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Tim Hilt
Asked: 2020-10-06 07:43:06 +0800 CST

SSH 无法连接到 Google Cloud Compute-Engine-Instance：权限被拒绝（公钥）

  • 772

我按照本教程介绍了如何使用 ssh 设置 GCE-VM。但是，我似乎无法像视频中的那个人那样通过 ssh 成功连接！这是我尝试连接时的输出（IP 是虚构的）：

~ λ ssh -v 34.89.154.144
OpenSSH_8.3p1, OpenSSL 1.1.1h  22 Sep 2020
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: Connecting to 34.89.154.144 [34.89.154.144] port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk-cert type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_xmss type -1
debug1: identity file /home/tim/.ssh/id_xmss-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_8.3
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.10
debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.10 pat OpenSSH_7.0*,OpenSSH_7.1*,OpenSSH_7.2*,OpenSSH_7.3*,OpenSSH_7.4*,OpenSSH_7.5*,OpenSSH_7.6*,OpenSSH_7.7* compat 0x04000002
debug1: Authenticating to 34.89.154.144:22 as 'tim'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: algorithm: [email protected]
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: [email protected] MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:w2LwJiLfvysv6AJDqA6R0u5dZuXVbwdqXsQCZ0IhlT8
debug1: Host '34.89.154.144' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /home/tim/.ssh/known_hosts:2
debug1: rekey out after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: rekey in after 134217728 blocks
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:DDVIWu+4qABFT+8uCSJuZ9bSh4y1FH+zAW2owNw1J7I
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
debug1: Will attempt key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_xmss
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_rsa RSA SHA256:DDVIWu+4qABFT+8uCSJuZ9bSh4y1FH+zAW2owNw1J7I
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey
debug1: Trying private key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_ecdsa_sk
debug1: Trying private key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Trying private key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_ed25519_sk
debug1: Trying private key: /home/tim/.ssh/id_xmss
debug1: No more authentication methods to try.
[email protected]: Permission denied (publickey).

我试图解决的问题：

  1. 在不同的区域（亚洲而不是欧洲）设置 VM
  2. 使用不同的映像设置 VM（debian、ubuntu、minimal 和 standard）
  3. 在 Windows 和 Linux 下尝试设置
  4. enable-oslogin = TRUE项目范围和特定实例
  5. 从公共 ssh-key 中删除主机部分
  6. ssh [IP], ssh [USER_IN_KEY]@[IP],ssh [USER_ON_VM]@[IP]

我真的不知道在哪里寻找问题了！谁能给我一个关于我可以尝试什么或问题可能出在哪里的指针或建议？

谢谢！

linux ssh google-cloud-platform google-compute-engine ssh-keys

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    我尝试在新的 VM 实例中重现我自己的项目中的错误，并按照您提到的视频，我收到了与您收到的相同的错误：

    ssh <MY-IP>
The authenticity of host '<MY-IP> (<MY-IP>)' can't be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:A....
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
Warning: Permanently added '<MY-IP>' (ECDSA) to the list of known hosts.
<MY-USER>@<MY-IP>: Permission denied (publickey).

    我按照以下步骤操作：改为使用第三方工具连接，我能够使用 ssh 将我的 Debian 连接到我的新实例：

    ssh -i <my-private-ssh-key> <MY-IP>

    Linux <MY-INSTANCE-NAME> 4.19.0-11-cloud-amd64 #1 SMP Debian 4.19.146-1 (2020-09-17) x86_64

The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.

Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Thu Oct  1 14:50:16 2020 from <SOME-IP>
<MY-USER>s@<MY-INSTANCE-NAME>:~$ hostname
<MY-INSTANCE-NAME>

    另一个不错的选择是安装 Google Cloud SDK，然后使用

    gcloud compute ssh --project <PROJECT_ID> --zone <ZONE> <VM-INSTANCE_NAME>

    您可以查看以下链接以获取更多信息。

    • 0

  2. 将 ssh 公钥添加到您的（os-login）元数据服务器应该可以解决问题，使用 gcloud SDK 或在云 shell 中尝试这些命令

    gcloud auth login    
gcloud config set project *project-name*
gcloud compute os-login ssh-keys add --key-file ../path/to/public/key

    并检查您是否拥有使用 os-login 方法登录的正确角色

     log-in with out sudo permissions   : roles/compute.oslogin   
 log-in with sudo permissions       : roles/compute.osAdminlogin
    • 0

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