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Accepted
Sarke
Asked: 2018-06-19 14:55:18 +0800 CST

Ubuntu 18.04 无法识别来自路由器的主机名

  • 772

我之前安装了 Xubuntu 16.04，它确实识别了我的路由器（番茄）设置的主机名。

例如，我mate在网络上有一台名称为 的计算机，其静态 IP 为192.168.2.202，以前我可以这样做：

$ host mate                                                               
mate has address 192.168.2.202

但现在我明白了：

$ host mate
Host mate not found: 2(SERVFAIL)

这次我做了一个最小的桌面安装，所以我想知道我是否缺少某个包。

编辑：

$ cat /var/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf:
nameserver 192.168.2.1

$ cat /var/run/NetworkManager/resolv.conf
nameserver 127.0.0.53

$ netstat -antup
Active Internet connections (servers and established)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address           Foreign Address         State       PID/Program name    
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:5000            0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      3421/VBoxHeadless   
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      663/systemd-resolve 
tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:22              0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      950/sshd            
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:631           0.0.0.0:*               LISTEN      737/cupsd              
tcp6       0      0 :::5900                 :::*                    LISTEN      3421/VBoxHeadless   
tcp6       0      0 :::22                   :::*                    LISTEN      950/sshd            
tcp6       0      0 ::1:631                 :::*                    LISTEN      737/cupsd           
udp    14784      0 0.0.0.0:52712           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp     8704      0 0.0.0.0:53789           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp     9536      0 0.0.0.0:5353            0.0.0.0:*                           730/avahi-daemon: r 
udp    19648      0 0.0.0.0:55126           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp     8704      0 0.0.0.0:39114           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp    13248      0 0.0.0.0:41109           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:57555           0.0.0.0:*                           730/avahi-daemon: r 
udp     3648      0 0.0.0.0:59213           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp     8064      0 0.0.0.0:59519           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp     3648      0 0.0.0.0:48795           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp     3648      0 0.0.0.0:48900           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp    36096      0 127.0.0.53:53           0.0.0.0:*                           663/systemd-resolve 
udp    37120      0 0.0.0.0:68              0.0.0.0:*                           1066/dhclient       
udp    15424      0 0.0.0.0:33008           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp     3648      0 0.0.0.0:49597           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp    14464      0 0.0.0.0:33395           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp        0      0 0.0.0.0:631             0.0.0.0:*                           828/cups-browsed    
udp    19840      0 0.0.0.0:49883           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp    14592      0 0.0.0.0:33614           0.0.0.0:*                           2092/VirtualBox     
udp6       0      0 :::51356                :::*                                730/avahi-daemon: r 
udp6   49344      0 :::5353                 :::*                                730/avahi-daemon: r 

$ systemd-resolve --status
Global
          DNSSEC NTA: 10.in-addr.arpa
                      16.172.in-addr.arpa
                      168.192.in-addr.arpa
                      17.172.in-addr.arpa
                      18.172.in-addr.arpa
                      19.172.in-addr.arpa
                      20.172.in-addr.arpa
                      21.172.in-addr.arpa
                      22.172.in-addr.arpa
                      23.172.in-addr.arpa
                      24.172.in-addr.arpa
                      25.172.in-addr.arpa
                      26.172.in-addr.arpa
                      27.172.in-addr.arpa
                      28.172.in-addr.arpa
                      29.172.in-addr.arpa
                      30.172.in-addr.arpa
                      31.172.in-addr.arpa
                      corp
                      d.f.ip6.arpa
                      home
                      internal
                      intranet
                      lan
                      local
                      private
                      test

Link 6 (vboxnet2)
      Current Scopes: none
       LLMNR setting: yes
MulticastDNS setting: no
      DNSSEC setting: no
    DNSSEC supported: no

Link 5 (vboxnet1)
      Current Scopes: none
       LLMNR setting: yes
MulticastDNS setting: no
      DNSSEC setting: no
    DNSSEC supported: no

Link 4 (vboxnet0)
      Current Scopes: none
       LLMNR setting: yes
MulticastDNS setting: no
      DNSSEC setting: no
    DNSSEC supported: no

Link 3 (wlp4s1)
      Current Scopes: none
       LLMNR setting: yes
MulticastDNS setting: no
      DNSSEC setting: no
    DNSSEC supported: no

Link 2 (eno1)
      Current Scopes: DNS
       LLMNR setting: yes
MulticastDNS setting: no
      DNSSEC setting: no
    DNSSEC supported: no
         DNS Servers: 192.168.2.1

我的路由器是 192.168.2.1

编辑2：

使用dig表明路由器确实正确报告了主机名。

$ dig @192.168.2.1 mate    
; <<>> DiG 9.11.3-1ubuntu1.1-Ubuntu <<>> @192.168.2.1 mate
; (1 server found)
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: NOERROR, id: 47046
;; flags: qr aa rd ra ad; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 1, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 0

;; QUESTION SECTION:
;mate.              IN  A

;; ANSWER SECTION:
mate.           0   IN  A   192.168.2.202

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 192.168.2.1#53(192.168.2.1)
;; WHEN: Mon Jun 18 18:53:26 PDT 2018
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 38

但是如果我不特别提到路由器的DNS IP，我没有找到它。

$ dig mate             
; <<>> DiG 9.11.3-1ubuntu1.1-Ubuntu <<>> mate
;; global options: +cmd
;; Got answer:
;; ->>HEADER<<- opcode: QUERY, status: SERVFAIL, id: 65394
;; flags: qr rd ra; QUERY: 1, ANSWER: 0, AUTHORITY: 0, ADDITIONAL: 1

;; OPT PSEUDOSECTION:
; EDNS: version: 0, flags:; udp: 65494
;; QUESTION SECTION:
;mate.              IN  A

;; Query time: 0 msec
;; SERVER: 127.0.0.53#53(127.0.0.53)
;; WHEN: Mon Jun 18 19:06:13 PDT 2018
;; MSG SIZE  rcvd: 33

因此，即使它被列出，它似乎也/var/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf没有被使用。我该如何解决？

networking hosts router

3 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    这似乎与这个问题有关：

    https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/systemd/+bug/1624320

    在全新安装时，/etc/resolv.conf链接到/run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf而不是/run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf.

    根据https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/systemd/+bug/1624320/comments/8更新它修复了它。

    • 5

  2. 这是发生的事情： systemd-resolved 如果名称不是完全限定的名称，则不解析本地域名，如mate.local

    有关Systemd-networkd的文档中所述，一个好的解决方法是修剪/etc/nsswitch.conf文件

    sudo nano /etc/nsswitch.conf

    修改主机行

    # /etc/nsswitch.conf
#
# Example configuration of GNU Name Service Switch functionality.
# If you have the `glibc-doc-reference' and `info' packages installed, try:
# `info libc "Name Service Switch"' for information about this file.

passwd:         compat systemd
group:          compat systemd
shadow:         compat
gshadow:        files
# ---- MODIFY THIS LINE ------------------------------------------------
# hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns myhostname
# ---- TO --------------------------------------------------------------
hosts:          files mdns4_minimal dns myhostname
# ---- THATS ALL -------------------------------------------------------
networks:       files

protocols:      db files
services:       db files
ethers:         db files
rpc:            db files

netgroup:       nis

    说明：
    主机名解析首先在文件（/etc/hosts）中搜索，然后使用 avahi（zeroconf），然后询问 dns 服务器。如果 avahi 没有[NOTFOUND=return]强制找到本地名称，请不要停止。希望它清楚。

    重启服务

    sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved
    • 3

  3. 此错误报告评论中给出的解决方法为我的 Ubuntu 18.04 LTS 安装解决了这个问题。

    Disable and stop the systemd-resolved service:

sudo systemctl disable systemd-resolved.service
sudo systemctl stop systemd-resolved

Then put the following line in the [main] section of your /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf:

dns=default

Delete the symlink /etc/resolv.conf

rm /etc/resolv.conf

Restart network-manager

sudo service network-manager restart
    • 1

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