如何重新安装声音驱动程序？

Question

Rob Decker

Asked: 2022-07-08 22:24:28 +0800 CST2022-07-08 22:24:28 +0800 CST 2022-07-08 22:24:28 +0800 CST

Ubuntu 20.04 正在耗尽戴尔 XPS 上的电池 - CPU 核心空闲状态未缩放频率

772

我在戴尔 XPS 9510 上运行带有最新更新的 Ubuntu 20.04，电池性能真的很差。在轻度使用（仅在简单网站上浏览网页）的情况下，我的电池续航时间最长约为 1 小时 30 小时，而在 Windows 下，笔记本电脑可以轻松达到 8 小时。差异是巨大的。

我检查了很多设置并安装了 TLP 以提高电池寿命而没有进行重大更改，但是我观察到一个奇怪的行为可能解释了这种高消耗。当核心处于空闲状态时，核心在负载下正确扩展时，频率会回到标称速度 (2,5Ghz) 而不是最低速度 (800Mhz)。

以下是一些输出：

    $ sudo tlp-stat -p
--- TLP 1.3.1 --------------------------------------------

+++ Processor
CPU model      = 11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i9-11900H @ 2.50GHz

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/scaling_driver   = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/scaling_driver   = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu12/cpufreq/scaling_driver   = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu12/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu12/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu12/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu12/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq =  4900000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu12/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu12/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu13/cpufreq/scaling_driver   = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu13/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu13/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu13/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu13/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq =  4900000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu13/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu13/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu14/cpufreq/scaling_driver   = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu14/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu14/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu14/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu14/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu14/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu14/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu15/cpufreq/scaling_driver   = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu15/cpufreq/scaling_governor = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu15/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu15/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu15/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu15/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu15/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4900000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4900000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/scaling_driver    = intel_pstate
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/scaling_governor  = powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/scaling_available_governors = performance powersave
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq  =   800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq  =  4800000 [kHz]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/energy_performance_preference = balance_power [HWP.EPP]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/energy_performance_available_preferences = default performance balance_performance balance_power power 

/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/min_perf_pct      =  16 [%]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/max_perf_pct      = 100 [%]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/no_turbo          =   0
/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/turbo_pct         =  57 [%]
/sys/devices/system/cpu/intel_pstate/num_pstates       =  41

/sys/module/workqueue/parameters/power_efficient       = Y
/proc/sys/kernel/nmi_watchdog                          = 0





$paste <(ls /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq) <(cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/*) | column -s $'\t' -t
affected_cpus                             0
base_frequency                            2500000
cpuinfo_max_freq                          4800000
cpuinfo_min_freq                          800000
cpuinfo_transition_latency                0
energy_performance_available_preferences  default performance balance_performance balance_power power 
energy_performance_preference             balance_power
related_cpus                              0
scaling_available_governors               performance powersave
scaling_cur_freq                          1103306
scaling_driver                            intel_pstate
scaling_governor                          powersave
scaling_max_freq                          4800000
scaling_min_freq                          800000
scaling_setspeed                          <unsupported>

$cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "^[c]pu MHz"
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 1070.651
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 1102.344
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000
cpu MHz     : 2500.000

1 个回答

Voted

Doug Smythies · Answer 1 · 2022-07-09T07:08:38+08:00

当命令cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep "^[c]pu MHz"在 CPU 空闲时列出 2500.000 时，它只是一个默认的基本频率打印出来，因为实际的 CPU 频率信息是陈旧的，并且内核不想唤醒睡眠中的 CPU 只是为了确定它的工作频率。

你可以看看/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq：

doug@s19:~$ uname -a
Linux s19 5.13.0-52-generic #59~20.04.1-Ubuntu SMP Thu Jun 16 21:21:28 UTC 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
doug@s19:~$ grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800217
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800279
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800004
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800193
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800290
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800143
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:801221
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800419
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800160
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800362
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800214

但是，从内核 5.19 开始，它的响应将更改为与 /proc/cpuinfo 相同：

doug@s19:~$ uname -a
Linux s19 5.19.0-rc5-stock #1072 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Mon Jul 4 07:58:15 PDT 2022 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
doug@s19:~$ grep . /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu10/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:799988
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu11/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:800528
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu4/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu5/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu6/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu7/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu8/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000
/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu9/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq:4100000

话虽如此，CPU频率无论如何都不是调查能耗的方法。通常，但并非总是如此，更高的 CPU 频率可以让任务更快地完成，从而导致更多的时间处于深度空闲状态，从而减少能源消耗。大多数英特尔处理器（过去十年内）以及最近一些 AMD 处理器电源监控的推荐工具是 turbostat（我认为是 linux-tools-common 包）。例子：

doug@s19:~$ sudo turbostat --Summary --quiet --show Busy%,Bzy_MHz,IRQ,PkgWatt,PkgTmp,RAMWatt,GFXWatt,CorWatt --interval 15
Busy%   Bzy_MHz IRQ     PkgTmp  PkgWatt CorWatt GFXWatt RAMWatt
0.01    1328    425     34      1.42    0.76    0.00    0.89
0.01    800     269     34      1.39    0.73    0.00    0.89 <<< system idle
0.01    800     291     34      1.38    0.72    0.00    0.89
0.01    800     331     34      1.37    0.70    0.00    0.89
81.14   4530    37381   68      110.03  109.37  0.00    0.89
99.05   4513    45191   67      130.44  129.78  0.00    0.89 <<< Big load
99.62   4482    45166   68      124.91  124.25  0.00    0.89 <<< Power limit throttling
99.60   4478    45209   71      124.91  124.25  0.00    0.89
99.58   4473    45171   72      124.92  124.25  0.00    0.89
37.66   4470    17655   43      48.26   47.60   0.00    0.89
0.01    800     315     42      1.52    0.86    0.00    0.89 <<< system idle
0.01    800     316     42      1.50    0.84    0.00    0.89
0.01    800     257     41      1.68    1.02    0.00    0.89

Ubuntu 20.04 正在耗尽戴尔 XPS 上的电池 - CPU 核心空闲状态未缩放频率

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Ubuntu 20.04 正在耗尽戴尔 XPS 上的电池 - CPU 核心空闲状态未缩放频率

1 个回答

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