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Accepted
Ahmad Ismail
Asked: 2018-10-24 04:58:08 +0800 CST

启用 lsyncd 的服务在 PC 重新启动时不会自动启动 - 活动：不活动（死）

  • 772

我通过合并所有以前的编辑来超级简化了这个问题

lsyncd 配置文件/etc/lsyncd/lsyncd.conf.lua

settings {
    logfile = "/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncLog/lsyncd.log",
    statusFile = "/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncLog/lsyncd-status.log",
    pidfile="/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncLog/lsyncd.pid",
    statusInterval = 5,
    nodaemon = false,
}

sync {
    default.rsync,
    source    = "/media/blueray/Data/",
    target    = "/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncBackup/",
    delay     = 0, 
    exclude = { "/_RedoBackup" },
    rsync     = {
        binary   = "/usr/bin/rsync",
        archive  = true,
        compress = true,
        _extra = { "--backup-dir=/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncDeletedBackup/" },
    }
}

lsyncd 服务文件/home/blueray/.config/systemd/user/lsyncd.service

[Unit]
Description=Live Syncing (Mirror) Daemon
After=network.target remote-fs.target media-blueray-Data.mount media-blueray-WDRed.mount
Wants=media-blueray-Data.mount media-blueray-WDRed.mount
Requires=media-blueray-Data.mount media-blueray-WDRed.mount

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/lsyncd /etc/lsyncd/lsyncd.conf.lua
PIDFile=/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncLog/lsyncd.pid
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill $MAINPID
Restart=always

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重启前

blueray@blueray-i58600K:~$ systemctl --user start lsyncd
blueray@blueray-i58600K:~$ systemctl --user enable lsyncd
blueray@blueray-i58600K:~$ systemctl --user status lsyncd
● lsyncd.service - Live Syncing (Mirror) Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/home/blueray/.config/systemd/user/lsyncd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: active (running) since Mon 2018-10-29 11:58:22 +06; 11s ago
 Main PID: 1921 (lsyncd)
   CGroup: /user.slice/user-1000.slice/[email protected]/lsyncd.service
           └─1921 /usr/bin/lsyncd /etc/lsyncd/lsyncd.conf.lua

Oct 29 11:58:22 blueray-i58600K systemd[916]: Starting Live Syncing (Mirror) Daemon...
Oct 29 11:58:22 blueray-i58600K systemd[916]: Started Live Syncing (Mirror) Daemon.
blueray@blueray-i58600K:~$

重启后

blueray@blueray-i58600K:~$ systemctl --user status lsyncd
● lsyncd.service - Live Syncing (Mirror) Daemon
   Loaded: loaded (/home/blueray/.config/systemd/user/lsyncd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
   Active: inactive (dead)
blueray@blueray-i58600K:~$

如您所见，如果我发出命令，此服务运行良好systemctl --user start lsyncd

为什么虽然我给出了命令但它没有自动启动systemctl --user enable lsyncd。为什么Active: inactive (dead)重启后显示？

kde server kubuntu services systemd

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    Systemd 可能与之前和之后的混淆，但我会改变：

    After=network.target remote-fs.target media-blueray-Data.mount media-blueray-WDRed.mount

    至：

    After=network.target remote-fs.target media-blueray-Data.mount media-blueray-WDRed.mount network.target multi-user.target

    基于这个答案。

    • 2

  2. 在以下位置创建 lsyncd 配置文件（您也可以将其放在其他位置）/home/blueray/.config/lsyncd.conf.lua

    settings {
    logfile = "/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncLog/lsyncd.log",
    statusFile = "/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncLog/lsyncd-status.log",
    pidfile="/home/blueray/.config/lsyncd.pid",
    statusInterval = 5,
    nodaemon = false,
}

sync {
    default.rsync,
    source    = "/media/blueray/Data/",
    target    = "/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncBackup/",
    delay     = 0, 
    exclude = { "/_RedoBackup" },
    rsync     = {
        binary   = "/usr/bin/rsync",
        archive  = true,
        compress = true,
        _extra = { "--backup-dir=/media/blueray/WDRed/_LsyncDeletedBackup/" },
    }
}

    在以下位置创建 lsyncd 服务文件/home/blueray/.config/systemd/user/lsyncd.service

    [Unit]
Description=Live Syncing (Mirror) Daemon
Requires=default.target
After=default.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/bin/lsyncd /home/blueray/.config/lsyncd.conf.lua
PIDFile=/home/ismail/.config/lsyncd.pid
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
ExecStop=/bin/kill $MAINPID
Restart=always
RestartSec=10

[Install]
WantedBy=default.target

    调试步骤动机：

    由于这类问题困扰着互联网 -

    https://superuser.com/questions/955922/enabled-systemd-unit-does-not-start-at-boot

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/237795/lsyncd-wont-start-at-startup

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/374638/why-x0vncserver-is-not-starting-at-boot?rq=1

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/98033/service-not-starting-at-boot

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/282174/squid-systemd-service-not-run-at-boot

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/255788/what-is-wrong-with-my-systemd-unit-file

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/137028/why-is-my-systemd-unit-loaded-but-inactive-dead

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/376038/systemd-why-is-this-service-inactive-dead/376043

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/159174/differences-between-inactive-vs-disabled-and-active-vs-enabled-services

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/376038/systemd-why-is-this-service-inactive-dead

    https://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/251211/why-doesnt-my-systemd-user-unit-start-at-boot

    还有很多。

    我还想添加帮助我解决问题的调试步骤。

    调试步骤：

    第 1 步是尽量保持简单。

    后添加media-blueray-Data.mount等media-blueray-WDRed.mount

    After=, Wants=, Requires=等使事情变得复杂。

    对于用户服务，使用systemctl --user list-dependencies和/或systemd-analyze --user critical-chain找出您想要在WantedBy=以下[Install]部分中添加的内容 -

    注意： [Install]如果您想要enable服务（在启动时运行它），则需要部分。

    $ systemctl --user list-dependencies 

default.target
● └─basic.target
●   ├─paths.target
●   ├─sockets.target
●   │ ├─dirmngr.socket
●   │ ├─gpg-agent-browser.socket
●   │ ├─gpg-agent-extra.socket
●   │ ├─gpg-agent-ssh.socket
●   │ └─gpg-agent.socket
●   └─timers.target

$ systemd-analyze --user critical-chain

default.target @12ms                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
└─basic.target @12ms                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
  └─paths.target @12ms

    Requires=如果需要，您可以After=在部分下方使用选定的目标[Unit]。

    使用启用服务systemctl --user enable lsyncd

    如果重新启动计算后，服务未运行。使用检查服务的状态systemctl --user status lsyncd

    如果您发现类似lsyncd Start request repeated too quickly.的错误

    RestartSec=下使用[Service]

    笔记：

    采用以秒为单位的无单位值，或时间跨度值，例如“5min 20s”。默认为 100 毫秒。

    你也可以使用类似的东西

    StartLimitInterval=10
StartLimitBurst=1

    来解决这个问题。

    在单位文件发生任何变化后使用

    $ systemctl --user daemon-reload
// Disabling before enabling helped me. But I do not think it is necessary.
// $ systemctl --user disable lsyncd
$ systemctl --user enable lsyncd

    PS：这是一个简短的调试指南。网上有很多关于这方面的文章。我的不完整（还有十几个命令可以提供帮助，即journalctl具有不同属性来读取日志）。但我希望它能帮助许多初学者使用systemd。

    • 0

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