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Milch1998
Asked: 2024-08-12 04:41:54 +0800 CST

24.04 上的单 GPU 直通：启动虚拟机时什么也没有发生

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我对这一切都很陌生，并尝试设置具有单 GPU 直通功能的虚拟机。我的主机正在运行 Ubuntu 24.04，我正在尝试在 Virt-Manager 中设置 Windows 11 虚拟机。

我主要遵循 Youtube 上 SomeOrdinaryGamers 的教程并结合一些指南来使其适应 Ubuntu。

我已经在虚拟机中成功安装了 Win11，并设置了所有挂钩，但是，设置挂钩后，每当我尝试启动虚拟机时，什么都没有发生（没有错误消息，没有窗口出现并立即重新出现，也没有显示器变黑）。但是，下次我尝试重新启动或关闭主机时，它不会先关闭，而是先将我带到用户的登录屏幕（如果我登录，它会显示我的桌面，但没有打开任何程序）。几秒钟后，无论我是否登录，它都会进入典型的 ubuntu 关闭屏幕，并且无法真正关闭。它只是进入黑屏，然后我不得不按下机箱上的重置按钮。

尝试了一次后，我的机器就无法再启动了（只显示所有已启动服务的屏幕，旁边有一个“确定”），我不得不重新安装 Ubuntu（没问题 - 反正都是全新安装）

当我单独运行启动脚本时，它成功断开了我的监视器的连接。

如果效果更好的话，我也不反对尝试使用 Windows 10，但是我宁愿不要再花 6 个小时等待 Windows 在 VM 中安装，而只是为了得到相同的结果。

我的电脑有 Ryzen 9 3900X 和 RTX 3080 以及 32GB RAM，我正在单独硬盘上的 3TB 分区中安装 Windows。

我的脚本目前如下：

/etc/libvirt/hooks/kvm.conf

VIRSH_GPU_VIDEO=pci_0000_09_00_0
VIRSH_GPU_AUDIO=pci_0000_09_00_1

/etc/libvirt/钩子/qemu

#!/usr/bin/env bash
#
# Author: SharkWipf
#
# Copy this file to /etc/libvirt/hooks, make sure it's called "qemu".
# After this file is installed, restart libvirt.
# From now on, you can easily add per-guest qemu hooks.
# Add your hooks in /etc/libvirt/hooks/qemu.d/vm_name/hook_name/state_name.
# For a list of available hooks, please refer to https://www.libvirt.org/hooks.html
#

GUEST_NAME="$1"
HOOK_NAME="$2"
STATE_NAME="$3"
MISC="${@:4}"

BASEDIR="$(dirname $0)"

HOOKPATH="$BASEDIR/qemu.d/$GUEST_NAME/$HOOK_NAME/$STATE_NAME"

set -e # If a script exits with an error, we should as well.

# check if it's a non-empty executable file
if [ -f "$HOOKPATH" ] && [ -s "$HOOKPATH" ] && [ -x "$HOOKPATH" ]; then
    eval \"$HOOKPATH\" "$@"
elif [ -d "$HOOKPATH" ]; then
    while read file; do
        # check for null string
        if [ ! -z "$file" ]; then
          eval \"$file\" "$@"
        fi
    done <<< "$(find -L "$HOOKPATH" -maxdepth 1 -type f -executable -print;)"
fi

/etc/libvirt/hooks/qemu.d/win11/prepare/begin/start.sh

#!/bin/bash
# Helpful to read output when debugging
set -x

# load variables
source "/etc/libvirt/hooks/kvm.conf"

# Stop display manager
systemctl stop display-manager.service
# Uncomment the following line if you use GDM
killall gdm-x-session

# Unbind VTconsoles
echo 0 > /sys/class/vtconsole/vtcon0/bind
echo 0 > /sys/class/vtconsole/vtcon1/bind

# Unbind EFI-Framebuffer
echo efi-framebuffer.0 > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/efi-framebuffer/unbind

# Avoid a Race condition by waiting 2 seconds. This can be calibrated to be shorter or longer if required for your system
sleep 5

# Unload Nvidia
modprobe -r nvidia_drm
modprobe -r nvidia_modeset
modprobe -r drm_kms_helper
modprobe -r nvidia
modprobe -r i2c_nvidia_gpu
modprobe -r drm
modprobe -r nvidia_uvm

# Unbind the GPU from display driver
virsh nodedev-detach $VIRSH_GPU_VIDEO
virsh nodedev-detach $VIRSH_GPU_AUDIO

# Load VFIO Kernel Module
# not sure if these are with a - or an _ since i found both in different guides, so i tried using both
modprobe vfio
modprobe vfio-pci 
modprobe vfio_pci
modprobe vfio_iommu_type1
modprobe vfio-iommu-type1

/etc/libvirt/hooks/qemu.d/win11/release/end/revert.sh

#!/bin/bash
set -x

# Load variables
source "/etc/libvirt/hooks/kvm.conf"

# Attach GPU devices to host
# Use your GPU and HDMI Audio PCI host device
virsh nodedev-reattach $VIRSH_GPU_VIDEO
virsh nodedev-reattach $VIRSH_GPU_AUDIO

# Unload vfio module
# not sure if these are with a - or an _ since i found both in different guides, so i tried using both
modprobe -r vfio
modprobe -r vfio-pci
modprobe -r vfio_pci
modprobe -r vfio-iommu-type1
modprobe -r vfio_iommu_type1

# Load AMD kernel module
#modprobe amdgpu

# Rebind framebuffer to host
echo "efi-framebuffer.0" > /sys/bus/platform/drivers/efi-framebuffer/bind

# Load NVIDIA kernel modules
modprobe nvidia_drm
modprobe nvidia_modeset
modprobe nvidia_uvm
modprobe nvidia
modprobe drm
modprobe drm_kms_helper

# Bind VTconsoles: might not be needed
echo 1 > /sys/class/vtconsole/vtcon0/bind
echo 1 > /sys/class/vtconsole/vtcon1/bind

# Restart Display Manager
systemctl start display-manager

最后是 virt-manager 中的 XML：

<domain type="kvm">
  <name>win11</name>
  <uuid>d2bfd573-8485-43c9-88a8-957bfdfe88aa</uuid>
  <metadata>
    <libosinfo:libosinfo xmlns:libosinfo="http://libosinfo.org/xmlns/libvirt/domain/1.0">
      <libosinfo:os id="http://microsoft.com/win/11"/>
    </libosinfo:libosinfo>
  </metadata>
  <memory unit="KiB">28672000</memory>
  <currentMemory unit="KiB">28672000</currentMemory>
  <vcpu placement="static">20</vcpu>
  <os firmware="efi">
    <type arch="x86_64" machine="pc-q35-8.2">hvm</type>
    <firmware>
      <feature enabled="yes" name="enrolled-keys"/>
      <feature enabled="yes" name="secure-boot"/>
    </firmware>
    <loader readonly="yes" secure="yes" type="pflash">/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_CODE_4M.ms.fd</loader>
    <nvram template="/usr/share/OVMF/OVMF_VARS_4M.ms.fd">/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/nvram/win11_VARS.fd</nvram>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
    <hyperv mode="custom">
      <relaxed state="on"/>
      <vapic state="on"/>
      <spinlocks state="on" retries="8191"/>
      <vendor_id state="on" value="buttplug"/>
    </hyperv>
    <kvm>
      <hidden state="on"/>
    </kvm>
    <vmport state="off"/>
    <smm state="on"/>
  </features>
  <cpu mode="host-passthrough" check="none" migratable="on">
    <topology sockets="1" dies="1" cores="10" threads="2"/>
  </cpu>
  <clock offset="localtime">
    <timer name="rtc" tickpolicy="catchup"/>
    <timer name="pit" tickpolicy="delay"/>
    <timer name="hpet" present="no"/>
    <timer name="hypervclock" present="yes"/>
  </clock>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>restart</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <pm>
    <suspend-to-mem enabled="no"/>
    <suspend-to-disk enabled="no"/>
  </pm>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/bin/qemu-system-x86_64</emulator>
    <disk type="file" device="disk">
      <driver name="qemu" type="raw"/>
      <source file="/mnt/06a918ae-9833-4158-866d-f49b6587c64f/win11.img"/>
      <target dev="sda" bus="sata"/>
      <boot order="1"/>
      <address type="drive" controller="0" bus="0" target="0" unit="0"/>
    </disk>
    <disk type="file" device="cdrom">
      <driver name="qemu" type="raw"/>
      <source file="/mnt/06a918ae-9833-4158-866d-f49b6587c64f/Win11_23H2_English_x64v2.iso"/>
      <target dev="sdb" bus="sata"/>
      <readonly/>
      <boot order="2"/>
      <address type="drive" controller="0" bus="0" target="0" unit="1"/>
    </disk>
    <controller type="usb" index="0" model="qemu-xhci" ports="15">
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x02" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="0" model="pcie-root"/>
    <controller type="pci" index="1" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="1" port="0x10"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x0" multifunction="on"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="2" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="2" port="0x11"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x1"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="3" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="3" port="0x12"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x2"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="4" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="4" port="0x13"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x3"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="5" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="5" port="0x14"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x4"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="6" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="6" port="0x15"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x5"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="7" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="7" port="0x16"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x6"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="8" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="8" port="0x17"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x02" function="0x7"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="9" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="9" port="0x18"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x03" function="0x0" multifunction="on"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="10" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="10" port="0x19"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x03" function="0x1"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="11" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="11" port="0x1a"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x03" function="0x2"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="12" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="12" port="0x1b"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x03" function="0x3"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="13" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="13" port="0x1c"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x03" function="0x4"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="pci" index="14" model="pcie-root-port">
      <model name="pcie-root-port"/>
      <target chassis="14" port="0x1d"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x03" function="0x5"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="sata" index="0">
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1f" function="0x2"/>
    </controller>
    <controller type="virtio-serial" index="0">
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x03" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
    </controller>
    <interface type="network">
      <mac address="52:54:00:c0:59:8a"/>
      <source network="default"/>
      <model type="e1000e"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x01" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
    </interface>
    <serial type="pty">
      <target type="isa-serial" port="0">
        <model name="isa-serial"/>
      </target>
    </serial>
    <console type="pty">
      <target type="serial" port="0"/>
    </console>
    <channel type="spicevmc">
      <target type="virtio" name="com.redhat.spice.0"/>
      <address type="virtio-serial" controller="0" bus="0" port="1"/>
    </channel>
    <input type="tablet" bus="usb">
      <address type="usb" bus="0" port="1"/>
    </input>
    <input type="mouse" bus="ps2"/>
    <input type="keyboard" bus="ps2"/>
    <tpm model="tpm-crb">
      <backend type="emulator" version="2.0"/>
    </tpm>
    <graphics type="spice" autoport="yes">
      <listen type="address"/>
      <image compression="off"/>
    </graphics>
    <sound model="ich9">
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x1b" function="0x0"/>
    </sound>
    <audio id="1" type="spice"/>
    <video>
      <model type="qxl" ram="65536" vram="65536" vgamem="16384" heads="1" primary="yes"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x00" slot="0x01" function="0x0"/>
    </video>
    <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="usb" managed="yes">
      <source>
        <vendor id="0x046d"/>
        <product id="0xc07d"/>
      </source>
      <address type="usb" bus="0" port="4"/>
    </hostdev>
    <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="usb" managed="yes">
      <source>
        <vendor id="0x046d"/>
        <product id="0xc33e"/>
      </source>
      <address type="usb" bus="0" port="5"/>
    </hostdev>
    <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="usb" managed="yes">
      <source>
        <vendor id="0x1397"/>
        <product id="0x0507"/>
      </source>
      <address type="usb" bus="0" port="6"/>
    </hostdev>
    <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="pci" managed="yes">
      <source>
        <address domain="0x0000" bus="0x09" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
      </source>
      <rom file="/usr/share/vgabios/vbios.rom"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x05" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
    </hostdev>
    <hostdev mode="subsystem" type="pci" managed="yes">
      <source>
        <address domain="0x0000" bus="0x09" slot="0x00" function="0x1"/>
      </source>
      <rom file="/usr/share/vgabios/vbios.rom"/>
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x06" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
    </hostdev>
    <redirdev bus="usb" type="spicevmc">
      <address type="usb" bus="0" port="2"/>
    </redirdev>
    <redirdev bus="usb" type="spicevmc">
      <address type="usb" bus="0" port="3"/>
    </redirdev>
    <watchdog model="itco" action="reset"/>
    <memballoon model="virtio">
      <address type="pci" domain="0x0000" bus="0x04" slot="0x00" function="0x0"/>
    </memballoon>
  </devices>
</domain>

我希望这是发布此问题的正确地方，并且有比我更有经验的人可以帮助我找到我的问题

virtualization

2 个回答

  1. 您只有一个 GPU 吗？除非您通过 SSH 连接并禁用了 GUI，否则您需要为主机配备第二个 GPU。此外，您可能需要在 grub2 配置中隔离 GPU，以便主机不会尝试加载它。

    这里有一个很好的 22.04 教程（我认为与 24.04 非常相似）：https ://mathiashueber.com/passthrough-windows-11-vm-ubuntu-22-04/

    • 0
  2. Best Answer

    最终我自己成功解决了这个问题。如果其他人也遇到过这个问题，以下是我遇到过的方法：

    首先，我通过完全删除 /etc/libvirt/hooks 文件夹来删除我之前安装的所有钩子

    按照本指南中的第 1 步到第 6 步进行操作。请勿按照第 7 步进行操作： https://gitlab.com/risingprismtv/single-gpu-passthrough/-/wikis/home （因为我已经安装了虚拟机，所以我跳过了第 5 步）

    接下来按照本指南的自动安装（不要转到手动分支。它似乎已经过时了）： https://github.com/ilayna/Single-GPU-passthrough-amd-nvidia ?tab=readme-ov-file

    接下来，返回原始指南第 8 步。您应该按照指南中的说明删除 XML 块（可能需要启用 XML 编辑），并根据需要删除任何其他 XML 块（Virt-manager 可能会告诉您，如果没有 spice，则无法使用特定功能。删除它提到的块）

    接下来，按照指南中步骤 8b 的说明，在 XML 文件中添加和行<vendor_id state='on' value='123456789123'/>以及<ioapic driver='kvm'/>块<kvm> ... </kvm>（我没有在该步骤中执行其他操作）

    最后，我按照指南第 9 步的说明启用了 topoext

    这使我能够启动具有完全直通 GPU 的 VM（尽管 Windows 还需要大约 10 分钟的时间来安装驱动程序并检测两个显示器）。

    • 0

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