通过命令行调整音量，以便弹出音量通知

安装xdotool包，然后尝试发出

xdotool key XF86AudioLowerVolume

和

xdotool key XF86AudioRaiseVolume

您可以将快捷方式绑定到我在 Arch 论坛中找到的此脚本（需要软件包libnotify-bin）：

#!/bin/sh

usage="usage: $0 -c {up|down|mute} [-i increment] [-m mixer]"
command=
increment=5%
mixer=Master

while getopts i:m:h o
do case "$o" in
    i) increment=$OPTARG;;
    m) mixer=$OPTARG;;
    h) echo "$usage"; exit 0;;
    ?) echo "$usage"; exit 0;;
esac
done

shift $(($OPTIND - 1))
command=$1

if [ "$command" = "" ]; then
    echo "usage: $0 {up|down|mute} [increment]"
    exit 0;
fi

display_volume=0

if [ "$command" = "up" ]; then
    display_volume=$(amixer set $mixer $increment+ unmute | grep -m 1 "%]" | cut -d "[" -f2|cut -d "%" -f1)
fi

if [ "$command" = "down" ]; then
    display_volume=$(amixer set $mixer $increment- unmute | grep -m 1 "%]" | cut -d "[" -f2|cut -d "%" -f1)
fi

icon_name=""

if [ "$command" = "mute" ]; then
    if amixer get Master | grep "\[on\]"; then
        display_volume=0
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-muted"
        amixer set $mixer mute
    else
        display_volume=$(amixer set $mixer unmute | grep -m 1 "%]" | cut -d "[" -f2|cut -d "%" -f1)
    fi
fi

if [ "$icon_name" = "" ]; then
    if [ "$display_volume" = "0" ]; then
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-off"
    elif [ "$display_volume" -lt "33" ]; then
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-low"
    elif [ "$display_volume" -lt "67" ]; then
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-medium"
    else
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-high"
    fi
fi
notify-send " " -i $icon_name -h int:value:$display_volume -h string:synchronous:volume

似乎在 Ubuntu 10.10 中运行良好。

控制音量

您可以amixer用来控制音量，例如

amixer set 'Master' 50%
amixer set 'Master' 10%+
amixer set 'Master' 2dB-

您可能需要使用例如-c 1第二个声卡设置声卡，请参阅man amixer。

播放声音

可以使用类似aplay或的播放器播放声音paplay，例如

paplay /usr/share/sounds/freedesktop/stereo/audio-volume-change.oga

您可能想看看这个问题：我在哪里可以找到系统声音？

显示屏幕通知

您可以使用 X 屏幕显示库 XOSD 重现屏幕通知。调用该包xosd-bin并使用该命令osd_cat在屏幕上显示文本、状态栏等。

osd_cat -b percentage -P 20 -T Status: -f "-adobe-helvetica-bold-*-*--34-*-*-*-*"

显示

有关选项和示例以及更多信息，请参阅此德语 wiki 页面man osd_cat。

这是发布的脚本 htorque的改进版本。

它在 14.04 对我有用。让我知道它是否适用于 16.04 或更高版本。

它需要libnotify-bin安装。

#!/bin/sh
# Adjust the volume, play a sound, and show a notification.
#
# Replacement for default Ubuntu volume adjustment behaviour.
#
# Based on https://askubuntu.com/a/12769/301745

command=""
device="pulse"
display_volume=0
icon_name="error"
increment=5
mixer="Master"
usage="usage: $0 [-d device] [-i increment] [-m mixer] (up|down|mute)"

# For compatibility with SSH sessions.
export DISPLAY=:0

_amixer(){
    # amixer alias
    local set_get="$1"
    shift
    amixer -D "$device" "$set_get" "$mixer" "$@"
}

_get_display_volume(){
    # grep alias
    grep -Pom 1 '(?<=\[)[0-9]+(?=%\])'
}

while getopts d:hi:m: opt; do
    case "$opt" in
        d)
            device="$OPTARG"
            ;;
        h)
            echo "$usage"
            exit 0
            ;;
        i)
            increment="$OPTARG"
            ;;
        m)
            mixer="$OPTARG"
            ;;
        ?)
            echo "$usage"
            exit 1
            ;;
    esac
done

shift "$(($OPTIND - 1))"
command="$1"

case "$command" in
    down)
        display_volume="$(
            _amixer set "$increment%-" unmute |
                _get_display_volume
            )"
        ;;
    mute)
        if _amixer get | grep -q "\[on\]"; then
            display_volume=0
            icon_name="notification-audio-volume-muted"
            _amixer set mute > /dev/null
        else
            display_volume="$(
                _amixer set unmute |
                    _get_display_volume
                )"
        fi
        ;;
    up)
        display_volume="$(
            _amixer set "$increment%+" unmute |
                _get_display_volume
            )"
        ;;
    *)
        echo "$usage"
        exit 1
        ;;
esac

if [ "$icon_name" = "error" ]; then
    if [ "$display_volume" = "0" ]; then
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-off"
    elif [ "$display_volume" -lt "33" ]; then
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-low"
    elif [ "$display_volume" -lt "67" ]; then
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-medium"
    else
        icon_name="notification-audio-volume-high"
    fi

    # In a subshell in the background to minimize latency.
    ( canberra-gtk-play --id=audio-volume-change & )
fi

notify-send "Volume: $display_volume%" -i "$icon_name" -h "string:synchronous:volume" -h "int:value:$display_volume"

我安装了 xmacro 并将以下行添加到.lircrc：

begin
        prog = irexec
        button = KEY_VOLUMEUP
        repeat = 1
        delay = 2
        config = echo KeyStrPress XF86AudioRaiseVolume KeyStrRelease XF86AudioRaiseVolume | xmacroplay $DISPLAY
end
begin
        prog = irexec
        button = KEY_VOLUMEDOWN
        repeat = 1
        delay = 2
        config = echo KeyStrPress XF86AudioLowerVolume KeyStrRelease XF86AudioLowerVolume | xmacroplay $DISPLAY
end
begin
        prog = irexec
        button = KEY_MUTE
        config = echo KeyStrPress XF86AudioMute KeyStrRelease XF86AudioMute | xmacroplay $DISPLAY
end