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G. G.
Asked: 2024-10-11 17:12:15 +0800 CST

Nginx HTTP 1.2 问题

  • 772

我试图弄清楚，尽管 nginx 配置为监听 HTTP1.2，但日志中的所有请求都是 HTTP1.1

[11/Oct/2024:11:53:41 +0300] "GET /el_gr/tapetsaries-toixou/fototapetsaries-toixou/zoa/filtra/xromatikes_omades-psychra-kitrina-xroma-oxia_fusiko-gkri_mpez-leuko-anoichto_mob-mob-somon-anoichto_gkri-anthraki-gkri-thema_fototapetsarias-artistic-apoxrosi_fototapetsarias-egchromo?price=amshopby_slider_from-amshopby_slider_to HTTP/1.1" 200 50347 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0.1; Nexus 5X Build/MMB29P) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/129.0.6668.89 Mobile Safari/537.36 (compatible; GoogleOther)" 
     [11/Oct/2024:11:53:41 +0300] "GET /el_gr/catalog/product/view/id/144583/s/144583-fototsapetsaries-diafora-sxedia-megethi-100-159102/ HTTP/1.1" 200 55818 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Pinterestbot/1.0; +http://www.pinterest.com/bot.html)" 
     [11/Oct/2024:11:53:43 +0300] "GET /el_gr/catalog/product/view/id/134022/s/134022-fototsapetsaries-diafora-sxedia-megethi-100-148541/ HTTP/1.1" 200 56234 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Pinterestbot/1.0; +http://www.pinterest.com/bot.html)" 
     [11/Oct/2024:11:53:43 +0300] "GET /el_gr/catalog/product/view/id/153049/s/153049-fototsapetsaries-diafora-sxedia-megethi-100-167568/ HTTP/1.1" 200 55991 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Pinterestbot/1.0; +http://www.pinterest.com/bot.html)" 
    54.236.1.13 [ 54.236.1.13, 54.236.1.13, 127.0.0.1] [11/Oct/2024:11:53:46 +0300] "GET /el_gr/catalog/product/view/id/151013/s/151013-fototsapetsaries-diafora-sxedia-megethi-100-165532/ HTTP/1.1" 200 56020 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Pinterestbot/1.0; +http://www.pinterest.com/bot.html)" 
     [11/Oct/2024:11:53:47 +0300] "GET /el_gr/tapetsaries-toixou/fototapetsaries-toixou/zoa/filtra/xromatikes_omades-psychra-pastel-mov-therma-xroma-oxia_fusiko-gkri_mpez-leuko-anoichto_mob-mob-somon-kokkino-anoichto_gkri-kafe-thema_fototapetsarias-artistic-louloudia-vintage-apoxrosi_fototapetsarias-egchromo?price=amshopby_slider_from-amshopby_slider_to HTTP/1.1" 200 56578 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0.1; Nexus 5X Build/MMB29P) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/129.0.6668.89 Mobile Safari/537.36 (compatible; GoogleOther)" 
     [11/Oct/2024:11:53:48 +0300] "GET /el_gr/50369-tapetsaria-arts-crafts-prasino-no-36159-by-casadeco HTTP/1.1" 200 63129 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; Android 6.0.1; Nexus 5X Build/MMB29P) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/129.0.6668.89 Mobile Safari/537.36 (compatible; Googlebot/2.1; +http://www.google.com/bot.html)" 
     [11/Oct/2024:11:53:48 +0300] "GET /el_gr/catalog/product/view/id/142099/s/142099-fototsapetsaries-diafora-sxedia-megethi-100-156618/ HTTP/1.1" 200 55810 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Pinterestbot/1.0; +http://www.pinterest.com/bot.html)" 
     [11/Oct/2024:11:53:49 +0300] "GET /el_gr/49391-wing-kremasto-ntoulapi-oikologiko-tzaki-no-14297-by-abb?swatch_colour_att=11095 HTTP/1.1" 200 69558 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Pinterestbot/1.0; +http://www.pinterest.com/bot.html)"
     [11/Oct/2024:11:53:49 +0300] "GET /el_gr/catalog/product/view/id/90457/s/58177-diaxoristika-domatiou-diafora-sxedia-102723/ HTTP/1.1" 200 68402 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; Pinterestbot/1.0; +http://www.pinterest.com/bot.html)"

这是我的虚拟主机：

server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    http2 on;
    server_name www.example.com;
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/2023/ssl_bundle.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/2023/example.key;
    ssl_protocols              TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers               'AES128+EECDH:AES128+EDH:!aNULL';

    return 301 https://example.com$request_uri;
# Nginx Bad Bot Blocker Includes
# REPO: https://github.com/mitchellkrogza/nginx-ultimate-bad-bot-blocker
##
     include /etc/nginx/bots.d/ddos.conf;
     include /etc/nginx/bots.d/blockbots.conf;

# apply ratebot rules
    limit_req zone=ratebot_soft nodelay;
    limit_req zone=ratebot_medium nodelay;
    limit_req zone=ratebot_hard nodelay;
}




server {
    listen 443 ssl;
    http2 on;
    server_name example.com;
    proxy_headers_hash_bucket_size 128;
    proxy_headers_hash_max_size 1024;
    ssl_certificate /etc/nginx/ssl/2023/ssl_bundle.crt;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/nginx/ssl/2023/example.key;
    ssl_protocols              TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
    ssl_ciphers               'AES128+EECDH:AES128+EDH:!aNULL';


     include /etc/nginx/bots.d/ddos.conf;
     include /etc/nginx/bots.d/blockbots.conf;

# apply ratebot rules
    limit_req zone=ratebot_soft nodelay;
    limit_req zone=ratebot_medium nodelay;
    limit_req zone=ratebot_hard nodelay;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:6081;
        proxy_set_header X-Real-IP  $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto https;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Port 443;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Host $http_host;
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Server $http_host;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

        proxy_buffering off;
        proxy_buffer_size          16k;
        proxy_buffers              64 4k;
        proxy_busy_buffers_size    24k;
        fastcgi_buffer_size        32k;
        fastcgi_buffers            16 32k;

        if ($cors_origin) {
    add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '$cors_origin' always;
    add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET,POST,PUT,DELETE,HEAD,PATCH' always;
    add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' '*' always;
    add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Credentials' 'true' always;
    }

    }
}

这是 Hetzner 的专用服务器。它位于防火墙后面，防火墙已关闭。此外，我们没有使用任何面板，只有 Ubuntu 22 操作系统。CSF 防火墙已启用

Nginx 充当 Varnish 的代理，使用 SSL 终止。因此 Varnish 处理第一个请求

该服务器的前面 Cloudflare 还启用了对 http1.2 的支持

大家，我在这里遗漏了什么？

linux

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    您的设置看起来 100% 正确，并且我在 Docker 环境中复制了 Nginx 配置。

    这是我所看到的。

    客户端和 Nginx 使用的 HTTP/2

    当我通过 HTTP 向充当 TLS 代理的 Nginx 发送请求时，我收到 HTTP/2 响应，如下面输出中看到的那样：

    $ curl -k -I https://localhost                                                                     

HTTP/2 200
server: nginx/1.27.2
date: Fri, 11 Oct 2024 11:52:08 GMT
content-type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
content-length: 26
x-powered-by: PHP/8.3.12
cache-control: max-age=10
vary: Accept-Encoding
x-varnish: 32777 32771
age: 4
via: 1.1 varnish (Varnish/7.5)
accept-ranges: bytes
access-control-allow-origin: *
access-control-allow-methods: GET,POST,PUT,DELETE,HEAD,PATCH
access-control-allow-headers: *
access-control-allow-credentials: true

    到目前为止，一切都很好。

    Nginx 使用 HTTP/1.0 进行代理

    尽管客户端通过 HTTP/2 与 TLS 代理（在本例中为 Nginx）顺利通信，但 Nginx 默认向 Varnish 发送 HTTP/1.0 请求。

    可以设置proxy_http_version 1.1;升级 HTTP 版本到 HTTP 1/1。但是根据文档描述，Nginx 似乎不支持 HTTP/2 代理。

    当我varnishncsa在 Varnish 容器中运行时，查看访问日志，您会看到使用了 HTTP/1.1：

    $ varnishncsa
172.18.0.3 - - [11/Oct/2024:11:52:04 +0000] "HEAD http://localhost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/8.7.1"
172.18.0.3 - - [11/Oct/2024:11:52:07 +0000] "HEAD http://localhost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/8.7.1"
172.18.0.3 - - [11/Oct/2024:11:52:07 +0000] "HEAD http://localhost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/8.7.1"
172.18.0.3 - - [11/Oct/2024:11:52:07 +0000] "HEAD http://localhost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/8.7.1"
172.18.0.3 - - [11/Oct/2024:11:52:08 +0000] "HEAD http://localhost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/8.7.1"
172.18.0.3 - - [11/Oct/2024:11:52:08 +0000] "HEAD http://localhost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/8.7.1"
172.18.0.3 - - [11/Oct/2024:11:52:08 +0000] "HEAD http://localhost/ HTTP/1.1" 200 0 "-" "curl/8.7.1

    改用 Hitch

    如果您在使用 Varnish 时想要端到端 HTTP/2，我建议您使用 Hitch 作为 TLS 代理。Hitch 是一个清除 TLS 代理，甚至没有 HTTP 感知功能。

    Hitch 可以通过PROXY 协议与 Varnish 通信，只要使用运行时参数启动 Varnish ，并且 Hitch在其 ALPN 协议中-p feature=+http2公开，它就应该可以完美运行。h2, http/1.1

    请查看以下教程，其中详细解释了这种情况：https://www.varnish-software.com/developers/tutorials/terminate-tls-varnish-hitch/

    一个非常简单的 Hitch 配置可能看起来像这样：

    frontend = "[*]:443"
daemon = on
user = "hitch"
group = "hitch"
backend = "[varnish.example.com]:8443"
pem-dir = "/etc/hitch/cert.d"
pem-dir-glob = "*.pem"
alpn-protos = "h2, http/1.1"
write-proxy-v2 = on

    同样简单的 Varnish 运行时配置，带有 HTTP/2 和 PROXY 支持，如下所示：

    varnishd \
    -a http=:80 \
    -a proxy=:8443,PROXY \
    -p feature=+http2 \
    -f /etc/varnish/default.vcl \
    -s malloc,2g

    可以使用以下 VCL 代码片段进行 Varnish 中的 TLS 检测：

    vcl 4.1;

import proxy;

sub vcl_recv {
    if(!req.http.X-Forwarded-Proto) {
        if (proxy.is_ssl()) {
            set req.http.X-Forwarded-Proto = "https";
        } else {
            set req.http.X-Forwarded-Proto = "http";
        }
    }    
}
    • 1

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