我正在两台不同的计算机上测试操作系统 Ubuntu 22.04 上的Pyautogui 。两个人吃都表现出相同的行为。
当我使用print(pt.screenshot('foo.png'))它时，它正在创建一个黑色foo.png文件。
我是使用这个库的新手。也许有一些 linux/Ubuntu 22.04 的配置没有引起我的注意。就像代码无法访问屏幕（我不知道），一些权限。
这是我用来测试的python代码：
# https://pyautogui.readthedocs.io/en/latest/quickstart.html
print('======== pyautogui Tests for Ubuntu 22.04 ========')
import cv2 as cv
print('OpenCV Path:', cv.__path__) # OpenCV Path: ['/home/xxx/.local/lib/python3.10/site-packages/cv2']
print('OpenCV Version:', cv.__version__) # OpenCV Version: 4.6.0
print('\n')
from time import sleep
# Waiting time
print('Waiting 5s')
sleep(5)
import pyautogui as pt
# Set up a 2.5 second pause after each PyAutoGUI call
# print('pt.PAUSE = 5')
# print('Set up a 5 second pause after each PyAutoGUI call')
# pt.PAUSE = 5
# print('Not Working. Need to setup sleep(5)')
# print('\n')
# Moving the mouse to the upper-left will raise a pyautogui.FailSafeException that can abort your program:
# print('pt.FAILSAFE = True')
# print('Moving the mouse to the upper-left will raise a pyautogui.FailSafeException that can abort your program')
# pt.FAILSAFE = True
# print('Not Working')
# print('\n')
# current mouse x and y
position = pt.position()
print('Current mouse x and y')
print('position: ', position)
print('\n')
# Current screen resolution width and height
# screenSize = pt.size()
# print('Current screen resolution width and height')
# print('screenSize: ', screenSize) # Size(width=1920, height=1080)
# print('\n')
# True if x & y are within the screen.
# print('True if x & y are within the screen')
# x = 200
# y = 400
# print('x: ', x)
# print('y: ', y)
# withinScreen = pt.onScreen(x, y)
# print('withinScreen-True: ', withinScreen) # True
# x = 2000
# y = 4000
# print('x: ', x)
# print('y: ', y)
# withinScreen = pt.onScreen(x, y)
# print('withinScreen-False: ', withinScreen) # False
# print('\n')
print('================ Mouse Functions ================')
# Move mouse to XY coordinates over num_second seconds
print('Move mouse to XY coordinates over num_second seconds')
num_seconds = 1
x = 200
y = 400
print('x: ', x)
print('y: ', y)
print('duration: ', num_seconds)
pt.moveTo(x, y, duration=num_seconds)
# Result: we cant see the mouse moving in the screen but It seems like a invisible mouse - selects files in VSCODE
print('\n')
# move mouse relative to its current position
# print('move mouse relative to its current position')
# xOffset = 20
# yOffset = 40
# print('xOffset: ', xOffset)
# print('yOffset: ', yOffset)
# print('duration: ', num_seconds)
# pt.moveRel(xOffset, yOffset, duration=num_seconds)
# print('\n')
while True:
posXY = pt.position()
print(posXY)
# print(posXY[0])
# print(posXY[1])
# print(posXY,pt.pixel(posXY[0],posXY[1]))
sleep(1)
print('****')
print('LocateCenter test2', pt.locateCenterOnScreen('./test2.png', confidence=0.7))
print('Locate test2', pt.locateOnScreen('./test2.png', confidence=0.7))
print('LocateCenter test3', pt.locateCenterOnScreen('./test3.png', confidence=0.7))
print('Locate test3', pt.locateOnScreen('./test3.png', confidence=0.7))
print('****')
print('\n')
if posXY[0] == 0:
break
print('')
print('pt.screenshot()', pt.screenshot())
print(pt.screenshot('foo.png'))
print('================ Screen Functions ================')
print('Home Folder Coordinates')
print(pt.locateCenterOnScreen('./test2.png', confidence=0.4))
这是生成文件的行的输出（就在循环之后）：
print('pt.screenshot()', pt.screenshot())
pt.screenshot() <PIL.PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile image mode=RGB size=1920x1080 at 0x7F68E2805870>
print(pt.screenshot('foo.png'))
<PIL.PngImagePlugin.PngImageFile image mode=RGB size=1920x1080 at 0x7F68E28059F0>
这是我的 pip3 列表：
$ pip3 list
Package Version
---------------------- --------------
absl-py 1.1.0
apturl 0.5.2
asgiref 3.5.2
attrs 21.4.0
blinker 1.4
Brlapi 0.8.3
certifi 2020.6.20
chardet 4.0.0
click 8.0.3
colorama 0.4.4
command-not-found 0.3
cryptography 3.4.8
cssselect2 0.6.0
cupshelpers 1.0
cycler 0.11.0
dbus-python 1.2.18
defer 1.0.6
distlib 0.3.4
distro 1.7.0
distro-info 1.1build1
Django 4.0.6
django-embed-video 1.4.4
easy-thumbnails 2.8.1
filelock 3.7.1
fonttools 4.33.3
gpg 1.16.0-unknown
httplib2 0.20.2
idna 3.3
importlib-metadata 4.6.4
jeepney 0.7.1
keyring 23.5.0
kiwisolver 1.4.3
language-selector 0.1
launchpadlib 1.10.16
lazr.restfulclient 0.14.4
lazr.uri 1.0.6
louis 3.20.0
lxml 4.9.1
macaroonbakery 1.3.1
matplotlib 3.5.2
mediapipe 0.8.10
more-itertools 8.10.0
MouseInfo 0.1.3
netifaces 0.11.0
numpy 1.22.4
oauthlib 3.2.0
olefile 0.46
opencv-contrib-python 4.6.0.66
opencv-python 4.6.0.66
packaging 21.3
paperclip 2.6.0
pexpect 4.8.0
Pillow 9.0.1
pip 22.0.2
platformdirs 2.5.2
protobuf 3.12.4
ptyprocess 0.7.0
PyAutoGUI 0.9.53
pycairo 1.20.1
pycups 2.0.1
PyGetWindow 0.0.9
PyGObject 3.42.0
PyJWT 2.3.0
pymacaroons 0.13.0
PyMsgBox 1.0.9
PyNaCl 1.5.0
pyparsing 2.4.7
pyperclip 1.8.2
PyQt5 5.15.6
PyQt5-sip 12.9.1
PyRect 0.2.0
pyRFC3339 1.1
PyScreeze 0.1.28
PySocks 1.7.1
python-apt 2.3.0+ubuntu2
python-dateutil 2.8.1
python-debian 0.1.43ubuntu1
python3-xlib 0.15
pytweening 1.0.4
pytz 2022.1
pyxdg 0.27
PyYAML 5.4.1
reportlab 3.6.8
requests 2.25.1
SecretStorage 3.3.1
setuptools 59.6.0
six 1.16.0
sqlparse 0.4.2
svglib 1.3.0
systemd-python 234
tinycss2 1.1.1
torbrowser-launcher 0.3.3
ubuntu-advantage-tools 27.8
ubuntu-drivers-common 0.0.0
ufw 0.36.1
unattended-upgrades 0.1
urllib3 1.26.5
virtualenv 20.15.1
wadllib 1.3.6
webencodings 0.5.1
wheel 0.37.1
xdg 5
xkit 0.0.0
zipp 1.0.0
这是我的操作系统/Python：
$ python3 -V
Python 3.10.4
$ scrot -v
scrot version 1.7
# Tkinter
$ tclsh
% info patchlevel
8.6.12
$ apt list --installed
tk8.6-blt2.5/jammy,now 2.5.3+dfsg-4.1build2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
tk8.6/jammy,now 8.6.12-1build1 amd64 [installed,automatic]
tk/jammy,now 8.6.11+1build2 amd64 [installed,automatic]
附上它正在生成的文件 foo.png。
它应该是以下两个屏幕之一：
或
一些想法那可能是什么或我错过了什么？
这是 Wayland 的安全功能
来源： https: //support.hubstaff.com/screenshot-capture-support-wayland-linux/
切换回 Xorg
重启你的 Ubuntu 系统。在登录屏幕的密码字段下，您会看到一个齿轮图标。只需单击它，您就会在此处看到两个选项。
在 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS 中，默认的Ubuntu是 Wayland 显示服务器。在输入密码并点击 之前，选择Xorg 上的 UbuntuEnter。这会将显示服务器从 Wayland 切换到 Xorg，并且您的屏幕截图程序应该可以工作。
参考：https ://itsfoss.com/switch-xorg-wayland/
希望这可以帮助