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mpboden
Asked: 2023-09-19 09:52:50 +0800 CST

为什么在取消压缩 squashfs 文件系统后，我会从任何命令收到“警告：无法打开目录”？

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我一直在尝试创建自定义 ISO 映像，并且取得了成功。然而，在这个过程中，我遇到了一个我不明白的情况。

我的系统是 Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS Desktop。

基本上，在我运行到一个目录，然后列出生成的squashfs-rootsudo unsquashfs ubuntu-server-minimal.squashfs目录所在的父目录的内容后，我收到以下内容和许多警告：

$ ls -l
total 2231416
dr-xr-xr-x  9 mike mike       4096 Aug  9 22:06 extracted-iso
drwxr-xr-x 18 root root       4096 Aug  9 17:20 squashfs-root
-rw-rw-r--  1 mike mike 2133391360 Sep 18 18:13 ubuntu-22.04.3-live-server-amd64.iso
-r--r--r--  1 mike mike  151560192 Sep 18 18:15 ubuntu-server-minimal.squashfs
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/polkit-1/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/snapd/void/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/log/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/pollinate/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/ldconfig/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/root/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/run/lock/lvm/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/run/lvm/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/etc/polkit-1/localauthority/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/etc/ssl/private/': Permission denied

这就是我感到困惑的地方。我知道squashfs-root归 root 所有，但每个人都对其具有读取权限。chroot其次，在创建进入squashfs-root时所需的各种安装后，警告数量会增加，如下所示：

mount --bind /etc/resolv.conf squashfs-root/etc/resolv.conf
mount -t proc none squashfs-root/proc
mount -t sysfs none squashfs-root/sys
mount -t devpts none squashfs-root/dev/pts

此外，这些警告现在出现在任何命令中，例如lsb_release -a和pwd：

$ lsb_release -a
No LSB modules are available.
Distributor ID: Ubuntu
Description:    Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS
Release:    20.04
Codename:   focal
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/polkit-1/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/snapd/void/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/log/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/pollinate/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/ldconfig/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/root/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/run/lock/lvm/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/run/lvm/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/etc/polkit-1/localauthority/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/etc/ssl/private/': Permission denied

$ pwd
/home/mike/custom-iso/iso
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/polkit-1/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/apt/lists/partial/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/lib/snapd/void/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/log/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/private/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/pollinate/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/var/cache/ldconfig/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/root/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/run/lock/lvm/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/run/lvm/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/etc/polkit-1/localauthority/': Permission denied
warning: could not open directory 'iso/squashfs-root/etc/ssl/private/': Permission denied
  • 如果我sudo su，所有警告都会消失。
  • 使用删除squashfs-rootsudo rm -fr squashfs-root后，所有警告都会消失。

那么这是怎么回事呢？为什么我会收到这些警告？又如何能够压制他们呢？我在这方面做错了什么吗unsquashfs？

更新：

作为测试，我在 VirtualBox 中创建了两个虚拟机，一个使用 Ubuntu 20.04.6 LTS Desktop，另一个使用 22.04.3 LTS Desktop。我下载了相同的 ISO，解压并解压了所有的 squashfs，就像以前一样到两个系统上。我在任一虚拟机中都没有收到任何警告。

因此，我当前的系统似乎存在问题，需要帮助进行故障排除。关于从哪里开始有什么想法吗？

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1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    我解决了这个问题。

    我意识到 的父目录iso/squashfs-root中有一个 Git 存储库，并且iso/squashfs-root没有添加到.gitignore文件中。因此，警告实际上来自 Git，而不是操作系统。所以我只是将此目录添加到.gitignore中，警告就消失了。

    • 0

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