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Question

floogy

Asked: 2024-10-17 07:27:02 +0800 CST2024-10-17 07:27:02 +0800 CST 2024-10-17 07:27:02 +0800 CST

由于 usrmerge 和 Smartmatch，do-release-grade 失败

772

我无法从 22.04 升级到 24.04.1，因为 do-release-upgrade 停止并且声称 usr 未合并。

但是如果我以 root 身份运行 usrmerge，它会出现一条消息，表明已成功合并 usr。

但还是有错误。我以为它可能会以 exit 1 退出，但事实似乎并非如此。echo $? 返回 0。

我创建了一个包装脚本，它调用 usrmerge 并以 0 退出。但 do-release-upgrade 仍然失败，声称 usr 未合并，我应该安装包 usrmerge 来解决这个问题。

$ sudo LANG=C do-release-upgrade
  Checking for a new Ubuntu release

  = Welcome to Ubuntu 24.04 LTS 'Noble Numbat' =
   
  [...]
  
  Reading state information... Done

  Cannot upgrade system with unmerged /usr 

  Please install the usrmerge package to fix this, and then try the 
  upgrade again. 


  Restoring original system state

  Aborting
  Reading package lists... Done    
  Building dependency tree... Done 
  Reading state information... Done
  === Command detached from window (Thu Oct 17 23:28:58 2024) ===
  === Command terminated with exit status 1 (Thu Oct 17 23:29:08      2024) ===

我编写了一个包装脚本，但是它像原始脚本一样返回 0，尽管原始脚本在第 172 行的 Smartmatch 上发出了警告。

$ sudo cat /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge
#!/bin/bash
/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge_bin 2> /dev/null
exit 0

运行包装器

$ sudo LANG=C /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge
The system has been successfully converted.

直接运行 usrmerge 脚本

$ sudo LANG=C /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge_bin
  Smartmatch is experimental at /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge_bin line 172.
  The system has been successfully converted.
$ echo $?
  0

$ LANG=C apt policy usrmerge
usrmerge:
  Installed: 25ubuntu2
  Candidate: 25ubuntu2
  Version table:
 *** 25ubuntu2 500
        500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main amd64  Packages
        500 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy/main i386 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status

$ sudo LANG=C sha1sum /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge_bin
ddc18b09fdc448c2d8aa2c94669501500482388e  /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge_bin
$ sudo LANG=C cat -n /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge_bin | egrep '^[[:space:]]*172'
   172      if (-e "/usr$n" && $n ~~ @generated_files) {
$ sudo LANG=C cat -n /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge_bin | egrep -C10 '^[[:space:]]*172'
   162          fatal("Both $n and /usr$n exist");
   163      }
   164  
   165      # generated files
   166      # if it was already re-generated in the new place, clear the legacy location
   167      # Origin of generated files:
   168      # /lib/udev/hwdb.bin -> 'systemd-hwdb --usr update'
   169      my @generated_files = qw(
   170          /lib/udev/hwdb.bin
   171      );
   172      if (-e "/usr$n" && $n ~~ @generated_files) {
   173          rm('-f', "$n");
   174          return;
   175      }
   176  
   177      fatal("$n is a directory and /usr$n is not")
   178          if -d $n and -e "/usr$n";
   179      fatal("/usr$n is a directory and $n is not")
   180          if -d "/usr$n";
   181      fatal("Both $n and /usr$n exist")
   182          if -e "/usr$n";

以下是 strace 输出 https://pastebin.ubuntu.com/p/c3wghnxPJ7/

我编辑了 convert-usrmerge 以避免出现警告，它有效

use lib "/usr/lib/usrmerge/lib";
use warnings;

# https://www.reddit.com/r/perl/comments/60b3tr/ how_to_suppress_experimental_warning_for/
# to solve https://askubuntu.com/questions/1530232/do-release-upgrade-fails-due-to-usrmerge-and-smartmatch
no if $] >= 5.018, warnings =>  "experimental::smartmatch";
use feature "switch";

use strict;
use autodie;

但不幸的是，它并没有解决 do-release-upgrade 声称 usr 没有合并并对此抱怨并且没有启动升级过程的问题。

因此 Smartmatch 似乎不是罪魁祸首。

我不知道如何调试 perlscript，但我还是发布了我的尝试：

$ sudo LANG=C perl -d /usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge

Loading DB routines from perl5db.pl version 1.60
Editor support available.

Enter h or 'h h' for help, or 'man perldebug' for more help.

main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:27):
27: my $Debug = 1;
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:28):
28: my $Program_RC = 0;
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:30):
30: check_free_space();
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:32):
32: go_faster();
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:35):
35: $SIG{__DIE__} = sub { fatal($_[0]); };
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:38):
38:     foreach my $name (early_conversion_files()) {
  DB<1> n
    main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:38):
38:     foreach my $name (early_conversion_files()) {
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:43):
43:     my @dirs = directories_to_merge();
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:46):
46:     foreach my $dir (@dirs) {
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:47):
47:         mkdir("/usr$dir") if not -e "/usr$dir";
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:47):
47:         mkdir("/usr$dir") if not -e "/usr$dir";
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:47):
47:         mkdir("/usr$dir") if not -e "/usr$dir";
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:47):
47:         mkdir("/usr$dir") if not -e "/usr$dir";
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:47):
47:         mkdir("/usr$dir") if not -e "/usr$dir";
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:47):
47:         mkdir("/usr$dir") if not -e "/usr$dir";
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:50):
50:     my @later;
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:51):
51:     my $rule = File::Find::Rule->mindepth(1)->maxdepth(1)->start(@dirs);
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:52):
52:     while (defined (my $name = $rule->match)) {
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:58):
58:     convert_file($_) foreach @later;
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:60):
60:     verify_links_only($_) foreach @dirs;
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:62):
62:     convert_directory($_) foreach @dirs;
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:64):
64:     exit($Program_RC) if $Program_RC;
  DB<1> n
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:65):
65:     print "The system has been successfully converted.\n";
  DB<1> n
The system has been successfully converted.
main::(/usr/lib/usrmerge/convert-usrmerge:66):
66:     exit;
  DB<1> n
Debugged program terminated.  Use q to quit or R to restart,
use o inhibit_exit to avoid stopping after program termination,
h q, h R or h o to get additional info.
  DB<1> q

据我所知 usr 已经合并

    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root    root           7 Jun 24  2022  bin -> usr/bin
    drwxr-xr-x  44 root    root        4096 Okt 16 11:59  boot
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root    root        4096 Okt  2  2012  cdrom
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root    root        4096 Okt 31  2019  custom
    drwxr-xr-x  22 root    root        5720 Okt 17 23:14  dev
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root    root        4096 Aug 29  2021  dracut
    drwxr-xr-x 244 root    root       20480 Okt 17 23:13  etc
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root    root        4096 Dez 19  2019  export
    drwxr-xr-x   6 root    root        4096 Okt 30  2012  export_ofs
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root    root        4096 Okt  2  2012  home
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root    root        4096 Jan 19  2020  images
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root    root           8 Mai  6 15:35  lib -> /usr/lib
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root    root           9 Jun 24  2022  lib32 -> usr/lib32
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root    root           9 Jun 24  2022  lib64 -> usr/lib64
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root    root          36 Mär 30  2014  libnss3.so -> /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libnss3.so
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root    root        4096 Mai  5 01:02  lib-rootfolder
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root    root          10 Jun 24  2022  libx32 -> usr/libx32
    drwx------   2 root    root       16384 Sep 30  2012  lost+found
    drwxr-xr-x   4 root    root        4096 Jul  2  2022  media
    drwxr-xr-x   8 root    root        4096 Feb 22  2022  mnt
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root    root        4096 Okt 31  2012  net
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root    root        4096 Jan 19  2020  NST
    drwxr-xr-x   5 root    root        4096 Jun 24  2022  opt
    dr-xr-xr-x 413 root    root           0 Okt 17 23:14  proc
    drwx------  17 root    root        4096 Okt 18 14:34  root
    drwxr-xr-x  51 root    root        1560 Okt 18 00:00  run
    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root    root           8 Jun 24  2022  sbin -> usr/sbin
    drwxr-xr-x  38 root    root        4096 Aug 10 17:54  snap
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root    root        4096 Apr 25  2012  srv
    dr-xr-xr-x  13 root    root           0 Okt 17 23:14  sys
    drwxrwxrwt  26 root    root       12288 Okt 18 14:45  tmp
    drwxr-xr-x  17 root    root        4096 Jun 24  2022  usr
    drwxr-xr-x  15 root    root        4096 Jun  3  2018  var
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root    root        4096 Sep  2  2020  zfspool
    $ ls -l /usr
    insgesamt 324
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root 135168 Okt 17 23:13 bin
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   4096 Okt 17 23:09 games
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root root   4096 Jun 24  2022 i686-w64-mingw32
    drwxr-xr-x 105 root root  20480 Okt 14 14:33 include
    drwxr-xr-x 203 root root  57344 Okt 16 12:33 lib
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root root   4096 Jun 26 15:18 lib32
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root root   4096 Jun 26 15:18 lib64
    drwxr-xr-x  32 root root  12288 Okt 14 14:34 libexec
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root   4096 Jun 24  2022 libx32
    drwxr-xr-x  12 root root   4096 Mai 21  2022 local
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root root   4096 Jul 31  2016 locale
    drwxr-xr-x   2 root root  32768 Okt 16 11:59 sbin
    drwxr-xr-x 555 root root  20480 Okt 17 23:09 share
    drwxr-xr-x  19 root root   4096 Okt 16 11:50 src
    drwxr-xr-x   3 root root   4096 Jun 24  2022 x86_64-w64-mingw32

我希望有人知道解决方法。

我只看到手动更新我的 sources.list 并进行升级而没有 do-release-upgrade，因为 usrmerge 说 usr 已成功转换而 do-release-upgrade 说相反，我不明白为什么。

短暂性脑缺血发作

弗洛吉

1 个回答

Voted

Marius Gedminas · Answer 1 · 2024-10-18T21:42:53+08:00

您的ls -la /显示/lib是一个绝对符号链接：

    lrwxrwxrwx   1 root    root           8 Mai  6 15:35  lib -> /usr/lib

我查看了 24.04 特定的升级工具中的代码（http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/noble-updates/main/dist-upgrader-all/current/noble.tar.gz，其网址为https://changelogs.ubuntu.com/meta-release-lts），它期望合并的 /usr 系统具有 /lib 作为相对符号链接usr/lib：

    def _test_and_fail_on_unmerged_usr(self):
        """
        LP: #2058648
        """
        fail = False

        logging.debug('Checking that system is /usr-merged')

        for d in ('/bin', '/sbin', '/lib'):
            try:
                if os.readlink(d) != f'usr{d}':
                    # The file is a symlink, but it's pointing to the wrong
                    # place?
                    fail = True
                    break

如果您将 /lib 符号链接替换为相对链接，则应该能够执行升级：

sudo ln -sfn usr/lib /lib

此外，我会报告一个错误，因为我认为升级工具应该在这里接受绝对符号链接。

由于 usrmerge 和 Smartmatch，do-release-grade 失败

如何运行 .sh 脚本？

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由于 usrmerge 和 Smartmatch，do-release-grade 失败

1 个回答

相关问题

如何运行 .sh 脚本？

如何安装 .tar.gz（或 .tar.bz2）文件？

如何列出所有已安装的软件包

无法锁定管理目录 (/var/lib/dpkg/) 是另一个进程在使用它吗？