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Rilcon42
Asked: 2016-10-12 08:06:50 +0800 CST

通过 bash 命令切换音频设备

  • 772

我正在尝试编写一个 bash 命令来在音频设备（不是不同的卡）之间切换。我找到了有关该主题的AskUbuntu 帖子，然后我开始在下面的列表中尝试每个输出设备，以确定哪个是我的扬声器，哪个是我的耳机。有没有更好的方法？

我尝试了什么：

pactl set-card-profile 0 output:hdmi-surround71

对于每个音频设备，从扬声器到耳机输出没有变化。

$ pacmd list-cards | grep output\:
        output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (priority 5400, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-surround: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 300, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-surround71: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 300, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output (priority 5200, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 100, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-stereo-extra2: Digital Stereo (HDMI 3) Output (priority 5200, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-surround-extra2: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3) Output (priority 100, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-surround71-extra2: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3) Output (priority 100, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-stereo-extra3: Digital Stereo (HDMI 4) Output (priority 5200, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-surround-extra3: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4) Output (priority 100, available: unknown)
        output:hdmi-surround71-extra3: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4) Output (priority 100, available: unknown)
    active profile: <output:hdmi-surround71>
        output:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Output (priority 6000, available: unknown)
        output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Duplex (priority 6060, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-21: Analog Surround 2.1 Output (priority 800, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-21+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 2.1 Output + Analog Stereo Input (priority 860, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-40: Analog Surround 4.0 Output (priority 700, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-40+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 4.0 Output + Analog Stereo Input (priority 760, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-41: Analog Surround 4.1 Output (priority 800, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-41+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 4.1 Output + Analog Stereo Input (priority 860, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-50: Analog Surround 5.0 Output (priority 700, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-50+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 5.0 Output + Analog Stereo Input (priority 760, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-51: Analog Surround 5.1 Output (priority 800, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-51+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 5.1 Output + Analog Stereo Input (priority 860, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-71: Analog Surround 7.1 Output (priority 700, available: unknown)
        output:analog-surround-71+input:analog-stereo: Analog Surround 7.1 Output + Analog Stereo Input (priority 760, available: unknown)
        output:iec958-stereo: Digital Stereo (IEC958) Output (priority 5500, available: unknown)
        output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (IEC958) Output + Analog Stereo Input (priority 5560, available: unknown)
    active profile: <output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
        iec958-stereo-output: Digital Output (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
$ pactl set-card-profile 0 output:hdmi-surround71

我的水槽：

$ pacmd list-sinks
2 sink(s) available.
  * index: 10
    name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_14.2.analog-stereo>
    driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
    flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
    state: RUNNING
    suspend cause: 
    priority: 9959
    volume: front-left: 50462 /  77% / -6.81 dB,   front-right: 50462 /  77% / -6.81 dB
            balance 0.00
    base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
    volume steps: 65537
    muted: no
    current latency: 23.16 ms
    max request: 4 KiB
    max rewind: 64 KiB
    monitor source: 11
    sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    channel map: front-left,front-right
                 Stereo
    used by: 1
    linked by: 1
    configured latency: 23.22 ms; range is 1.00 .. 371.52 ms
    card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_14.2>
    module: 7
    properties:
        alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
        device.api = "alsa"
        device.class = "sound"
        alsa.class = "generic"
        alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
        alsa.name = "ALC892 Analog"
        alsa.id = "ALC892 Analog"
        alsa.subdevice = "0"
        alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
        alsa.device = "0"
        alsa.card = "0"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA ATI SB"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA ATI SB at 0xfe200000 irq 16"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:14.2"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:14.2/sound/card0"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "1002"
        device.vendor.name = "Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD/ATI]"
        device.product.id = "4383"
        device.product.name = "SBx00 Azalia (Intel HDA)"
        device.form_factor = "internal"
        device.string = "front:0"
        device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
        device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
        device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
        device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
        device.profile.description = "Analog Stereo"
        device.description = "Built-in Audio Analog Stereo"
        alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC892"
        alsa.components = "HDA:10ec0892,1462f640,00100302"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    ports:
        analog-output-lineout: Line Out (priority 9900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
            properties:

        analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
    active port: <analog-output-headphones>
    index: 14
    name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_01_00.1.hdmi-stereo-extra1>
    driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
    flags: HARDWARE DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY DYNAMIC_LATENCY
    state: SUSPENDED
    suspend cause: IDLE 
    priority: 9050
    volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB,   front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
            balance 0.00
    base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0.00 dB
    volume steps: 65537
    muted: no
    current latency: 0.00 ms
    max request: 0 KiB
    max rewind: 0 KiB
    monitor source: 15
    sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
    channel map: front-left,front-right
                 Stereo
    used by: 0
    linked by: 0
    configured latency: 0.00 ms; range is 0.50 .. 371.52 ms
    card: 0 <alsa_card.pci-0000_01_00.1>
    module: 6
    properties:
        alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
        device.api = "alsa"
        device.class = "sound"
        alsa.class = "generic"
        alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
        alsa.name = "HDMI 1"
        alsa.id = "HDMI 1"
        alsa.subdevice = "0"
        alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
        alsa.device = "7"
        alsa.card = "1"
        alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
        alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xfe080000 irq 26"
        alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
        device.bus_path = "pci-0000:01:00.1"
        sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:02.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card1"
        device.bus = "pci"
        device.vendor.id = "10de"
        device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
        device.product.id = "0fbb"
        device.product.name = "GM204 High Definition Audio Controller"
        device.string = "hdmi:1,1"
        device.buffering.buffer_size = "65536"
        device.buffering.fragment_size = "32768"
        device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
        device.profile.name = "hdmi-stereo-extra1"
        device.profile.description = "Digital Stereo (HDMI 2)"
        device.description = "GM204 High Definition Audio Controller Digital Stereo (HDMI 2)"
        alsa.mixer_name = "Nvidia GPU 71 HDMI/DP"
        alsa.components = "HDA:10de0071,196e1131,00100100"
        module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
        device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
    ports:
        hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: yes)
            properties:
                device.icon_name = "video-display"
                device.product.name = "ASUS VH238
  "
    active port: <hdmi-output-1>
bash

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    来自@Julian 对 AskUbuntu关于更改音频接收器的评论：

    #!/bin/bash

SINK=`pacmd list-sinks | grep '  index' | cut -f6 -d' '`
pacmd set-default-sink ${SINK}
pacmd list-sink-inputs | grep index | while read line
do
pacmd move-sink-input `echo $line | cut -f2 -d' '` ${SINK}
done

    切换到最后一个未使用的输出。这应该足以在您的输入之间切换。

    • 3

  2. 我知道这不是您想要的答案，但测试表明，只需将一副耳机插入耳机插孔即可消除到扬声器插孔的任何输出。您可以通过如下所示的声音应用程序自行测试。运行它，拔下耳机，你会看到：

    无声耳机

    使用测试声音按钮确认您正在从扬声器中获得输出。

    然后插入耳机。您将看到它们自动突出显示，如下所示：

    声音耳机

    如果您现在突出显示先前选择的输出（在我的情况下为模拟输出）并重复测试声音过程，您将不会从扬声器中获得任何信息，因为插入耳机的行为会改变硬件级别的路线。这通常使用内部看起来像这样的开关接触连接器来完成。

    开关触点连接器

    插入插孔后，插孔中的“弹簧加载”连接器都连接到公插头，并在内部与扬声器断开连接。

    为了有任何机会这样做，您可能必须更换或修改耳机插孔，以确保插入时信号不会中断到扬声器。我不推荐这种做法，并且不会对您在尝试中对系统造成的任何损害负责。

    然后，您必须使用该find命令来确定更改声音应用程序输出所需的几秒钟内更改了哪些文件，并分析更改以获取有关如何通过 CLI 复制它们的线索。这部分未经测试，我根据手头的信息进行了总体假设。

    资料来源：

    测试

    http://www.instructables.com/answers/How-do-I-make-a-headphone-jack-cancel-the-output-o/

    • 0

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