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Silicomancer
Asked: 2015-10-11 11:52:31 +0800 CST

在不退出终端的情况下退出错误处理函数中的 shell 脚本

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我正在写一个 shell 脚本。该 shell 脚本在bash终端内的 shell 中执行。它包含一个中央错误处理函数。请参阅以下基本演示片段：

function error_exit
{
   echo "Error: ${1:-"Unknown Error"}" 1>&2
   exit 1 # This unfortunately also exits the terminal
}

# lots of lines possibly calling error_exit
cd somewhere || error_exit "cd failed"
rm * || error_exit "rm failed"
# even more lines possibly calling error_exit

错误处理函数应该结束脚本但不应该结束终端。我怎样才能做到这一点？

bash

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    使用bash的trap内置命令在脚本退出时生成一个bash实例：

    trap 'bash' EXIT

    来自help trap:

    trap: trap [-lp] [[arg] signal_spec ...]
    Trap signals and other events.

    Defines and activates handlers to be run when the shell receives signals
    or other conditions.

    ARG is a command to be read and executed when the shell receives the
    signal(s) SIGNAL_SPEC.  If ARG is absent (and a single SIGNAL_SPEC
    is supplied) or `-', each specified signal is reset to its original
    value.  If ARG is the null string each SIGNAL_SPEC is ignored by the
    shell and by the commands it invokes.

    If a SIGNAL_SPEC is EXIT (0) ARG is executed on exit from the shell.

    所以通过运行trap 'bash' EXIT，bash将在 shell 接收到信号 EXIT 时读取并执行；产生一个交互式 shell 必然会产生阻止终端关闭的效果：

    function error_exit
{
   echo "Error: ${1:-"Unknown Error"}" 1>&2
   exit 1 # This unfortunately also exits the terminal
}

trap 'bash' EXIT
# lots of lines possibly calling error_exit
cd somewhere || error_exit "cd failed"
rm * || error_exit "rm failed"
# even more lines possibly calling error_exit
    • 2

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