如何将 Web 应用程序放入 Unity Launcher？

Question

user.dz

Asked: 2016-06-15 03:21:52 +0800 CST2016-06-15 03:21:52 +0800 CST 2016-06-15 03:21:52 +0800 CST

如何在 Python 中编写 Unity 系统指示器？

772

背景：

这不适用于application-indicators而是system-indicators。

图片来自：https ://wiki.ubuntu.com/DesktopExperienceTeam/ApplicationIndicators
目标是在 Greeter/Lock/Ubiquity 屏幕中显示指标系统监视器。有一个解决方法：

如何将 indicator-sysmonitor 作为登录屏幕上的默认指标

C原始代码：（工作正常）

我已经用 C 语言工作了，请参阅我的另一个问题：

如何为 Unity 开发系统指标？

但是，indicator-sysmonitor已经在 Python 中开发了许多其他应用程序指标。我不喜欢开发人员必须将他们的项目移植到 C 或编写 Python-C 代理的想法，如果他们想在欢迎/锁定/普遍性屏幕中显示指示器。相反，让 indicator-sysmonitor 直接从 python 创建一个系统指标将是最好的解决方案（没有变通方法，它将是当前使用 appindicator 的所有 python 项目的通用解决方案）。

Python 代码：（我尝试将 c 代码移植到 python 失败）

我正在努力将其移植到 Python 中。这是我当前不起作用的代码。它确实为菜单和操作创建 DBus 对象。它列在 XFCE 指标插件中。但没有显示在面板上。

/usr/lib/indicator-test/indicator-test-service

#!/usr/bin/python2

import os
import sys

import gi
from gi.repository import Gio, GLib

APPLICATION_ID = 'local.sneetsher.indicator.test'
DBUS_MENU_PATH = '/local/sneetsher/indicator/test/desktop'
DBUS_ACTION_PATH = '/local/sneetsher/indicator/test'

def callback():
    print ok

def quit_callback(notification, loop):
    global connection
    global exported_action_group_id
    global exported_menu_model_id

    connection.unexport_action_group (exported_action_group_id)
    connection.unexport_menu_model (exported_menu_model_id)

    loop.quit()

def cancel (notification, action, data):
    if action == "cancel":
        print "Cancel"
    else:
        print "That should not have happened (cancel)!"

def bus_acquired(bus, name):
    # menu
    submenu = Gio.Menu()
    submenu.append("Show", "show")
    item = Gio.MenuItem.new(None, "_header")
    item.set_attribute([("x-canonical-type","s","com.canonical.indicator.root")])
    item.set_submenu(submenu)
    menu = Gio.Menu()
    menu.append_item (item)

    actions = Gio.SimpleActionGroup.new()
    action1 = Gio.SimpleAction.new("_header", None)
    actions.insert(action1)
    action2 = Gio.SimpleAction.new('show', None)
    actions.insert(action2)
    action2.connect("activate",callback)

    global connection
    connection = bus

    global exported_action_group_id
    exported_action_group_id = connection.export_action_group(DBUS_ACTION_PATH, actions)

    global exported_menu_model_id
    exported_menu_model_id = connection.export_menu_model(DBUS_MENU_PATH, menu)

def setup ():
    #bus connection
    Gio.bus_own_name(Gio.BusType.SESSION, APPLICATION_ID, 0, bus_acquired, None, None)

if __name__ == '__main__':

    connection = None
    exported_menu_model_id = 0
    exported_action_group_id = 0
    password = ""

    loop = GLib.MainLoop()
    setup ()

    loop.run()

local.sneetsher.indicator.test

[Indicator Service]
Name=indicator-test
ObjectPath=/local/sneetsher/indicator/test

[desktop]
ObjectPath=/local/sneetsher/indicator/test/desktop

[desktop_greeter]
ObjectPath=/local/sneetsher/indicator/test/desktop

[desktop_lockscreen]
ObjectPath=/local/sneetsher/indicator/test/desktop

local.sneetsher.indicator.test.service

[D-BUS Service]
Name=local.sneetsher.indicator.test
Exec=/usr/lib/indicator-test/indicator-test-service

90_unity-greeter.gschema.override

[com.canonical.unity-greeter]
indicators=['ug-accessibility', 'com.canonical.indicator.keyboard', 'com.canonical.indicator.session', 'com.canonical.indicator.datetime', 'com.canonical.indicator.power', 'com.canonical.indicator.sound', 'local.sneetsher.indicator.test', 'application']

问题：

我期待原因，我没有像_header在原始 C 代码中那样创建菜单结构或其元（伪项，如）。

任何人都可以用 C 语言将此系统指标代码移植到 Python 吗？

2 个回答

Voted

Marto · Answer 1 · 2020-11-14T04:35:15+08:00

我刚刚上传了一个从@user.dz C 示例移植的原始“工作”Python 示例。这是源代码存储库：

github.com/marto-ales/systemindicator

我会随时更新它，但欢迎任何贡献。

感谢您提供有用的信息！

移植主脚本的源代码。注意：这是初始副本，因为将来链接可能会断开。有关完整的软件包和最后一次更新，请点击上面的链接。

#!/usr/bin/python3
import sys
import os
import logging
import logging.handlers
logger = logging.getLogger('LoginHelper')
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
handler = logging.handlers.SysLogHandler(address = '/dev/log')
logger.addHandler(handler)
logger.debug("Login-Helper: Start")
os.environ["DISPLAY"] = ":0"

import gi
gi.require_version('Gtk', '3.0')
from gi.repository import Gtk
from gi.repository import Gio
from gi.repository import GLib


class LoginHelperIndicator():

  def __init__(self, dbus_name, dbus_path):
    self.dbus_name = dbus_name
    self.dbus_path = dbus_path
    self.actions = Gio.SimpleActionGroup()
    self.menu = Gio.Menu()
    self.actions_export_id = 0
    self.menu_export_id = 0



  def activate_about (self, action, parameter):
    # gtk_show_about_dialog(NULL,
    #                       "program-name", PROJECT_NAME,
    #                       "title", "About " PROJECT_NAME,
    #                       "version", PROJECT_VERSION_MAJOR "." PROJECT_VERSION_MINOR,
    #                       "license_type", GTK_LICENSE_GPL_3_0,
    #                       "wrap_license", TRUE,
    #                       "website", "https://github.com/sneetsher/mysystemindicator",
    #                       "website_label", "https://github.com/sneetsher/mysystemindicator",
    #                       "logo_icon_name", "indicator-" SHORT_NAME,
    #                       NULL);
    # g_message ("showing about dialog");
    pass

  def activate_private (self, action, parameter):
    #g_message ("clicked private menu entry");
    pass

  def activate_exit (self, action, parameter):
    #g_message ("exit the program");
    Gtk.main_quit()

  def on_bus_acquired (self, connection, name):
    logger.debug ('Bus acquired: ' + str(connection))
    error = None
    item = Gio.MenuItem()
    submenu = Gio.Menu()

    action_state = GLib.Variant("a{sv}", {
      'label': GLib.Variant("s", "Login-helper"),
      'icon':  GLib.Variant("s", "indicator-loginhelper"),
      'accessible-desc': GLib.Variant("s", "Login Helper indicator")
    })
    self.actions.add_action(Gio.SimpleAction.new_stateful("_header", None, action_state))
    about_action = Gio.SimpleAction.new("about", None)
    about_action.connect("activate", self.activate_about)
    self.actions.add_action(about_action)
    private_action = Gio.SimpleAction.new("private", None)
    private_action.connect("activate", self.activate_private)
    self.actions.add_action(private_action)
    exit_action = Gio.SimpleAction.new("exit", None)
    exit_action.connect("activate", self.activate_exit)
    self.actions.add_action(exit_action)

    submenu.append("About", "indicator.about")
    submenu.append("Exit", "indicator.exit")
    item = Gio.MenuItem().new(None, "indicator._header")
    item.set_attribute_value("x-canonical-type", GLib.Variant("s", "com.canonical.indicator.root"))
    item.set_submenu(submenu)

    self.menu = Gio.Menu.new()
    self.menu.append_item(item)

    self.actions_export_id = connection.export_action_group(self.dbus_path, self.actions)
    if self.actions_export_id == 0:
      #g_warning ("cannot export action group: %s", error->message);
      #g_error_free (error);
      return

    self.menu_export_id = connection.export_menu_model(self.dbus_path + "/greeter", self.menu)
    if self.menu_export_id == 0:
      #g_warning ("cannot export menu: %s", error->message);
      #g_error_free (error);
      return


  def on_name_lost (self, connection, name):
    if self.actions_export_id:
      connection.unexport_action_group(self.actions_export_id)

    if (self.menu_export_id):
      connection.unexport_menu_model(self.menu_export_id)


if __name__ == '__main__':

  logger.debug('Login-Helper: Initializing Login Helper Indicator')

  res_gtk = Gtk.init(sys.argv)
  indicator = LoginHelperIndicator('com.canonical.indicator.loginhelper', '/com/canonical/indicator/loginhelper')

  logger.debug ('Login-Helper: Res_gtk: ' + str(res_gtk))
  res_own = Gio.bus_own_name(Gio.BusType.SESSION,
                indicator.dbus_name,
                Gio.BusNameOwnerFlags.NONE,
                indicator.on_bus_acquired,
                None,
                indicator.on_name_lost)
  logger.debug ('Login-Helper: Res_own: ' + str(res_own))

  Gtk.main()

  exit(0)

DCM · Answer 2 · 2020-11-20T17:51:44+08:00

系统指标服务

嗯，它真的比我预期的要简单。它没有特定的 API。因为它只是一个 GSimpleActionGroup & 并通过 DBus 导出了相应的 GMenu，所以使用放入的同名声明文件告知 Unity 它们的存在/usr/share/unity/indicators/。不需要任何其他库。

这是一个非常小的 C 语言示例：

tests/indicator-test-service.c从libindicator源获取副本

apt-get source libindicator
cp libindicator-*/tests/indicator-test-service.c .
cp libindicator-*/tests/com.canonical.indicator.test*

. 指标测试服务.c没有变化

**#include <gio/gio.h>

typedef struct
{
  GSimpleActionGroup *actions;
  GMenu *menu;

  guint actions_export_id;
  guint menu_export_id;
} IndicatorTestService;

static void
bus_acquired (GDBusConnection *connection,
              const gchar     *name,
              gpointer         user_data)
{
  IndicatorTestService *indicator = user_data;
  GError *error = NULL;

  indicator->actions_export_id = g_dbus_connection_export_action_group (connection,
                                                                        "/com/canonical/indicator/test",
                                                                        G_ACTION_GROUP (indicator->actions),
                                                                        &error);
  if (indicator->actions_export_id == 0)
    {
      g_warning ("cannot export action group: %s", error->message);
      g_error_free (error);
      return;
    }

  indicator->menu_export_id = g_dbus_connection_export_menu_model (connection,
                                                                   "/com/canonical/indicator/test/desktop",
                                                                   G_MENU_MODEL (indicator->menu),
                                                                   &error);
  if (indicator->menu_export_id == 0)
    {
      g_warning ("cannot export menu: %s", error->message);
      g_error_free (error);
      return;
    }
}

static void
name_lost (GDBusConnection *connection,
           const gchar     *name,
           gpointer         user_data)
{
  IndicatorTestService *indicator = user_data;

  if (indicator->actions_export_id)
    g_dbus_connection_unexport_action_group (connection, indicator->actions_export_id);

  if (indicator->menu_export_id)
    g_dbus_connection_unexport_menu_model (connection, indicator->menu_export_id);
}

static void
activate_show (GSimpleAction *action,
               GVariant      *parameter,
               gpointer       user_data)
{
  g_message ("showing");
}

int
main (int argc, char **argv)
{
  IndicatorTestService indicator = { 0 };
  GMenuItem *item;
  GMenu *submenu;
  GActionEntry entries[] = {
    { "_header", NULL, NULL, "{'label': <'Test'>,"
                             " 'icon': <'indicator-test'>,"
                             " 'accessible-desc': <'Test indicator'> }", NULL },
    { "show", activate_show, NULL, NULL, NULL }
  };
  GMainLoop *loop;

  indicator.actions = g_simple_action_group_new ();
  g_simple_action_group_add_entries (indicator.actions, entries, G_N_ELEMENTS (entries), NULL);

  submenu = g_menu_new ();
  g_menu_append (submenu, "Show", "indicator.show");
  item = g_menu_item_new (NULL, "indicator._header");
  g_menu_item_set_attribute (item, "x-canonical-type", "s", "com.canonical.indicator.root");
  g_menu_item_set_submenu (item, G_MENU_MODEL (submenu));
  indicator.menu = g_menu_new ();
  g_menu_append_item (indicator.menu, item);

  g_bus_own_name (G_BUS_TYPE_SESSION,
                  "com.canonical.indicator.test",
                  G_BUS_NAME_OWNER_FLAGS_NONE,
                  bus_acquired,
                  NULL,
                  name_lost,
                  &indicator,
                  NULL);

  loop = g_main_loop_new (NULL, FALSE);
  g_main_loop_run (loop);

  g_object_unref (submenu);
  g_object_unref (item);
  g_object_unref (indicator.actions);
  g_object_unref (indicator.menu);
  g_object_unref (loop);

  return 0;
}**

com.canonical.indicator.test修改为添加锁定和欢迎模式

[Indicator Service]
Name=indicator-test
ObjectPath=/com/canonical/indicator/test

[desktop]
ObjectPath=/com/canonical/indicator/test/desktop

[desktop_greeter]
ObjectPath=/com/canonical/indicator/test/desktop

[desktop_lockscreen]
ObjectPath=/com/canonical/indicator/test/desktop

com.canonical.indicator.test.service从文件名中删除 .in 后缀并更改可执行路径

[D-BUS Service]
Name=com.canonical.indicator.test
Exec=/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-test/indicator-test-service

编译它

gcc -o indicator-test-service indicator-test-service.c pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-3.0

手动安装

sudo su
mkdir /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-test/
cp indicator-test-service /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/indicator-test/
cp com.canonical.indicator.test /usr/share/unity/indicators/
cp com.canonical.indicator.test.service /usr/share/dbus-1/services/

Greeter 的配置，覆盖默认指标列表

90_unity-greeter.gschema.override

com.canonical.unity-greeter]
indicators=['ug-accessibility', 'com.canonical.indicator.keyboard', 'com.canonical.indicator.session', 'com.canonical.indicator.datetime', 'com.canonical.indicator.power', 'com.canonical.indicator.sound', 'com.canonical.indicator.test', 'application']

安装

cp 90_unity-greeter.gschema.override /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/
glib-compile-schemas /usr/share/glib-2.0/schemas/

测试

sudo service lightdm restart

如果您希望用户能够随时关闭应用程序，请注意DBus 服务很麻烦。最好使用自动启动，就像默认指标一样。

我在这里上传了准备好的文件：

https://github.com/sneetsher/mysystemindicator_minimum

以及此处的修改副本：

https://github.com/sneetsher/mysystemindicator

我尝试过不同模式的不同菜单。它可以快速安装和测试。

这似乎太简单了，可以很容易地移植到任何其他支持 GIO Gnome lib（包括 DBus）的语言。由于我正在寻找python，我可能会在稍后添加它。

参考： libindicator README：指标服务文件格式https://bazaar.launchpad.net/~indicator-applet-developers/libindicator/trunk.14.04/view/head:/README

如何在 Python 中编写 Unity 系统指示器？

背景：

C原始代码：（工作正常）

Python 代码：（我尝试将 c 代码移植到 python 失败）

问题：

如何运行 .sh 脚本？

如何安装 .tar.gz（或 .tar.bz2）文件？

如何列出所有已安装的软件包

无法锁定管理目录 (/var/lib/dpkg/) 是另一个进程在使用它吗？

如何在 Python 中编写 Unity 系统指示器？

背景：

C原始代码：（工作正常）

Python 代码：（我尝试将 c 代码移植到 python 失败）

问题：

2 个回答

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