关于【dhcpd】的问题- 第1页

dargaud

Asked: 2019-12-13 12:12:38 +0800 CST

连接 USB 转以太网适配器后执行操作

4

当我连接一个 USB 到以太网适配器（以前使用过）时，我收到一个 MAC 地址，然后如果另一端有连接的东西，我还会收到一个 IP 地址（在我的情况下为 192.168.1.1，配置为NetworkManager 中的静态）。另一方面，有各种仪器等待在该 PC 上运行的 DHCP 服务器为它们提供 IP。

问题是如果没有找到子网，DHCP 服务器会拒绝启动，因此在连接建立之前无法启动它。systemctl restart isc-dhcp-server.service从 NetworkManager 收到 IP 192.168.1.1 后，我该怎么办？

我想过使用 udev 规则，ATTR{address}=="f0:1f:af:3d:6c:e7" RUN+="systemctl restart isc-dhcp-server.service"但它在分配 IP 之前运行。是否有我可以使用的 udev 选项，或者我必须通过 systemd 或 NetworkManager 或其他方法使用其他方法？

Janne

Asked: 2019-04-29 17:52:32 +0800 CST

18.04 服务器 Systemd DHCP 在 DISCOVER 上挂起，dhclient 工作

3

刚刚安装了 ubuntu 服务器 18.04。我无法使用 systemd-networkd 获得 dhcp 租约，但使用 dhclient 可以正常工作。

使用 SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug 我得到：

$ journalctl
...
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: enp3s0: Link state is up-to-date
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: enp3s0: found matching network '/etc/systemd/network/10-netplan-enp3s0.network'
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: wlp2s0: Link is not managed by us
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: lo: Link is not managed by us
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: LLDP: Started LLDP client
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: enp3s0: Started LLDP.
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: enp3s0: Acquiring DHCPv4 lease
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): STARTED on ifindex 2
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: enp3s0: Discovering IPv6 routers
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: NDISC: Started IPv6 Router Solicitation client
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: Sent message type=signal sender=n/a destination=n/a path=/org/freedesktop/network1/link/_32 interface=org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties member=PropertiesChanged cookie=9 reply_cookie=0 signature=sa{sv}as error-name=n/a error-message=n/a
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: NDISC: Sent Router Solicitation, next solicitation in 4s
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): DISCOVER
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: lo: Link state is up-to-date
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: lo: Unmanaged
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: Sent message type=signal sender=n/a destination=n/a path=/org/freedesktop/network1/link/_31 interface=org.freedesktop.DBus.Properties member=PropertiesChanged cookie=10 reply_cookie=0 signature=sa{sv}as error-name=n/a error-message=n/a
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer systemd-timesyncd[581]: Network configuration changed, trying to establish connection.
Apr 29 10:14:09 computer sudo[2164]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Apr 29 10:14:11 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): DISCOVER
Apr 29 10:14:12 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): DISCOVER
Apr 29 10:14:14 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: NDISC: Sent Router Solicitation, next solicitation in 8s
Apr 29 10:14:16 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): DISCOVER
Apr 29 10:14:21 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: NDISC: No RA received before link confirmation timeout
Apr 29 10:14:21 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: NDISC: Invoking callback for 't'.
Apr 29 10:14:22 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: NDISC: Sent Router Solicitation, next solicitation in 17s
Apr 29 10:14:25 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): DISCOVER
Apr 29 10:14:39 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: NDISC: Sent Router Solicitation, next solicitation in 34s
Apr 29 10:14:41 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): DISCOVER
Apr 29 10:15:14 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: NDISC: Sent Router Solicitation, next solicitation in 1min 10s
Apr 29 10:15:14 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): DISCOVER
Apr 29 10:16:18 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: DHCP CLIENT (0xb7fc15eb): DISCOVER

当我使用 dhcpd 时，一切正常：

Apr 29 10:33:00 computer sudo[2213]:    user : TTY=tty1 ; PWD=/home/user ; USER=root ; COMMAND=/sbin/dhclient -v enp3s0
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer sudo[2213]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by user(uid=0)
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]: Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.3.5
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]: Copyright 2004-2016 Internet Systems Consortium.
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]: All rights reserved.
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]: For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]:
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]: Listening on LPF/enp3s0/c0:3f:d5:63:0a:30
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]: Sending on   LPF/enp3s0/c0:3f:d5:63:0a:30
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]: Sending on   Socket/fallback
Apr 29 10:33:00 computer dhclient[2214]: DHCPDISCOVER on enp3s0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 3 (xid=0x536ea71d)
Apr 29 10:33:02 computer dhclient[2214]: DHCPREQUEST of 192.168.64.102 on enp3s0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 (xid=0x1da76e53)
Apr 29 10:33:02 computer dhclient[2214]: DHCPOFFER of 192.168.64.102 from 192.168.64.1
Apr 29 10:33:02 computer dhclient[2214]: DHCPACK of 192.168.64.102 from 192.168.64.1
Apr 29 10:33:02 computer systemd-networkd[2169]: enp3s0: Adding address: 192.168.64.102/24 (valid forever)

我的问题是：

有没有人可能看到这一点并知道原因可能是什么？
有什么方法可以找出为什么它无法与 dhcp 服务器通信？
有没有一种安全的方法（对系统更新很强大）让它使用 dhclient 来代替？

在我必须离开之前，我有有限的时间来完成这项工作，我需要知道它会在没有本地干预的情况下重新上线，以防重启。

编辑：请求的信息：

$ sudo lshw -C network  
*-network DISABLED        
       description: Wireless interface
       product: Wireless 7260
       vendor: Intel Corporation
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0
       logical name: wlp2s0
       version: 73
       serial: ac:7b:a1:43:12:c8
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical wireless
       configuration: broadcast=yes driver=iwlwifi driverversion=4.15.0-48-generic firmware=17.948900127.0 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes wireless=IEEE 802.11
       resources: irq:92 memory:d0700000-d0701fff
  *-network
       description: Ethernet interface
       product: RTL8111/8168/8411 PCI Express Gigabit Ethernet Controller
       vendor: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd.
       physical id: 0
       bus info: pci@0000:03:00.0
       logical name: enp3s0
       version: 0c
       serial: c0:3f:d5:63:0a:30
       size: 100Mbit/s
       capacity: 1Gbit/s
       width: 64 bits
       clock: 33MHz
       capabilities: pm msi pciexpress msix vpd bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation
       configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=r8169 driverversion=2.3LK-NAPI duplex=full firmware=rtl8168g-2_0.0.1 02/06/13 ip=192.168.64.102 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=MII speed=100Mbit/s
       resources: irq:18 ioport:e000(size=256) memory:d0604000-d0604fff memory:d0600000-d0603fff

网络计划：

$ cat /etc/netplan/*.yaml
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5). 
network:   
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp3s0:
      dhcp4: true

还：

$ cat /run/systemd/network/*
[Match]
Name=enp3s0

[Network]
DHCP=ipv4
LinkLocalAddressing=ipv6

[DHCP]
UseMTU=true
RouteMetric=100

我也试过没有 [DHCP] 节和没有 LinkLocalAddressing 行（当然应该没关系）无济于事。

谢谢。

编辑 2：对于设置的后期阶段，我需要设置一个 pppoe 接口。我现在意识到 netplan 和 networkd 不支持 pppoe 配置，所以我放弃这个并回到 NetworkManager。

detly

Asked: 2018-06-14 21:45:23 +0800 CST

为什么 Netplan/Networkd 没有启动静态以太网接口？

9

我有一台运行 Ubuntu Server 18.04 的机器。网络是使用 Netplan 配置的，所以我有这个配置/etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml：

network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    enp1s0f0:
      optional: false
      addresses:
        - 10.0.0.1/24    
  wifis:
    wlp2s0:
      optional: true
      dhcp4: yes
      access-points:
        [...]

enp1s0f0连接到可能打开或未打开的设备（在启动时或任何其他时间）。我想在这个接口上运行一个 DHCP 服务器。

问题是，当我启动时有几分钟的延迟，我看到这条消息：

A start job is running for Wait for Network to be Configured

最终超时，引导继续，但enp1s0f0从未配置或启动。ip link show enp1s0f0给出：

2: enp1s0f0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 10:dd:b1:ef:65:21 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

我不知道它的意义NO-CARRIER是什么，但如果它是相关的，这里是输出sudo lspci -v：

01:00.0 Ethernet controller: Broadcom Limited NetXtreme BCM57766 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe (rev 01)
    Subsystem: Broadcom Limited NetXtreme BCM57766 Gigabit Ethernet PCIe
    Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 16
    Memory at a0400000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=64K]
    Memory at a0410000 (64-bit, prefetchable) [size=64K]
    Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 3
    Capabilities: [50] Vital Product Data
    Capabilities: [58] MSI: Enable- Count=1/8 Maskable- 64bit+
    Capabilities: [a0] MSI-X: Enable+ Count=6 Masked-
    Capabilities: [ac] Express Endpoint, MSI 00
    Capabilities: [100] Advanced Error Reporting
    Capabilities: [13c] Device Serial Number 00-00-10-dd-b1-ef-65-21
    Capabilities: [150] Power Budgeting <?>
    Capabilities: [160] Virtual Channel
    Capabilities: [1b0] Latency Tolerance Reporting
    Kernel driver in use: tg3
    Kernel modules: tg3

现在，如果我打开连接的设备，肯定enp1s0f0会出现：

2: enp1s0f0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state UP mode DEFAULT group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 10:dd:b1:ef:65:21 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

但此时它没有用——DHCP 服务器将无法工作，因为它enp1s0f0在启动时无法启动。我需要enp1s0f0在启动过程中启动和配置，我认为这是静态 IP 配置的重点。更奇怪的是它总是有一个 IPv6 地址，即使它关闭了：

2: enp1s0f0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc mq state DOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 10:dd:b1:ef:65:21 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet6 fe80::12dd:b1ff:feef:6521/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

如果我检查 Netplan 的调试输出，我会看到：

$ sudo netplan --debug apply
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.253: Processing input file //etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml..
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: starting new processing pass
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: wlp2s0: adding wifi AP 'Jeff Winger's Wireless Hairbrush'
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: wlp2s0: setting default backend to 1
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: enp1s0f0: setting default backend to 1
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: Generating output files..
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: wlp2s0: Creating wpa_supplicant configuration file run/netplan/wpa-wlp2s0.conf
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: Creating wpa_supplicant service enablement link /run/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/[email protected]
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: NetworkManager: definition wlp2s0 is not for us (backend 1)
** (generate:1555): DEBUG: 20:39:27.254: NetworkManager: definition enp1s0f0 is not for us (backend 1)
DEBUG:netplan generated networkd configuration exists, restarting networkd
DEBUG:no netplan generated NM configuration exists
DEBUG:replug enp1s0f0: unbinding 0000:01:00.0 from /sys/bus/pci/drivers/tg3
DEBUG:replug enp1s0f0: rebinding 0000:01:00.0 to /sys/bus/pci/drivers/tg3
DEBUG:device wlp2s0 operstate is up, not replugging
DEBUG:netplan triggering .link rules for wlp2s0
DEBUG:device lo operstate is unknown, not replugging
DEBUG:netplan triggering .link rules for lo

我的配置isc-dhcp-server是/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server包含：

INTERFACESv4="enp1s0f0"

...并/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf包含（除其他外）：

subnet 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
...
}

理论上，这应该服务于 DHCP over enp1s0f0。但是，由于enp1s0f0从未启动，DHCP 服务器无法启动：

No subnet declaration for enp1s0f0 (no IPv4 addresses).
** Ignoring requests on enp1s0f0.  If this is not what
   you want, please write a subnet declaration
   in your dhcpd.conf file for the network segment
   to which interface enp1s0f0 is attached. **


Not configured to listen on any interfaces!

这不是问题ifupdown（我不知道为什么enp1s0f0不只是在启动期间出现，无论电缆的另一端是否有任何东西；我认为这就是拥有静态 IP 的全部意义）。是否有可能让它在 Netplan 中工作？或者是否可以让 DHCP 服务器在启动时enp1s0f0启动？

Philippe Gachoud

Asked: 2015-11-11 00:44:12 +0800 CST

isc_dhcp_server 启动错误：`dhcpd：无法创建 PID 文件 /run/dhcp-server/dhcpd.pid：权限被拒绝。`

3

dhcpd: Can't create PID file /run/dhcp-server/dhcpd.pid: Permission denied.service isc-dhcp-server start在Ubuntu 15.10 上启动 isc_dhcp_server 时在 /var/log/syslog中错误报告这里的包版本是4.3.1-5ubuntu3

处理命令dhcpd -user dhcpd -group dhcpd -f -4 -pf /run/dhcp-server/dhcpd.pid -cf /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf eth0来自/etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server文件

user@host: /$ cat /etc/init.d/isc-dhcp-server                
#!/bin/sh
#
#

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          isc-dhcp-server
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $network $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $network $syslog
# Should-Start:      $local_fs slapd $named
# Should-Stop:       $local_fs slapd
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: DHCP server
# Description:       Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server
### END INIT INFO

PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin

test -f /usr/sbin/dhcpd || exit 0

DHCPD_DEFAULT="${DHCPD_DEFAULT:-/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server}"

# It is not safe to start if we don't have a default configuration...
if [ ! -f "$DHCPD_DEFAULT" ]; then
        echo "$DHCPD_DEFAULT does not exist! - Aborting..."
        if [ "$DHCPD_DEFAULT" = "/etc/default/isc-dhcp-server" ]; then
                echo "Run 'dpkg-reconfigure isc-dhcp-server' to fix the problem."
        fi
        exit 0
fi

. /lib/lsb/init-functions

# Read init script configuration
[ -f "$DHCPD_DEFAULT" ] && . "$DHCPD_DEFAULT"

NAME=dhcpd
DESC="ISC DHCP server"
# fallback to default config file
DHCPD_CONF=${DHCPD_CONF:-/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf}
# try to read pid file name from config file, with fallback to /var/run/dhcpd.pid
if [ -z "$DHCPD_PID" ]; then
        DHCPD_PID=$(sed -n -e 's/^[ \t]*pid-file-name[ \t]*"(.*)"[ \t]*;.*$/\1/p' < "$DHCPD_CONF" 2>/dev/null | head -n 1)
fi
DHCPD_PID="${DHCPD_PID:-/var/run/dhcpd.pid}"

test_config()
{
        if ! /usr/sbin/dhcpd -t $OPTIONS -q -cf "$DHCPD_CONF" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
                echo "dhcpd self-test failed. Please fix $DHCPD_CONF."
                echo "The error was: "
                /usr/sbin/dhcpd -t $OPTIONS -cf "$DHCPD_CONF"
                exit 1
        fi
        touch /var/lib/dhcp/dhcpd.leases
}

# single arg is -v for messages, -q for none
check_status()
{
    if [ ! -r "$DHCPD_PID" ]; then
        test "$1" != -v || echo "$NAME is not running."
        return 3
    fi
    if read pid < "$DHCPD_PID" && ps -p "$pid" > /dev/null 2>&1; then
        test "$1" != -v || echo "$NAME is running."
        return 0
    else
        test "$1" != -v || echo "$NAME is not running but $DHCPD_PID exists."
        return 1
    fi
}

case "$1" in
        start)
                test_config
                log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
                start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile "$DHCPD_PID" \
                        --exec /usr/sbin/dhcpd -- \
                        -q $OPTIONS -cf "$DHCPD_CONF" -pf "$DHCPD_PID" $INTERFACES
                sleep 2

                if check_status -q; then
                        log_end_msg 0
                else
                        log_failure_msg "check syslog for diagnostics."
                        log_end_msg 1
                        exit 1
                fi
                ;;
        stop)
                log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
                start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile "$DHCPD_PID"
                log_end_msg $?
                rm -f "$DHCPD_PID"
                ;;
        restart | force-reload)
                test_config
                $0 stop
                sleep 2
                $0 start
                if [ "$?" != "0" ]; then
                        exit 1
                fi
                ;;
        status)
                echo -n "Status of $DESC: "
                check_status -v
                exit "$?"
                ;;
        *)
                echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|force-reload|status}"
                exit 1 
esac

exit 0

Bahram

Asked: 2014-06-26 10:48:20 +0800 CST

isc-dhcp-server 无法启动

-2

我安装了 dhcp3-server ，现在我想启动它的服务，它说： [FAIL] Starting ISC DHCP server: dhcpd[....] check syslog for diagnostics. ... failed! failed! 我检查 ps aux | grep dhcp 显示：

root 6178 0.0 0.0 9956 3708 ? S 23:06 0:00 /sbin/dhclient -d -4 -sf /usr/lib/NetworkManager/nm-dhcp-client.action -pf /var/run/dhclient-wlan0.pid -lf /var/lib/dhcp/dhclient-eee3fc61-32c1-4aa7-b189-94556369eac2-wlan0.lease -cf /var/run/nm-dhclient-wlan0.conf wlan0 root 6418 0.0 0.0 7764 860 pts/0 R+ 23:13 0:00 grep dhcp

dhcpd.conft 就像默认设置一样，在此之前我试图在我的 at0 上实现一个 dhcp 服务器，但我做不到。如果需要一个细节刚刚说。`我试图删除它但是：

[FAIL] Stopping ISC DHCP server: dhcpd failed!

我不知道我现在能做什么？！我该如何解决？或删除它？

Enekk

Asked: 2010-09-28 11:23:23 +0800 CST

将服务器从 DHCP 切换到静态 IP

14

我正在运行 Ubuntu 10.04 服务器安装，我最近不得不将它从 DHCP 切换到静态 ip。我编辑了/etc/network/interfaces文件并切换了

iface eth0 inet dhcp

至

iface eth0 inet static  
address 192.168.1.167  
netmask 255.255.255.240  
network 192.168.1.160  
broadcast 192.168.1.175  
gateway 192.168.1.161

您会注意到 IP 有点奇怪。这是因为服务器现在位于专用于隔离特定服务器的特殊子网上。我还编辑了 resolv.conf 文件以包含正确的 DNS 服务器（包括一个 Google 的服务器，以防万一万一失败了）。

问题是，看似随机的机器将失去与外界对话的能力。我知道这台机器还在运行，但它的行为就像它根本没有网络一样。我认为部分问题是没有 DHCP 运行到该子网（也不会有），并且 dhclient 有时似乎仍在运行，这会导致某种冲突（不知道是什么），从而导致网络中断。但是，我不能删除 dhcp3-client 包，因为它还会导致 ubuntu-minimal 包被删除，这很糟糕。

那么，有什么想法吗？什么可能会调用 dhclient，我该怎么做才能阻止它运行？

连接 USB 转以太网适配器后执行操作

18.04 服务器 Systemd DHCP 在 DISCOVER 上挂起，dhclient 工作

为什么 Netplan/Networkd 没有启动静态以太网接口？

isc_dhcp_server 启动错误：`dhcpd：无法创建 PID 文件 /run/dhcp-server/dhcpd.pid：权限被拒绝。`

isc-dhcp-server 无法启动

将服务器从 DHCP 切换到静态 IP

如何运行 .sh 脚本？

如何安装 .tar.gz（或 .tar.bz2）文件？

如何列出所有已安装的软件包

无法锁定管理目录 (/var/lib/dpkg/) 是另一个进程在使用它吗？

问题[dhcpd](ubuntu)