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snoop
Asked: 2014-12-24 06:12:14 +0800 CST

如何使用 sed 查找 2 个模式之间的字符串？

  • 772

我有这样的文件内容：

aaa accounting exec ...
aaa accounting exec ...
aaa accounting commands ..
aaa accounting commands ..
aaa accounting commands ..
aaa accounting commands ..
aaa accounting commands ..
aaa accounting commands ..
aaa accounting network ..
aaa accounting connection ..
aaa accounting system ..
!
aaa accounting exec default
 action-type start-only
 group tacacs+
!
aaa accounting exec default stop-only group tacacs+

输出应该是这样的：

aaa accounting exec default ..
aaa accounting exec default
 action-type start-only
 group tacacs+
!
aaa accounting exec default ..

我试过以下sed命令：

sed -n '/aaa accounting exec default/,/!/p' AboveFileContent.txt

但这不是我想要的。

解决方案是什么？我也尝试过使用awk但同样的结果即将到来。获得准确输出的命令是什么？

sed

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    我会为此使用 awk：

    awk '
    /aaa accounting exec default/ {print; exec=1; next} 
    exec {
        if (/^ /) {print; next} else if (/^!/) {print}
        exec=0
    }
' filename

    传递模式，使用 awk 的-v选项，然后是模式匹配运算符~：

    awk -v patt='aaa accounting exec default' '
    $0 ~ patt {print; exec=1; next} 
    exec {
        if (/^ /) {print; next} else if (/^!/) {print}
        exec=0
    }
' filename
    • 2

  2. 您正在尝试以以下形式构建数据：

    aaa ...
 ...
 ...
!

    您需要sed意识到缩进块很重要。一种粗略的方法可能是在中编写一个循环sed：

    sed -n '
# Create a label named 'start'
:start
# If the line matches the beginning of a block, 
# jump (branch) to the label named section
/aaa accounting exec default/ b section
# If we didn't branch, get the next line
n
# Jump back to the start label
b start
# The label named section
:section
# print the line
p
n
# Keep looping to section for the lines we need
/^ /,/!/ b section
# If we don't have any more lines to loop on, 
# jump back to the beginning
b start
'

    在一行中：

    $ sed -n ':start; /aaa accounting exec default/ b section; n; b start; :section; p; n; /^ /, /!/ b section; b start' test.txt
aaa accounting exec default start-stop group tacacs+
aaa accounting exec default
 action-type start-only
 group tacacs+
!
aaa accounting exec default stop-only group tacacs+

    我猜可以使用awk,perl或以更具可读性的方式完成。python

    • 0

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