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Accepted
Ahmad Ismail
Asked: 2021-01-21 01:36:31 +0800 CST

从树命令输出创建目录结构

  • 772

我有tree一些目录结构的命令输出（在文本文件中）。它看起来像：

% cat tree.txt
.
├── grandpartest
│   └── partest
│       └── test
│           ├── empty-asciidoc-document.adoc
│           └── empty-asciidoc-document1.adoc
├── grandpartest2
│   └── partest2
│       └── test2
│           ├── empty-asciidoc-document.adoc
│           ├── empty-asciidoc-document1.adoc
│           └── empty-asciidoc-document2.adoc
├── grandpartest3
│   └── partest3
│       └── test3
│           ├── empty-asciidoc-document.adoc
│           ├── empty-asciidoc-document1.adoc
│           ├── empty-asciidoc-document2.adoc
│           └── empty-asciidoc-document3.adoc
└── tree.txt

9 directories, 10 files

有什么方法可以解析这些文本文件以创建类似的目录结构？

我知道我可以使用mkdir -p并touch创建这个目录结构。但我感兴趣的主要是解析文本文件以获取与这些命令一起使用的值。

更新1：

根据@muru 的要求

% cat tree-j.txt
[{"type":"directory","name": ".","contents":[
    {"type":"directory","name":"grandpartest","contents":[
      {"type":"directory","name":"partest","contents":[
        {"type":"directory","name":"test","contents":[
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document.adoc"},
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document1.adoc"}
        ]}
      ]}
    ]},
    {"type":"directory","name":"grandpartest2","contents":[
      {"type":"directory","name":"partest2","contents":[
        {"type":"directory","name":"test2","contents":[
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document.adoc"},
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document1.adoc"},
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document2.adoc"},
          {"type":"directory","name":"Untitled Folder","contents":[
          ]}
        ]}
      ]}
    ]},
    {"type":"directory","name":"grandpartest3","contents":[
      {"type":"directory","name":"partest3","contents":[
        {"type":"directory","name":"test3","contents":[
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document.adoc"},
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document1.adoc"},
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document2.adoc"},
          {"type":"file","name":"empty-asciidoc-document3.adoc"}
        ]}
      ]}
    ]},
    {"type":"file","name":"tree.txt"},
    {"type":"file","name":"tree-j.txt"}
  ]},
  {"type":"report","directories":10,"files":11}
]

% cat tree-j.txt | parse-tree
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/home/blueray/_resources/dotfiles/python/parse-tree", line 18, in <module>
    process(structure)
  File "/home/blueray/_resources/dotfiles/python/parse-tree", line 10, in process
    os.mkdir(entry["name"])
FileExistsError: [Errno 17] File exists: '.'
command-line

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    解析的通常输出tree很棘手 - 它不是某种标准形式，例如 CSV。像 JSON 这样的标准结构化格式会更好，因为您需要对每个条目至少编码两到三条信息（名称、类型和附加信息，如链接目标或目录条目，这些信息会因文件类型而异）。tree -J确实提供了非常简单的 JSON 输出，您可以使用 Python（它是默认 Ubuntu 安装的一部分并在标准库中进行 JSON 处理）来处理它：

    #! /usr/bin/env python3

import json
import os
import sys

def process(entries):
    for entry in entries:
        if entry["type"] == "directory":
            os.makedirs(entry["name"], exist_ok=True) # Thanks @pLumo
            os.chdir(entry["name"])
            process(entry.get("contents", []))
            os.chdir('..')
        if entry["type"] == "file":
            with open(entry["name"], "w"): pass
        if entry["type"] == "link":
            os.symlink(entry["name"], entry["target"])

# read standard input
structure = json.load(sys.stdin)
process(structure)

    这仅处理目录、常规文件和链接；您需要为其他文件类型添加条件（不确定如何tree处理块设备、字符设备等）。

    • 4

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