我正在使用 Nginx 和 uWSGI 在 EC2 服务器上运行 Django Web 应用程序。我也让 Celery 运行一些后台任务（没有 CRON 作业，只是偶尔的用户操作）。
该应用程序处于早期封闭测试阶段，目前没有活跃用户。
在过去的三天里，服务器在经历超高 CPU 负载后会倒塌，似乎是随机的（见屏幕截图）。
在此之前，该应用程序运行数周都没有问题。我对网站进行了一些编程更改，但没有对服务器配置进行更改（主要是合并模型）。
我试图从日志中提取一些东西（Nginx access.log、error.log 和 Django debug.log），但我没有看到任何错误或奇怪的东西（现在无法访问日志）。
此外，如果我事先没有重新启动服务器，我在迁移模型更改（在 venv 中）时遇到了类似的效果。有时，即使重新启动服务器，它也会变得如此缓慢，我不得不等待几分钟才能重新启动 Celery。
我需要帮助才能找到调查问题的起点。有任何想法吗？
我在部署 Django-Celery-RabbitMQ 项目的最后一步时遇到了麻烦。
通过 systemd 运行 celery、httpd 和 rabbitmq-server 服务后，当我在 Django 中触发任务时，我看到了消息Received task: smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task
smartalec 是我的应用程序，match_loadfile_task 是我的任务，该项目称为 tcida_api。
但是大约 30 秒后，有一个巨大的堆栈跟踪，如下所示（完整的调试日志，下面有异常）。
[2016-09-09 15:34:20,040: ERROR/MainProcess] Task smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task[740dc792-7410-4418-aa44-dd9c56b63b04] raised unexpected: DatabaseError(' <cx_Oracle._Error object at 0x3a3ed50>',)
谷歌搜索“Django Oracle Celery DatabaseError”会得到一些关于在单个连接上共享线程的查询，但我不确定这是否适用于我，因为我在 project.settings 的数据库配置中有“threaded=TRUE”。
当我从命令行运行 celery 时，我得到了同样的结果。
sudo /opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/bin/celery -A my_django_project worker -l info
我没有安装 django celery，django 可以让数据库查询没问题，通过 shell 和网页，配置在我的本地机器上使用 django 的开发服务器。
什么会导致或解决此异常？
完整的 Celery 调试日志，不包括完整的堆栈跟踪。
[amartin@ip-10-50-7-148 tcida_api]$ sudo /opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/bin/celery -A tcida_api worker --concurrency 1 -l debug
/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/platforms.py:812: RuntimeWarning: You are running the worker with superuser privileges, which is absolutely not recommended!
Please specify a different user using the -u option.
User information: uid=0 euid=0 gid=0 egid=0
uid=uid, euid=euid, gid=gid, egid=egid,
[2016-09-09 16:14:22,995: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Preparing bootsteps.
[2016-09-09 16:14:22,997: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Building graph...
[2016-09-09 16:14:22,997: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: New boot order: {Timer, Hub, Queues (intra), Pool, Autoscaler, StateDB, Autoreloader, Beat, Consumer}
[2016-09-09 16:14:22,999: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Preparing bootsteps.
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,000: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Building graph...
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,003: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: New boot order: {Connection, Events, Mingle, Tasks, Control, Agent, Gossip, Heart, event loop}
-------------- celery@ip-10-50-7-148.eu-west-1.compute.internal v3.1.23 (Cipater)
---- **** -----
--- * *** * -- Linux-3.10.0-229.11.1.el7.x86_64-x86_64-with-redhat-7.1-Maipo
-- * - **** ---
- ** ---------- [config]
- ** ---------- .> app: tcida_api:0x1a91850
- ** ---------- .> transport: amqp://guest:**@localhost:5672//
- ** ---------- .> results: disabled://
- *** --- * --- .> concurrency: 1 (prefork)
-- ******* ----
--- ***** ----- [queues]
-------------- .> celery exchange=celery(direct) key=celery
[tasks]
. celery.backend_cleanup
. celery.chain
. celery.chord
. celery.chord_unlock
. celery.chunks
. celery.group
. celery.map
. celery.starmap
. smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,005: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Starting Hub
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,005: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,005: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Starting Pool
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,029: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,030: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Starting Consumer
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,030: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Connection
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,038: DEBUG/MainProcess] Start from server, version: 0.9, properties: {u'information': u'Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/', u'product': u'RabbitMQ', u'copyright': u'Copyright (C) 2007-2013 GoPivotal, Inc.', u'capabilities': {u'exchange_exchange_bindings': True, u'consumer_cancel_notify': True, u'publisher_confirms': True, u'basic.nack': True}, u'platform': u'Erlang/OTP', u'version': u'3.1.5'}, mechanisms: [u'PLAIN', u'AMQPLAIN'], locales: [u'en_US']
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,039: DEBUG/MainProcess] Open OK!
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,039: INFO/MainProcess] Connected to amqp://guest:**@127.0.0.1:5672//
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,040: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,040: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Events
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,047: DEBUG/MainProcess] Start from server, version: 0.9, properties: {u'information': u'Licensed under the MPL. See http://www.rabbitmq.com/', u'product': u'RabbitMQ', u'copyright': u'Copyright (C) 2007-2013 GoPivotal, Inc.', u'capabilities': {u'exchange_exchange_bindings': True, u'consumer_cancel_notify': True, u'publisher_confirms': True, u'basic.nack': True}, u'platform': u'Erlang/OTP', u'version': u'3.1.5'}, mechanisms: [u'PLAIN', u'AMQPLAIN'], locales: [u'en_US']
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,047: DEBUG/MainProcess] Open OK!
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,048: DEBUG/MainProcess] using channel_id: 1
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,048: DEBUG/MainProcess] Channel open
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,049: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,049: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Mingle
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,049: INFO/MainProcess] mingle: searching for neighbors
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,050: DEBUG/MainProcess] using channel_id: 1
[2016-09-09 16:14:23,050: DEBUG/MainProcess] Channel open
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,056: INFO/MainProcess] mingle: all alone
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,057: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,057: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Tasks
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,059: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,059: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Control
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,059: DEBUG/MainProcess] using channel_id: 2
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,060: DEBUG/MainProcess] Channel open
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,062: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,062: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Gossip
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,062: DEBUG/MainProcess] using channel_id: 3
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,063: DEBUG/MainProcess] Channel open
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,065: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,065: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting Heart
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,066: DEBUG/MainProcess] ^-- substep ok
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,066: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Consumer: Starting event loop
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,067: WARNING/MainProcess] celery@ip-10-50-7-148.eu-west-1.compute.internal ready.
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,067: DEBUG/MainProcess] | Worker: Hub.register Pool...
[2016-09-09 16:14:24,067: DEBUG/MainProcess] basic.qos: prefetch_count->4
[2016-09-09 16:14:31,300: INFO/MainProcess] Received task: smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task[51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6]
[2016-09-09 16:14:31,300: DEBUG/MainProcess] TaskPool: Apply <function _fast_trace_task at 0x1c50500> (args:(u'smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task', u'51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6', [1], {}, {u'utc': True, u'is_eager': False, u'chord': None, u'group': None, u'args': [1], u'retries': 0, u'delivery_info': {u'priority': 0, u'redelivered': False, u'routing_key': u'celery', u'exchange': u'celery'}, u'expires': None, u'hostname': 'celery@ip-10-50-7-148.eu-west-1.compute.internal', u'task': u'smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task', u'callbacks': None, u'correlation_id': u'51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6', u'errbacks': None, u'timelimit': [None, None], u'taskset': None, u'kwargs': {}, u'eta': None, u'reply_to': u'950dab7a-8608-37e0-991a-5e7c6dadbf4a', u'id': u'51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6', u'headers': {}}) kwargs:{})
[2016-09-09 16:14:31,310: DEBUG/MainProcess] Task accepted: smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task[51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6] pid:25239
[2016-09-09 16:15:26,475: ERROR/MainProcess] Task smartalec.tasks.match_loadfile_task[51fed74e-f0ce-4cad-9a3d-283b830939d6] raised unexpected: DatabaseError('<cx_Oracle._Error object at 0x36c9d50>',)
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 240, in trace_task
R = retval = fun(*args, **kwargs)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/celery/app/trace.py", line 438, in __protected_call__
return self.run(*args, **kwargs)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/smartalec/tasks.py", line 14, in match_loadfile_task
load_file = LoadFile.objects.get(pk=loadfile_pk)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 379, in get
num = len(clone)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 238, in __len__
self._fetch_all()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 1087, in _fetch_all
self._result_cache = list(self.iterator())
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/query.py", line 54, in __iter__
results = compiler.execute_sql()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 824, in execute_sql
sql, params = self.as_sql()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/oracle/compiler.py", line 22, in as_sql
subquery=subquery,
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 376, in as_sql
where, w_params = self.compile(self.where) if self.where is not None else ("", [])
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 353, in compile
sql, params = node.as_sql(self, self.connection)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/where.py", line 79, in as_sql
sql, params = compiler.compile(child)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/sql/compiler.py", line 353, in compile
sql, params = node.as_sql(self, self.connection)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/lookups.py", line 158, in as_sql
rhs_sql = self.get_rhs_op(connection, rhs_sql)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/models/lookups.py", line 162, in get_rhs_op
return connection.operators[self.lookup_name] % rhs
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py", line 80, in __get__
instance.cursor().close()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 233, in cursor
cursor = self.make_cursor(self._cursor())
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 204, in _cursor
self.ensure_connection()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 199, in ensure_connection
self.connect()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 94, in __exit__
six.reraise(dj_exc_type, dj_exc_value, traceback)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 199, in ensure_connection
self.connect()
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/base/base.py", line 171, in connect
self.connection = self.get_new_connection(conn_params)
File "/opt/tcida/virtualenv/smartalec/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/db/backends/oracle/base.py", line 216, in get_new_connection
return Database.connect(conn_string, **conn_params)
DatabaseError: <cx_Oracle._Error object at 0x36c9d50>
我有基于 django 和 celery 的 python 服务器。每次计算机重新启动时，apache2 都会启动，因此我的服务器正在工作，但我必须手动重新启动 celery（转到我的项目目录并执行“python manage.py celeryd”）。什么是生产的正确解决方案？我的意思是，是否有可能将芹菜作为守护进程启动？
在这里http://github.com/ask/celery/tree/master/contrib/debian/init.d/我发现了两个脚本，它们看起来应该在 /etc/init.d/ 中，就像启动 apache2 的 apache2 脚本一样。但我把它们放到 /etc/init.d/ 中，我发现没有任何变化。