我正在尝试从运行 ubuntu 22.04 的客户端使用 SSH 连接到远程服务器
服务器是 OVH ISP 的云实例，运行 ubuntu 23.04。
OVH 文档中提到：“您只能存储 RSA 和 ECDSA 加密密钥；目前不支持 ED25519。”。所以我按照他们的建议在我的客户端上创建了一个 RSA 密钥，使用：
ssh-keygen -b 4096，并将密钥复制到云实例服务器。
现在，当我尝试连接时，使用：
我得到：
The authenticity of host '135.125.94.203' can't be established. ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx. This key is not known by any other names Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])?
当我回答是时，我得到：[email protected]: Permission denied (publickey).
我阅读了不同的消息，但首先我不明白为什么提到 ED25519，因为我创建了一个 RSA 密钥。
PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes +ssh-rsa我试图在 /etc/ssh/sshd_config 的末尾添加：并重新启动 ssh，但它没有帮助。
下面是日志ssh -vvv [email protected]
OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.1, OpenSSL 3.0.2 15 Mar 2022
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 19: include /etc/ssh/ssh_config.d/*.conf matched no files
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 21: Applying options for *
debug2: resolve_canonicalize: hostname 135.125.94.203 is address
debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts' -> '/home/mp/.ssh/known_hosts'
debug3: expanded UserKnownHostsFile '~/.ssh/known_hosts2' -> '/home/mp/.ssh/known_hosts2'
debug3: ssh_connect_direct: entering
debug1: Connecting to 135.125.94.203 [135.125.94.203] port 22.
debug3: set_sock_tos: set socket 3 IP_TOS 0x10
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/mp/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.9p1 Ubuntu-3ubuntu0.1
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_9.0p1 Ubuntu-1ubuntu8
debug1: compat_banner: match: OpenSSH_9.0p1 Ubuntu-1ubuntu8 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug2: fd 3 setting O_NONBLOCK
debug1: Authenticating to 135.125.94.203:22 as 'ubuntu'
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ED25519 in file /home/mp/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys_file: loaded 1 keys from 135.125.94.203
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /home/mp/.ssh/known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug3: order_hostkeyalgs: have matching best-preference key type [email protected], using HostkeyAlgorithms verbatim
debug3: send packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug3: receive packet: type 20
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug2: local client KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,ext-info-c
debug2: host key algorithms: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],ssh-ed25519,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected],rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected],zlib
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug2: peer server KEXINIT proposal
debug2: KEX algorithms: [email protected],curve25519-sha256,[email protected],ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256
debug2: host key algorithms: rsa-sha2-512,rsa-sha2-256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ssh-ed25519
debug2: ciphers ctos: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: ciphers stoc: [email protected],aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,[email protected],[email protected]
debug2: MACs ctos: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: MACs stoc: [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1
debug2: compression ctos: none,[email protected]
debug2: compression stoc: none,[email protected]
debug2: languages ctos:
debug2: languages stoc:
debug2: first_kex_follows 0
debug2: reserved 0
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ssh-ed25519
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug3: send packet: type 30
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug3: receive packet: type 31
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY received
debug1: Server host key: ssh-ed25519 SHA256:78sCXM8oOJ0H7mq/mhlVw6N/iLgtGSf6ua3Fr91j0Lo
debug3: record_hostkey: found key type ED25519 in file /home/mp/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: load_hostkeys_file: loaded 1 keys from 135.125.94.203
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /home/mp/.ssh/known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts: No such file or directory
debug1: load_hostkeys: fopen /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts2: No such file or directory
debug1: Host '135.125.94.203' is known and matches the ED25519 host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/mp/.ssh/known_hosts:1
debug3: send packet: type 21
debug2: ssh_set_newkeys: mode 1
debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug3: receive packet: type 21
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug2: ssh_set_newkeys: mode 0
debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
debug1: get_agent_identities: bound agent to hostkey
debug1: get_agent_identities: agent returned 1 keys
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:k1ZxU52fxS6qcGnXNplNGShPZdv4aqFYR30JHvSoeeo agent
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_xmss
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_dsa
debug2: pubkey_prepare: done
debug3: send packet: type 5
debug3: receive packet: type 7
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<ssh-ed25519,[email protected],ssh-rsa,rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512,ssh-dss,ecdsa-sha2-nistp256,ecdsa-sha2-nistp384,ecdsa-sha2-nistp521,[email protected],[email protected]>
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: [email protected]=<0>
debug3: receive packet: type 6
debug2: service_accept: ssh-userauth
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug3: start over, passed a different list publickey
debug3: preferred gssapi-with-mic,publickey,keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_lookup publickey
debug3: remaining preferred: keyboard-interactive,password
debug3: authmethod_is_enabled publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:k1ZxU52fxS6qcGnXNplNGShPZdv4aqFYR30JHvSoeeo agent
debug3: send packet: type 50
debug2: we sent a publickey packet, wait for reply
debug3: receive packet: type 51
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug3: no such identity: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
debug3: no such identity: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug3: no such identity: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
debug3: no such identity: /home/mp/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_xmss
debug3: no such identity: /home/mp/.ssh/id_xmss: No such file or directory
debug1: Trying private key: /home/mp/.ssh/id_dsa
debug3: no such identity: /home/mp/.ssh/id_dsa: No such file or directory
debug2: we did not send a packet, disable method
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
[email protected]: Permission denied (publickey).`
当您第一次尝试连接到服务器或服务器的主机密钥已更改时，将显示“主机的真实性”消息。这用于防止 MITM 和类似的攻击。
此错误表示您的公钥未在服务器上获得授权。您的公钥必须附加到
~/.ssh/authorized_keys服务器上。详细日志确认您的密钥 (
/home/mp/.ssh/id_rsa) 未在服务器上获得授权。如果您没有其他方式访问服务器（例如通过 OVH 网站的在线终端）或使用密码 auth，或在恢复中启动（并授权您的密钥），那么您不太可能能够访问该服务器并且您可能有重新安装它。如果您可以访问它或在重新安装后，请确保在将密钥授权设置为访问您的服务器的唯一方式之前授权您的密钥。