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Vladislav Rastrusny
Asked: 2010-01-15 04:30:13 +0800 CST

发送邮件到本地域忽略 MX 记录（第 2 部分）

  • 772

我有确切的问题，就像在这篇文章中一样：Sendmail to local domain ignoring MX records。我还在使用像 GMail For Your Domain 之类的电子邮件提供商（它存储并管理您的邮件）。我直接从我的服务器发送邮件，但接收邮件是通过 Yandex（电子邮件提供商）完成的。由于服务器托管了一个论坛，我更喜欢直接从它发送邮件，因为使用另一个邮件提供商会减慢速度。此外，当我向我的订阅者发送 300.000 封电子邮件时，另一个电子邮件提供商肯定会阻止我认为我正在发送垃圾邮件。

我的 DNS 区域现在是：

;
; GSMFORUM.RU
;

$TTL 1H

gsmforum.ru. SOA ns1.hc.ru. support.hc.ru. (
               2009122268 ; Serial
               1H         ; Refresh
               30M        ; Retry
               1W         ; Expire
               1H       ) ; Minimum

gsmforum.ru.          NS      ns1.hc.ru.
gsmforum.ru.          NS      ns2.hc.ru.
@                     A       79.174.68.223
*.gsmforum.ru.        CNAME   @
ns1                   A       79.174.68.223
ns2                   A       79.174.68.224
@                     MX      10 mx.yandex.ru.
mail                  CNAME   domain.mail.yandex.net.
yamail-xxxxxxxxx      CNAME   mail.yandex.ru.

服务器主机名是 server.gsmforum.ru。可能是这个原因吗？有人可以解释事情的原因（使 sendmail 认为域是本地的规则）吗？我能轻易改变吗

*.gsmforum.ru.        CNAME   @

进入

*.gsmforum.ru.        A   79.174.68.224

解决这个问题？

[root@server ~]# cat /etc/mail/local-host-names
localhost
localhost.localdomain

该服务器托管 gsmforum.ru，因此我无法像 David Mackintosh 建议的那样将其放入另一个域。将域放入 mailertable 也不能解决问题： sendmail -bt 仍然显示地址是本地的。DontProbeInterfaces 在 sendmail 配置中也设置为 true。

M4文件如下：

divert(-1)dnl
dnl #
dnl # This is the sendmail macro config file for m4. If you make changes to
dnl # /etc/mail/sendmail.mc, you will need to regenerate the
dnl # /etc/mail/sendmail.cf file by confirming that the sendmail-cf package is
dnl # installed and then performing a
dnl #
dnl #     make -C /etc/mail
dnl #
include(`/usr/share/sendmail-cf/m4/cf.m4')dnl
VERSIONID(`setup for linux')dnl
OSTYPE(`linux')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Do not advertize sendmail version.
dnl #
dnl define(`confSMTP_LOGIN_MSG', `$j Sendmail; $b')dnl
dnl #
dnl # default logging level is 9, you might want to set it higher to
dnl # debug the configuration
dnl #
dnl define(`confLOG_LEVEL', `9')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Uncomment and edit the following line if your outgoing mail needs to
dnl # be sent out through an external mail server:
dnl #
dnl define(`SMART_HOST', `smtp.your.provider')dnl
dnl #
define(`confDEF_USER_ID', ``8:12'')dnl
dnl define(`confAUTO_REBUILD')dnl
define(`confTO_CONNECT', `1m')dnl
define(`confTRY_NULL_MX_LIST', `True')dnl
define(`confDONT_PROBE_INTERFACES',`True')
define(`PROCMAIL_MAILER_PATH', `/usr/bin/procmail')dnl
define(`ALIAS_FILE', `/etc/aliases')dnl
define(`STATUS_FILE', `/var/log/mail/statistics')dnl
define(`UUCP_MAILER_MAX', `2000000')dnl
define(`confUSERDB_SPEC', `/etc/mail/userdb.db')dnl
define(`confPRIVACY_FLAGS', `authwarnings,novrfy,noexpn,restrictqrun')dnl
define(`confAUTH_OPTIONS', `A')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following allows relaying if the user authenticates, and disallows
dnl # plaintext authentication (PLAIN/LOGIN) on non-TLS links
dnl #
dnl define(`confAUTH_OPTIONS', `A p')dnl
dnl # 
dnl # PLAIN is the preferred plaintext authentication method and used by
dnl # Mozilla Mail and Evolution, though Outlook Express and other MUAs do
dnl # use LOGIN. Other mechanisms should be used if the connection is not
dnl # guaranteed secure.
dnl # Please remember that saslauthd needs to be running for AUTH. 
dnl #
dnl TRUST_AUTH_MECH(`EXTERNAL DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl
dnl define(`confAUTH_MECHANISMS', `EXTERNAL GSSAPI DIGEST-MD5 CRAM-MD5 LOGIN PLAIN')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Rudimentary information on creating certificates for sendmail TLS:
dnl #     cd /usr/share/ssl/certs; make sendmail.pem
dnl # Complete usage:
dnl #     make -C /usr/share/ssl/certs usage
dnl #
dnl define(`confCACERT_PATH', `/etc/pki/tls/certs')dnl
dnl define(`confCACERT', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/ca-bundle.crt')dnl
dnl define(`confSERVER_CERT', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/sendmail.pem')dnl
dnl define(`confSERVER_KEY', `/etc/pki/tls/certs/sendmail.pem')dnl
dnl #
dnl # This allows sendmail to use a keyfile that is shared with OpenLDAP's
dnl # slapd, which requires the file to be readble by group ldap
dnl #
dnl define(`confDONT_BLAME_SENDMAIL', `groupreadablekeyfile')dnl
dnl #
dnl define(`confTO_QUEUEWARN', `4h')dnl
dnl define(`confTO_QUEUERETURN', `5d')dnl
dnl define(`confQUEUE_LA', `12')dnl
dnl define(`confREFUSE_LA', `18')dnl
define(`confTO_IDENT', `0')dnl
dnl FEATURE(delay_checks)dnl
FEATURE(`no_default_msa', `dnl')dnl
FEATURE(`smrsh', `/usr/sbin/smrsh')dnl
FEATURE(`mailertable', `hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable.db')dnl
FEATURE(`virtusertable', `hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable.db')dnl
FEATURE(redirect)dnl
FEATURE(always_add_domain)dnl
FEATURE(use_cw_file)dnl
FEATURE(use_ct_file)dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following limits the number of processes sendmail can fork to accept 
dnl # incoming messages or process its message queues to 20.) sendmail refuses 
dnl # to accept connections once it has reached its quota of child processes.
dnl #
dnl define(`confMAX_DAEMON_CHILDREN', `20')dnl
dnl #
dnl # Limits the number of new connections per second. This caps the overhead 
dnl # incurred due to forking new sendmail processes. May be useful against 
dnl # DoS attacks or barrages of spam. (As mentioned below, a per-IP address 
dnl # limit would be useful but is not available as an option at this writing.)
dnl #
dnl define(`confCONNECTION_RATE_THROTTLE', `3')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The -t option will retry delivery if e.g. the user runs over his quota.
dnl #
FEATURE(local_procmail, `', `procmail -t -Y -a $h -d $u')dnl
FEATURE(`access_db', `hash -T<TMPF> -o /etc/mail/access.db')dnl
FEATURE(`blacklist_recipients')dnl
EXPOSED_USER(`root')dnl
dnl #
dnl # For using Cyrus-IMAPd as POP3/IMAP server through LMTP delivery uncomment
dnl # the following 2 definitions and activate below in the MAILER section the
dnl # cyrusv2 mailer.
dnl #
dnl define(`confLOCAL_MAILER', `cyrusv2')dnl
dnl define(`CYRUSV2_MAILER_ARGS', `FILE /var/lib/imap/socket/lmtp')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to only listen on the IPv4 loopback address
dnl # 127.0.0.1 and not on any other network devices. Remove the loopback
dnl # address restriction to accept email from the internet or intranet.
dnl #
DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Name=MTA,Port=smtp')
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen to port 587 for
dnl # mail from MUAs that authenticate. Roaming users who can't reach their
dnl # preferred sendmail daemon due to port 25 being blocked or redirected find
dnl # this useful.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=submission, Name=MSA, M=Ea')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen to port 465, but
dnl # starting immediately in TLS mode upon connecting. Port 25 or 587 followed
dnl # by STARTTLS is preferred, but roaming clients using Outlook Express can't
dnl # do STARTTLS on ports other than 25. Mozilla Mail can ONLY use STARTTLS
dnl # and doesn't support the deprecated smtps; Evolution <1.1.1 uses smtps
dnl # when SSL is enabled-- STARTTLS support is available in version 1.1.1.
dnl #
dnl # For this to work your OpenSSL certificates must be configured.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Port=smtps, Name=TLSMTA, M=s')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following causes sendmail to additionally listen on the IPv6 loopback
dnl # device. Remove the loopback address restriction listen to the network.
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`port=smtp,Addr=::1, Name=MTA-v6, Family=inet6')dnl
dnl #
dnl # enable both ipv6 and ipv4 in sendmail:
dnl #
dnl DAEMON_OPTIONS(`Name=MTA-v4, Family=inet, Name=MTA-v6, Family=inet6')
dnl #
dnl # We strongly recommend not accepting unresolvable domains if you want to
dnl # protect yourself from spam. However, the laptop and users on computers
dnl # that do not have 24x7 DNS do need this.
dnl #
FEATURE(`accept_unresolvable_domains')dnl
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(`relay_based_on_MX')dnl
dnl # 
dnl # Also accept email sent to "localhost.localdomain" as local email.
dnl # 
LOCAL_DOMAIN(`localhost.localdomain')dnl
dnl #
dnl # The following example makes mail from this host and any additional
dnl # specified domains appear to be sent from mydomain.com
dnl #
dnl MASQUERADE_AS(`mydomain.com')dnl
dnl #
dnl # masquerade not just the headers, but the envelope as well
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(masquerade_envelope)dnl
dnl #
dnl # masquerade not just @mydomainalias.com, but @*.mydomainalias.com as well
dnl #
dnl FEATURE(masquerade_entire_domain)dnl
dnl #
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(localhost.localdomain)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomainalias.com)dnl
dnl MASQUERADE_DOMAIN(mydomain.lan)dnl
MAILER(smtp)dnl
MAILER(procmail)dnl
dnl MAILER(cyrusv2)dnl
FEATURE(`dnsbl',`zen.spamhaus.org',`Rejected - your IP is blacklisted by http://www.spamhaus.org')
sendmail cname-record gmail localhost

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    我做了什么来禁用本地交付。我将使用 example.com 域。

    要求：

    • example.com 指向分配给 eth 接口之一的 IP 地址的条目。
    • /etc/hosts 定义 example.com 分配给与上面相同的 IP 地址
    • 指向 Google 服务器的 example.com MX 记录（ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM 等）
    • 默认 sendmail 安装（我的是在 Ubuntu 上）

    脚步：

    vim /etc/mail/sendmail.mc

    在最后：

    define(`MAIL_HUB', `example.com.')dnl
define(`LOCAL_RELAY', `example.com.')dnl

    接着：

    sendmailconfig
service sendmail restart

    测试：

    echo -e "To: [email protected]\nSubject: Test\nTest\n" | sendmail -bm -t -v
echo -e "To: user\nSubject: Test\nTest\n" | sendmail -bm -t -v

    您应该看到它连接到 google 服务器，然后您应该看到您的邮件被发送到您的 Google 收件箱。

    • 10

  2. 以防万一有人遇到这个问题。

    首先，感谢 sporker 和 Pawel，你们让我找到了正确的方向来解决这个问题。

    我最初的问题是 sendmail 将我的域 example.com 电子邮件帐户视为本地帐户。

    这些链接非常有用： Sendmail to local domain ignoring MX records (part 2) http://lists.freebsd.org/pipermail/freebsd-questions/2004-September/057382.html http://objectmix.com/sendmail/ 367920-sendmail-ignores-mailertable-some-semilocal-domains.html

    但就我而言，使用 FreeBSD 8.2，真正的诀窍是：

    # cd /etc/mail

    # vim freebsd.mc

    添加这两行：

    define(MAIL_HUB',example.com.')dnl

    define(本地继电器',example.com.')dnl

    就在之前：

    MAILER(local)

    MAILER(smtp)

    # make

    --- 这是输出 ---

     cp freebsd.mc host.example.com.mc
 /usr/bin/m4 -D_CF_DIR_=/usr/share/sendmail/cf/   /usr/share/sendmail/cf/m4/cf.m4 host.example.com.mc > host.example.com.cf
 cp freebsd.submit.mc host.example.com.submit.mc
 /usr/bin/m4 -D_CF_DIR_=/usr/share/sendmail/cf/   /usr/share/sendmail/cf/m4/cf.m4 host.example.com.submit.mc > host.example.com.submit.cf

    --- 输出结束 ---

    # cp sendmail.cf sendmail.cf.bak

    # cp host.example.com.cf sendmail.cf

    # /etc/rc.d/sendmail restart

    希望这可以为某人节省一些头痛。

    • 0

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