b=eMU0P6hB;
       spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 13.238.180.128 as permitted sender) [email protected];
       dmarc=pass (p=QUARANTINE sp=QUARANTINE dis=NONE) header.from=example.com
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
Received: from webhost.example.com (ec2-13-238-180-128.ap-southeast-2.compute.amazonaws.com. [13.238.180.128])
        by mx.google.com with ESMTP id j134si770928pgc.42.2019.03.19.21.00.37
        for <[email protected]>;
        Tue, 19 Mar 2019 21:00:37 -0700 (PDT)
Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 13.238.180.128 as permitted sender) client-ip=13.238.180.128;
Authentication-Results: mx.google.com;
       dkim=pass [email protected] header.s=webhost header.b=eMU0P6hB;
       spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 13.238.180.128 as permitted sender) [email protected];
       dmarc=pass (p=QUARANTINE sp=QUARANTINE dis=NONE) header.from=example.com
Received: by webhost.example.com (Postfix, from userid 1000)
    id 3E9A8FA106; Wed, 20 Mar 2019 04:00:36 +0000 (UTC)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple;
    d=webhost.example.com; s=webhost; t=1553054436;
    bh=vMryiu7Ey0Nro6WC0HJ1+2DMJ4hQ10+LmaSady45MSs=;
    h=Subject:To:Date:From:From;
    b=eMU0P6hBtTMDVSU5aw1dTR7CSlrBSHjK4And4uaFeo+HnSnD5+bBAKObTk3WxeLgr
     Tf/1/httpjXNUdphU5STlFSqeunuZJafxDqLVzuoYHJOCuQ8vfGoZqyI2hGaJ9ql8E
     dSp1j1mOVRBYC8KpSYbnA+Uc2+ut68mQDDRc2pZQWdQLzmxWwCiz+tAAXdHQFVsx+D
     sobOHN/cq9CgJNkEs0qnjsE9zdnTdMrO+1AbnJBCHKeQBZAoDdg4OjjlMmg4kTmLli
     fyVtcYBHaY8OjM15qiKL0YvjzfnCP50L7VjT9EBAhtJn2d9lYGyhQ/sLbwx91nL/yG
     OTxMRE82pD6wQ==
Subject: This is a test message
To: <[email protected]>
X-Mailer: mail (GNU Mailutils 3.4)
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2019 04:00:36 +0000 (UTC)
From: Ubuntu <[email protected]>

This is a test message. You know the drill!

到目前为止,一切都很好。

我设置了我的 cron 作业并添加了该行

[email protected]

输出已生成、签名并邮寄,但 GMail 未能通过 DKIM 验证

dkim=neutral (body hash did not verify) [email protected] header.s=webhost header.b=tXJM8ih0;

这是完整的电子邮件。如果它有用,这是 curl 请求的输出。

Delivered-To: [email protected]
Received: by 2002:a5d:48c4:0:0:0:0:0 with SMTP id p4csp776152wrs;
        Wed, 20 Mar 2019 07:14:04 -0700 (PDT)
X-Google-Smtp-Source: APXvYqyZdMJuwpApjkjfxfh/rsHg67hLBtQSS5j0BUCq8NaaxUqV+sIDf7CPy+sYjS2b817v9pAu
X-Received: by 2002:a63:5541:: with SMTP id f1mr7627593pgm.38.1553091244323;
        Wed, 20 Mar 2019 07:14:04 -0700 (PDT)
ARC-Seal: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; t=1553091244; cv=none;
        d=google.com; s=arc-20160816;
        b=h3SPkfLIm9BjWS+SlJc4Wd/8XFE2YT3QNSOkzzLY858wldyOXMn3OR8rFcU6UVmbEL
         stCPHuXM7ouP0s7ICTC4TAyv+DiqWNokBsRkwXjdP6+mEEmXlP6VUk8H/+nL89BrMp4E
         FhzVM4sE5/3VphjuXPom0Ux+e+WrLDWBZbKMbMOLSMkbmCL6B3/llK3FMwPfAGPzS2O8
         o+cfm6r15W0aND02eIvNg6px2kNmD+wHAI993/BZJ3vIPvNzsEHFUWwbD10iYkIUwmvA
         DMUVB3jx+pXtFhv17+Fpx0zsSx5806vieOVoLxXAnlJgdykNH/DuZY3NM1DVyR1Renxw
         eTPg==
ARC-Message-Signature: i=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/relaxed; d=google.com; s=arc-20160816;
        h=date:message-id:content-transfer-encoding:mime-version:subject:to
         :from:dkim-signature;
        bh=lkMik4Dz2hOPxvMLwTHlE8QE1l4G/X7DcjAYikPMEMc=;
        b=N85+olM3406vk7LhpV03QNxCZQLELh+ZLjUIUg1xt5u7z/aJZS0CRa1q4JJcBn8Fm0
         nRBvMLFJXIrm0Y11s5kET6Xvzkk9G/szfJNqthy7e80mHs2Q7xgfYeVpYmQmL3DxjVjm
         mzlnJVzVyx0XLMcAKaneb0CkOIsuOo6nkCGMakPsS9e+vMpfdnBggZZQv1zqkGHzTnML
         +QMIVMEH7kgQphYo6GiCVb1LWThuwYyI+nSclPDw9fNLRPGTNqbiBqWQuEdgM3/K46Zy
         gY4SgTXwL+MOCVgIbN33ZG3FuVHwyr5bQZGrpR48HXS68zYA5jbcgF9eFDBtuBOQPDo+
         HkKw==
ARC-Authentication-Results: i=1; mx.google.com;
       dkim=neutral (body hash did not verify) [email protected] header.s=webhost header.b=tXJM8ih0;
       spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 13.238.180.128 as permitted sender) [email protected];
       dmarc=pass (p=QUARANTINE sp=QUARANTINE dis=NONE) header.from=example.com
Return-Path: <[email protected]>
Received: from webhost.example.com (ec2-13-238-180-128.ap-southeast-2.compute.amazonaws.com. [13.238.180.128])
        by mx.google.com with ESMTP id b7si1705816pgl.20.2019.03.20.07.14.03
        for <[email protected]>;
        Wed, 20 Mar 2019 07:14:04 -0700 (PDT)
Received-SPF: pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 13.238.180.128 as permitted sender) client-ip=13.238.180.128;
Authentication-Results: mx.google.com;
       dkim=neutral (body hash did not verify) [email protected] header.s=webhost header.b=tXJM8ih0;
       spf=pass (google.com: domain of [email protected] designates 13.238.180.128 as permitted sender) [email protected];
       dmarc=pass (p=QUARANTINE sp=QUARANTINE dis=NONE) header.from=example.com
Received: by webhost.example.com (Postfix, from userid 1000)
    id 0FACCFA104; Wed, 20 Mar 2019 14:14:02 +0000 (UTC)
DKIM-Signature: v=1; a=rsa-sha256; c=relaxed/simple;
    d=webhost.example.com; s=webhost; t=1553091242;
    bh=20rEKrmO1yPqlIJwX4HLsjr/kx4SaM/AaK17/OmPhLA=;
    h=From:To:Subject:Date:From;
    b=tXJM8ih006AjxwXJNAD30k7Fjo/HYTsi5bEfOCaxr0D8BiEAA/mIiDvaexjHPWNQ6
     B5DrCGlhvLVZIRs1Zp2v4pbYYYvpmrzOTB99vXk0lEEGTRIwdhvAYKT31Jt2N5VMq3
     hifps7hj3TD/Eevks82VvcIu2xJWXFPNEZMGvjcRa3hFSE2IIcfOhMJhwX5Rcnx+F4
     wjtxqROgxXpHxgJkXzkVe3HbpKVK5eOrsBoeRnUhR4SWa2f7UKhT4k28KOuTQo8bG3
     E63PoPwcOQU4cPiiqnPEdWO7ERvSHetgh/1yjpigcbch9SWwQHwA4FPSmcfOfLeIov
     +wxrbVKHXtzMA==
From: [email protected] (Cron Daemon)
To: [email protected]
Subject: Cron <ubuntu@webhost> curl https://invoicing2018.example.com/tasks/run
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
X-Cron-Env: <[email protected]>
X-Cron-Env: <SHELL=/bin/sh>
X-Cron-Env: <HOME=/home/ubuntu>
X-Cron-Env: <PATH=/usr/bin:/bin>
X-Cron-Env: <LOGNAME=ubuntu>
Message-Id: <[email protected]>
Date: Wed, 20 Mar 2019 14:14:02 +0000 (UTC)

  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed

  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0
  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0
  0     0    0     0    0     0      0      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:--     0

来自 cron 的电子邮件也以同样的方式使Port25 验证程序失败

所以,问题是:

为什么我的 DKIM 配置正确签署了除 CRON 输出之外的所有内容?

我能做些什么来解决这个问题?

我可以尝试使用脚本来运行curl请求并使用 mail 发送电子邮件,但我还有许多其他 cron 作业要添加,我宁愿在尝试解决方法之前解决潜在问题。

gmail postfix dkim
  • 1 个回答
  • 3586 Views
Martin Hope
Hack Saw
Asked: 2019-02-12 02:13:42 +0800 CST

Opendkim 无法启动:无法打开 PID 文件?

  • 10

这是我从 systemd 收到的投诉:

"opendkim.service: Can't open PID file /var/run/opendkim/opendkim.pid"

如此处所示:

systemctl status opendkim.service

提出这个:

● opendkim.service - OpenDKIM DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) Milter
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/opendkim.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: deactivating (stop-sigterm) (Result: timeout)
     Docs: man:opendkim(8)
           man:opendkim.conf(5)
           man:opendkim-genkey(8)
           man:opendkim-genzone(8)
           man:opendkim-testadsp(8)
           man:opendkim-testkey
           http://www.opendkim.org/docs.html
  Process: 8217 ExecStart=/usr/sbin/opendkim -x /etc/opendkim.conf (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
    Tasks: 6 (limit: 2361)
   CGroup: /system.slice/opendkim.service
           └─8226 /usr/sbin/opendkim -x /etc/opendkim.conf

Feb 11 04:56:48 hacksaw.org systemd[1]: Starting OpenDKIM DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) Milter...
Feb 11 04:56:48 hacksaw.org systemd[1]: opendkim.service: Can't open PID file /var/run/opendkim/opendkim.pid (yet?) after start: No such file or directory
Feb 11 04:56:48 hacksaw.org opendkim[8226]: OpenDKIM Filter v2.11.0 starting (args: -x /etc/opendkim.conf)
Feb 11 04:58:18 hacksaw.org systemd[1]: opendkim.service: Start operation timed out. Terminating.

如果我手动启动守护进程,它就会运行。这似乎与systemd有关。

其他数据:

#ls -ld /var/run/opendkim/
drwxr-xr-x 2 opendkim opendkim 40 Feb 11 04:25 /var/run/opendkim/

opendkim.conf 中唯一的一行:

UserID      opendkim:opendkim

默认的 opendkim 服务文件,来自 /lib/systemd/service:

[Unit]
Description=OpenDKIM DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) Milter
Documentation=man:opendkim(8) man:opendkim.conf(5) man:opendkim-genkey(8) man:opendkim-genzone(8) man:opendkim-testadsp(8) man:opendkim-testkey http://www.opendkim.org/docs.html
After=network.target nss-lookup.target

[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/var/run/opendkim/opendkim.pid
UMask=0007
ExecStart=/usr/sbin/opendkim -x /etc/opendkim.conf
Restart=on-failure
ExecReload=/bin/kill -USR1 $MAINPID

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
systemd 18.04 dkim
  • 6 个回答
  • 19081 Views
Martin Hope
Exeter
Asked: 2016-04-20 08:30:32 +0800 CST

谷歌报告 dkim 传递无效主机

  • 0

一个月前,我在 ubunutu 服务器上设置了 DKIM、SPF 和 DMRAC。一切似乎都运行良好,直到我收到一份好奇的 DMARC 报告。一个胭脂服务器设法发送了一封通过谷歌 DKIM 验证的电子邮件。

这怎么可能发生?这可能是使用未更改消息的重播“攻击”吗?

<record>
  <row>
    <source_ip>RougeIP</source_ip>
    <count>1</count>
    <policy_evaluated>
      <disposition>none</disposition>
      <dkim>pass</dkim>
      <spf>fail</spf>
    </policy_evaluated>
  </row>
  <identifiers>
    <header_from>host.com</header_from>
  </identifiers>
  <auth_results>
    <dkim>
      <domain>host.com</domain>
      <result>pass</result>
    </dkim>
    <dkim>
      <domain>host.com</domain>
      <result>pass</result>
    </dkim>
    <spf>
      <domain>host.com</domain>
      <result>fail</result>
    </spf>
  </auth_results>
</record>
dkim
  • 1 个回答
  • 91 Views

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