我安装了 r8168 驱动程序包，但是当它仍然不起作用并且当我键入lsmod | grep r8168它时它什么也不返回。
在 Fedora 上它可以工作：
lsmod | grep r81*
r8169 94208 0
更新：
$ lspci -nnk |grep 0200 -A3
02:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Realtek Semiconductor Co., Ltd. RTL8101/2/6E PCI Express Fast/Gigabit Ethernet controller [10ec:8136] (rev 07)
Subsystem: Lenovo RTL810xE PCI Express Fast Ethernet controller [17aa:3856]
Kernel driver in use: r8169
Kernel modules: r8169
$ dmesg | grep -e r816 -e enp
[ 1.263279] r8169 Gigabit Ethernet driver 2.3LK-NAPI loaded
[ 1.263292] r8169 0000:02:00.0: can't disable ASPM; OS doesn't have ASPM control
[ 1.266763] r8169 0000:02:00.0 eth0: RTL8106e at 0x00000000ba7d10f2, 54:e1:ad:df:b3:c2, XID 04900000 IRQ 33
[ 1.310903] r8169 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: renamed from eth0
[ 25.810894] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp2s0: link is not ready
[ 26.029254] r8169 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: link down
[ 26.029280] r8169 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: link down
[ 26.029514] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): enp2s0: link is not ready
[ 27.748727] r8169 0000:02:00.0 enp2s0: link up
[ 27.748742] IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_CHANGE): enp2s0: link becomes ready
$ lsmod
Module Size Used by
rfcomm 77824 16
pppoe 20480 2
pppox 16384 1 pppoe
cmac 16384 1
bnep 20480 2
nls_iso8859_1 16384 1
edac_mce_amd 28672 0
arc4 16384 2
snd_hda_codec_hdmi 49152 1
snd_hda_codec_generic 73728 1
uvcvideo 86016 0
kvm_amd 86016 0
snd_usb_audio 196608 2
kvm 593920 1 kvm_amd
btusb 45056 0
snd_usbmidi_lib 32768 1 snd_usb_audio
btrtl 16384 1 btusb
irqbypass 16384 1 kvm
btbcm 16384 1 btusb
btintel 16384 1 btusb
snd_hda_intel 40960 4
snd_hda_codec 126976 3 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic
bluetooth 548864 43 btrtl,btintel,bnep,btbcm,rfcomm,btusb
snd_hda_core 81920 4 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic
ecdh_generic 24576 2 bluetooth
crct10dif_pclmul 16384 0
snd_hwdep 20480 2 snd_hda_codec,snd_usb_audio
crc32_pclmul 16384 0
ghash_clmulni_intel 16384 0
pcbc 16384 0
snd_pcm 98304 5 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_usb_audio,snd_hda_core,snd_hda_codec_hdmi
snd_seq_midi 16384 0
snd_seq_midi_event 16384 1 snd_seq_midi
snd_rawmidi 32768 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_usbmidi_lib
aesni_intel 188416 2
aes_x86_64 20480 1 aesni_intel
crypto_simd 16384 1 aesni_intel
snd_seq 65536 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi
joydev 24576 0
glue_helper 16384 1 aesni_intel
cryptd 24576 3 crypto_simd,ghash_clmulni_intel,aesni_intel
ath10k_pci 45056 0
input_leds 16384 0
ath10k_core 360448 1 ath10k_pci
ath 28672 1 ath10k_core
serio_raw 16384 0
mac80211 778240 1 ath10k_core
wmi_bmof 16384 0
snd_seq_device 16384 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi
cfg80211 622592 3 mac80211,ath,ath10k_core
fam15h_power 16384 0
snd_timer 32768 2 snd_seq,snd_pcm
snd 81920 24 snd_hda_intel,snd_hwdep,snd_seq,snd_hda_codec,snd_usb_audio,snd_timer,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_generic,snd_usbmidi_lib,snd_seq_device,snd_pcm
ideapad_laptop 32768 0
sparse_keymap 16384 1 ideapad_laptop
shpchp 36864 0
tpm_crb 16384 0
soundcore 16384 1 snd
mac_hid 16384 0
sch_fq_codel 20480 3
parport_pc 36864 0
ppdev 20480 0
lp 20480 0
parport 49152 3 lp,parport_pc,ppdev
ip_tables 28672 0
x_tables 40960 1 ip_tables
autofs4 40960 2
hid_generic 16384 0
usbhid 49152 0
uas 24576 0
usb_storage 69632 1 uas
amdkfd 180224 1
amd_iommu_v2 20480 1 amdkfd
amdgpu 2703360 4
hid_rmi 20480 0
rmi_core 77824 1 hid_rmi
videobuf2_vmalloc 16384 2 uvcvideo,rmi_core
videobuf2_memops 16384 1 videobuf2_vmalloc
videobuf2_v4l2 24576 2 uvcvideo,rmi_core
videobuf2_core 40960 3 uvcvideo,videobuf2_v4l2,rmi_core
videodev 184320 4 uvcvideo,videobuf2_core,videobuf2_v4l2,rmi_core
chash 16384 1 amdgpu
i2c_algo_bit 16384 1 amdgpu
media 40960 2 uvcvideo,videodev
ttm 106496 1 amdgpu
drm_kms_helper 167936 1 amdgpu
syscopyarea 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
sysfillrect 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
sysimgblt 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
fb_sys_fops 16384 1 drm_kms_helper
ahci 36864 5
i2c_piix4 24576 0
libahci 32768 1 ahci
r8169 86016 0
mii 16384 1 r8169
drm 401408 6 amdgpu,ttm,drm_kms_helper
wmi 24576 2 wmi_bmof,ideapad_laptop
video 40960 1 ideapad_laptop
i2c_hid 20480 0
hid 118784 4 i2c_hid,hid_generic,usbhid,hid_rmi
$ ifconfig enp2s0
enp2s0: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST> mtu 1500
ether 54:e1:ad:df:b3:c2 txqueuelen 1000 (Ethernet)
RX packets 38 bytes 2408 (2.4 KB)
RX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 frame 0
TX packets 36 bytes 1518 (1.5 KB)
TX errors 0 dropped 0 overruns 0 carrier 0 collisions 0
更新：我以为我需要 r8168 驱动程序，但事实证明我已经加载了 r8169。无论如何 pppoeconf 没有（在我尝试对驱动程序做一些事情之前）并且仍然找不到以太网卡。
驱动程序 r8168 仅涵盖三个特定设备。查看：
它们是 1186:4300、10ec:8161 和 10ec:8168。实际上，您的设备是这样的：
您的 10ec:8136 设备不在
r8168-dkms_8.045.08-2_all.deb包装内，对您的问题没有帮助。硬件设备的内核模块根据设备 ID 加载，例如您的 10ec:8139，因此不会为错误的设备加载错误的驱动程序。r8168 是错误的驱动程序。