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All perguntas(unix)

Martin Hope
HangryChicken1245234
Asked: 2024-08-30 16:07:30 +0800 CST
  • 5

Tenho um serviço systemd que executa um loop para verificar se um compartilhamento smb está disponível e o monta quando estiver. Isso funciona bem para um compartilhamento, mas não para outro.

Depois de esperar que o compartilhamento fique acessível (usando nc), o serviço systemd executa este comando como root

mount -t cifs //192.168.122.49/pool/ /mnt/pool -o credentials=/etc/nixos/credentials,uid=1000,gid=100,vers=3.1.1,rw

e falha com failed: Permission denied. O Systemd me dizstatus=255/EXCEPTION

Reiniciar o serviço systemd sempre resulta neste erro. Se eu executar este comando sozinho, sudo mount ...tudo funciona. Tenho outro serviço que funciona exatamente assim e este funciona muito bem sem executar o comando manualmente.

Como pode ocorrer tal diferença? É porque o serviço systemd não consegue ler o arquivo de credenciais? Ele é de propriedade do root e tem permissões-rw-------

systemd
Martin Hope
user1874594
Asked: 2024-08-30 14:38:06 +0800 CST
  • 5

Este é um microsd ext4 card on a rooted Android, onde eu quero usar

busybox chattr  -R +u /mypath

Eu sei o que +u significa, mas alguém tem uma ideia sobre como a opção desfazer é implementada para ext4 e especificamente no caso do meu hardware até que ponto desfazer me permitirá na recuperação de dados. Se eu usar extundelete & ext4magicisso, eles recuperariam meus dados caso fossem excluídos pelo aplicativo?

corolário disso se: -- ext4honra +u ae outros atributos estendidos qualquer mountopção de nível que me dará uma boa chance de recuperação em caso de exclusão? -- qual sistema de arquivos então funciona +ucom afinal chattré o inux / unixcomando al há uma menção

ext_attr Este recurso permite o uso de atributos estendidos. Este recurso é suportado por ext2, ext3 e ext4. aqui eu me perguntei se esse op mount ativa o+u attribute

filesystems
Martin Hope
Anil Samuel
Asked: 2024-08-30 12:51:21 +0800 CST
  • 4

Como posso atualizar um arquivo json usando jq em um loop como abaixo? O arquivo json precisa ter o .queryToken atualizado e o array .result anexado usando json no corpo da resposta curl

while true
do
  curl -k --location 'https://api.../queryMore' \
          --user "uname:pswd" \
          --data "$(jq '.queryToken' Process.json)" |
   jq '{
         numberOfResults: .numberOfResults,
         queryToken: .queryToken,
         result: .result
       }'
 #update .queryToken in Process.json and append .result to .result in Process.json
 #break if no .queryToken
done

A resposta do arquivo e do curl são idênticas em estrutura como no exemplo abaixo

{
    "@type": "QueryResult",
    "queryToken": "<base64text>",
    "result": [
      ...
    ]
}
json
Martin Hope
Florian Berchtold
Asked: 2024-08-30 08:40:51 +0800 CST
  • 5

Quero fazer upload de muitos dados (centenas de arquivos pcap brutos, cada um com 1 Gb) para a AWS. Estou usando o aws s3 sync para isso. Os dados pcap são altamente compactáveis, mas não quero fazer a compactação em uma primeira etapa, esperar por ela e depois fazer o upload. Em vez disso, gostaria que os arquivos fossem compactados "on the fly", apenas quando forem solicitados/lidos pelo aws cli pela primeira vez.

Existe alguma mágica de sistema de arquivos Linux/Posix que poderia fazer algo assim? A abordagem parece nova na forma como "esconde" os arquivos compactados como apenas um arquivo normal, então qualquer ferramenta existente que possa manipular arquivos se beneficiaria disso.

Dei uma olhada no mkfifo, mas não consegui encontrar uma solução adequada.

Por quê? O objetivo é atingir uma largura de banda de upload de rede maior e custos de armazenamento reduzidos no S3.

filesystems
Martin Hope
user256787
Asked: 2024-08-30 03:21:24 +0800 CST
  • 9

Tenho um Garmin Nuvi que usa mapas OpenStreet. O Garmin faz códigos postais, mas geralmente está desatualizado de 2 a 3 anos para a Escócia. O OSM não faz códigos postais britânicos, mas o Post Office faz, e pode ser baixado gratuitamente. Este arquivo tem pouco menos de 1 GB. Ele tem 16 colunas, das quais eu quero apenas as 3 primeiras.

Usei cut para remover as colunas estranhas, então agora tenho CEP, Latitude e Longitude. Infelizmente, o arquivo POI deve ser Latitude, Longitude e CEP, ou seja, a coluna 1 deve ser a coluna 3. Para aumentar o problema, o CEP deve estar entre aspas, por exemplo, EH9 1QG e SW12 1AB devem ser "EH9 1QG" e "SW12 1AB".

Usei o awk de forma um tanto estranha (viu o que eu fiz aí?) com:

awk 'BEGIN {FS="\t"; OFS=","} {print $2, $3, $1}' pc0.csv > pc.csv

e tudo o que ele fez foi adicionar 2 colunas vazias na frente.
Seria legal poder usar uma planilha nele, mas há mais de 3 milhões de linhas.

Alguma ideia?

Isto é o que eu obtenho da saída de cut - pc0.csv.
O comando awk dá o mesmo, mas com duas vírgulas na frente de cada linha para dar 2 colunas vazias.

Postcode Latitude Longitude
AB1 0AA,57.101474,-2.242851  
AB1 0AB,57.102554,-2.246308  
AB1 0AD,57.100556,-2.248342  
AB1 0AE,57.084444,-2.255708  
AB1 0AF,57.096656,-2.258102  
AB1 0AG,57.097085,-2.267513  
AB1 0AJ,57.099011,-2.252854  
AB1 0AL,57.101765,-2.254688

Então, usando o arquivo "cut" acima, que agora tem apenas 73 MB, preciso convertê-lo para:

Latitude,Longitude,Postcode
57.101474,-2.242851,"AB1 0AA"  
57.102554,-2.246308,"AB1 0AB"  
57.100556,-2.248342,"AB1 0AD"  
57.084444,-2.255708,"AB1 0AE"  
57.096656,-2.258102,"AB1 0AF"  
57.097085,-2.267513,"AB1 0AG"  
57.099011,-2.252854,"AB1 0AJ"  
57.101765,-2.254688,"AB1 0AL"

Agora eu tive que remover as tabulações para exibir essas linhas, então esse é outro problema, pois só pode haver vírgulas e nada mais - nem mesmo espaços, a menos que entre aspas.

PS Linux (Ubuntu Mate) 22.04 LTS

text-processing
Martin Hope
Borea Deitz
Asked: 2024-08-30 03:19:28 +0800 CST
  • 6

Estou executando o seguinte script no Ubuntu 22.04:

#!/bin/bash

logfile="/absolute/path/to/log.txt"
find /absolute/path/to/haystack -type d -name "needle" -execdir sh -c 'pwd > $logfile' \;

A esperança é que ele imprima o caminho completo do diretório de cada pasta nomeada needle/dentro da pasta haystack/para o arquivo log.txt. Em vez disso, ele imprime nada além de uma longa lista do erro sh: 1: cannot create : Directory nonexistentpara a saída padrão (e não grava nada em log.txt).

Esta resposta demonstra que o erro se origina no Dash, não no Bash. Como estou usando o Bash shebang, isso significa que o erro deve ser originado do uso de-execdir sh

-execdir sh -c 'pwd > $logfile' \;

já que no Ubuntu shé symlinked para Dash. Minha primeira teoria foi que o Bash não está passando sua variável $logfilepara Dash. Esta resposta afirma que as variáveis ​​são copiadas para subshells, o que foi meu entendimento, mas talvez isso não seja verdade em shells completamente diferentes. Para testar, alterei o shebang para #!/bin/sh, que é Dash neste sistema. O resultado é o mesmo, no entanto: linhas do erro sh: 1: cannot create : Directory nonexistent.

O que causa esse erro?

Qualquer ajuda é bem-vinda, mas observe que postei porque quero entender a origem do erro, assim como a pergunta pede. Não estou interessado em nenhuma resposta que tenha uma abordagem diferente para listar needle/diretórios, a menos que essa resposta seja acompanhada por uma explicação do motivo pelo qual esse script falha.

bash
Martin Hope
Vlastimil Burián
Asked: 2024-08-30 01:35:52 +0800 CST
  • 6

Ontem, fiz um instantâneo de deslocamento de tempo (de todo o disco, incluindo a pasta inicial e até a pasta raiz) rapidamente, esperando uma falha no SSD em breve.

Bom, eu não esperava isso tão cedo, aconteceu hoje, SSD não responde.

É possível, por favor, de alguma forma copiar ou rsync ou o que for,.. a pasta home antiga mantendo as datas originais? Se sim, como?

Obrigado de qualquer forma. Não estou respondendo a comentários do tipo "timeshift não é backup" porque não tive tempo de fazer um backup completo da imagem do disco ontem, e isso aconteceu muito rápido :(( Obrigado novamente. Analisarei as respostas amanhã de manhã.

Seção de comentários:

@1.Kusalananda:

timeshift-gtkfaz parte do Linux Mint há anos, mas acredito que timeshifta linha de comando esteja disponível para outras distros sem o frontend GTK. Sinceramente, não sei o funcionamento interno dele. E, infelizmente, eu mesmo nunca usei rsyncpor conta própria. Além disso, fiz uma captura de tela de uma pasta no timeshifted "backup" - ela tem sua data original:

insira a descrição da imagem aqui

@2.ChrisDavies:

alias ls='\ls --color=auto --group-directories-first --time-style=+'\''%Y-%b-%d'\'''
alias ll='ls -lhk'

vlastimil@dell-7577:/media/vlastimil/Seagate_5TB_Ext4/timeshift/snapshots/2024-08-27_09-12-32/localhost/home/vlastimil$ ll
total 1,4G
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  8-ball
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jan-24  adamek
drwxrwxr-x  5 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Feb-15  ads-google--overeni
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  alza-ram--jirka
drwxrwxr-x  5 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jan-30  alza-reklamace-hdd
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  ancestry
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Mar-27  android-vykonny-rezim
drwxr-xr-x  8 root      root       4,0K 2024-Jul-08  apache2
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Sep-12  arbitr
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  asus--eye-care-plus--monitor
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-14  audioknihy
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Nov-05  aukro-obtezovani
drwxrwxr-x  4 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Nov-01  aukro-prodej
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  aukro-ramecek
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  bazos-autobaterie
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-10  bmnet.cz--isp
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Aug-04  burdik-oblekovice
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Jun-11  burian.work
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jul-29  centropol
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-May-01  chrome-remote-desktop
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  ClamAV
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Jun-21  cleanity-pro
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Jan-06  coi--icell
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Mar-10  corsair-flashky
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Jun-07  covid-samotesty
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-May-03  cs-george-otec
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Oct-07  csharp-codepage
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Feb-12 'czc-ssd-reklamace Patriot Burst Elite 120GB'
drwxrwxr-x 18 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Aug-26  Data
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-19  datahelp-eko-likvidace-hdd
drwxrwxrwx  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-10  ddrescue-logs
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  dell-NTB
drwxr-xr-x  4 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Aug-29  Desktop
drwxr-xr-x  9 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Jan-17  Development
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Feb-08  disks-backup
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Feb-19  disky
drwxrwxr-x  5 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Aug-25  DMARC
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  DNS
drwxr-xr-x 33 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Aug-26  Documents
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-28  donio
drwxrwxr-x 11 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Jul-19  donio-platby
drwxrwxr-x  5 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-13  Dopamine-Forerunners-remix
drwxr-xr-x 31 vlastimil vlastimil   12K 2024-Aug-26  Downloads
drwxrwxrwx  7 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2019-Mar-30  DPFO_2018
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2020-Mar-18  DPFO_2019
drwxrwxr-x 15 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Mar-21  DPFO_2022
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Apr-25  DPFO_2023
drwxrwxr-x  5 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-30  DPFO_2023_podklady
drwxrwxr-x  5 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  easydmarc-analysis
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-24 'EEE (Energy Efficient Ethernet)'
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Apr-24  elektrina-2023
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jun-20  encefalitida-ockovani
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-13  fakturaonline-cz
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-11  fcb-servis-spam-recenze
drwx---rwx  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Mar-18  FiraxisLive
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2019-Oct-15  flash-32
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil   12K 2024-Aug-03  FoE
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Aug-24  generali-cp--mamka
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Oct-19  github_images
drwx------  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2020-Jun-27  GPUCache
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-13  hdd-datahelp--vykup
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  hedepy
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  hello-bank
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Aug-26  hesla
drwxr-xr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Jul-05  honza
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jul-27  honza-ext-8tb
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Jan-08  honza-mys-czc
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-13  icmp6
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-26  invalidni-duchod
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-22  iptables
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-May-30  kania.info
drwxrwxr-x  6 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-18  kontrola-zivnosti
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Nov-12  krbylevne-ancona
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Jan-12  krizovky-mail-spam
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-May-06  kucinovi-ps4pro
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2020-Sep-14  kulecnik-z-fcb
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  lekarske-zpravy
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Oct-09  lida-pohreb
drwxr-xr-x  6 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2019-Nov-17  mailboxes
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-May-31  mailvelope
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Jan-25  mall--flashka--podvod
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-May-04  mamka-duchod
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-07  mamka-lenovo
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  mamka-OP
drwxr-xr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-13  mdisc
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  mikrovlnka
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2019-Oct-25  MissYou
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-13  moje-videa
drwxr-xr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  moje-videa2
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-13  moneta-vypisy
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-19  monitory-prodej
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Oct-05  Mutumutu
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jan-31  naturamed
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Jun-07  nod32
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  novy-OP
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jun-13  o2-300kc-sleva
drwxrwxrwx  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-23  o2-pods
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-25  o2-pods--sluchatka
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Jul-20  odkazy
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  odklad-splatek-2024
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-22  odorik
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-May-01  office2021
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Mar-07  openssl-enc
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2020-Jun-08  openwrt-ipv6
drwxrwxr-x  4 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-23  osobni-skore
drwxrwxr-x  4 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Aug-20  pes
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Jun-26  pic-kulecnik
drwxr-xr-x 32 vlastimil vlastimil   12K 2024-Jul-10  Pictures
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  pigz
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jul-10  ping-test--2024-jul-10
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Mar-23  pracka-romo
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-22  preneseni-win10
drwxrwxr-x 10 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-13  programyburian.cz
drwxrwxr-x  5 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-04  proton
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jul-03  ps4-pro
drwxr-xr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Aug-25  PycharmProjects
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Jul-20  Questions_and_Answers
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  raspberry
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Feb-18  reallysimple-ssl
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Mar-23  recuva
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2022-Dec-23  redshift
drwxrwxr-x  6 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Apr-25  routery
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-14  samoodecet-elektriny
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  sencor-vysavac--reklamace-mall
drwxrwxr-x  9 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-22  servispc-burian
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2023-Jan-03  seznam-firma
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  skylink
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-30  slavia-pojistka
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Feb-27  smaty-sd-karta-rekl
drwx------  6 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jul-04  snap
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Apr-08  ssd-lexar
drwxrwxr-x  4 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jun-24  ssd-prodej
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2021-Dec-10  ssd-vadny
drwxrwxr-x  3 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jul-14  switch-prodej
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-Jun-02  SynologySync
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2024-May-15  szn-profi
drwxrwxr-x  2 vlastimil vlastimil  4,0K 2020-Mar-27  tago
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rsync
Martin Hope
Mathias Sven
Asked: 2024-08-29 21:19:44 +0800 CST
  • 6

Vou ser breve, estou tentando entender melhor os diferentes padrões de interfaces de tipo de armazenamento, mas a saída de smartctlestá me confundindo um pouco. Isso é um problema real no meu sistema (como uma serra em outro post onde algum firmware estava desatualizado) ou estou entendendo mal a saída de smartctl.

Observar:

> sudo smartctl --scan
/dev/sda -d scsi # /dev/sda, SCSI device
/dev/nvme0 -d nvme # /dev/nvme0, NVMe device

Tenho um HDD e um NVMe, mas o HDD não é SCSI até onde eu sei, a menos que seja " Por que meus dispositivos SATA aparecem em /proc/scsi/scsi? ". Mas se for, por que posso usar ambos -d atae -d scsipara obter informações sobre isso:

> sudo smartctl -d ata --info /dev/sda
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.10.5] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Western Digital Scorpio Black (AF)
Device Model:     WDC WD5000BPKT-75PK4T0
Serial Number:    WD-WX11EC114329
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 6ad29b3f3
Firmware Version: 01.01A01
User Capacity:    500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Sizes:     512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate:    7200 rpm
Device is:        In smartctl database 7.3/5387
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS (minor revision not indicated)
SATA Version is:  SATA 2.6, 3.0 Gb/s
Local Time is:    Thu Aug 29 14:09:19 2024 WEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

> sudo smartctl -d scsi --info /dev/sda
smartctl 7.4 2023-08-01 r5530 [x86_64-linux-6.10.5] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-23, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org

User Capacity:        500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Logical block size:   512 bytes
Physical block size:  4096 bytes
LU is fully provisioned
Rotation Rate:        7200 rpm
Logical Unit id:      0x50014ee6ad29b3f3
Serial number:        WD-WX11EC114329
Device type:          disk
Local Time is:        Thu Aug 29 14:09:35 2024 WEST
SMART support is:     Unavailable - device lacks SMART capability.

De acordo com a saída de ambos, ataé claramente o tipo "correto", mas sudo smartctl -d ata --scannão retorna nada (ao contrário de sudo smartctl -d scsi --scan).

Por que parece que posso usar ambos atae scsipara acessar informações, e por que isso é detectado como scsipor --scan?

smartctl
Martin Hope
Manuel Durando
Asked: 2024-08-29 20:38:50 +0800 CST
  • 5

contexto

Normalmente uso o Debian 12 ( bookworm ) com o arquivo .tar do Firefox baixado do site da Mozilla, descompactado e copiado no /opt/firefox/, pois quero uma versão atualizada do Firefox e não ter que depender do Firefox ESR fornecido pelo Debian.

o que eu quero alcançar

Quero tentar usar o repositório de pacotes do Mozilla ( deb https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla main), para que eu possa gerenciar as atualizações do Firefox por meio dele aptou synapticem vez de deixá-lo atualizar automaticamente.

O problema é que firefox-esro pacote está presente nos repositórios Debian stable e Mozilla.

o que eu fiz

Tentei configurar prioridades com fixação , mas não tenho certeza se as configurei corretamente.

Este é meu /etc/apt/source.listarquivo:

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/packages.mozilla.org.gpg] https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla main

(Removi todos os comentários e linhas vazias para mantê-lo curto, a packages.mozilla.org.gpgchave está instalada corretamente /usr/share/keyrings/, apt-get updateo comando funciona corretamente)

E este é meu 99mozillaarquivo que criei em /etc/apt/preferences.d:

# Never prefer packages from the Mozilla repository
Package: *
Pin: origin packages.mozilla.org
Pin-Priority: 1

# Allow upgrading only firefox from Mozilla repository
Package: firefox
Pin: origin packages.mozilla.org
Pin-Priority: 500

A saída do apt-cache policycomando é:

Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
   1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main all Packages
     release o=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,a=mozilla,n=mozilla,l=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,c=main,b=all
     origin packages.mozilla.org
   1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     release o=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,a=mozilla,n=mozilla,l=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,c=main,b=amd64
     origin packages.mozilla.org
 100 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/non-free amd64 Packages
     release o=Debian Backports,a=stable-backports,n=bookworm-backports,l=Debian Backports,c=non-free,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 100 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/contrib amd64 Packages
     release o=Debian Backports,a=stable-backports,n=bookworm-backports,l=Debian Backports,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 100 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/main amd64 Packages
     release o=Debian Backports,a=stable-backports,n=bookworm-backports,l=Debian Backports,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages
     release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/non-free amd64 Packages
     release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=non-free,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/contrib amd64 Packages
     release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages
     release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64
     origin security.debian.org
 500 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/contrib amd64 Packages
     release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin security.debian.org
 500 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=main,b=amd64
     origin security.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages
     release v=12.6,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/non-free amd64 Packages
     release v=12.6,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=non-free,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/contrib amd64 Packages
     release v=12.6,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.6,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
Pinned packages:
     firefox -> 129.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 129.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 129.0~build2 with priority 500
     firefox -> 128.0.3~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 128.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 128.0~build2 with priority 500
     firefox -> 127.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 127.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 127.0~build2 with priority 500
     firefox -> 126.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 126.0~build2 with priority 500
     firefox -> 125.0.3~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 125.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 125.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 124.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 124.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 124.0~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 123.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 123.0~build3 with priority 500
     firefox -> 122.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 122.0~build2 with priority 500

pergunta

A configuração que implementei está correta?

Em particular:

  • Somente o pacote será instalado do repositório Mozilla e não, por exemplo , ?firefoxfirefox-esr
  • O pacote firefoxserá atualizado com o comando future apt-get upgrade?
  • Se tudo estiver correto (sim para ambas as perguntas anteriores), imagino que todas as dependências do firefoxpacote também serão instaladas a partir dos repositórios Debian (se for possível resolvê-las), certo?

Estou pedindo confirmação porque estou preocupado em quebrar minha instalação do Debian . Obrigado.

atualizar

Conforme solicitado, publico a saída para apt policy firefox-esro comando:

firefox-esr:
  Installed: 115.14.0esr-1~deb12u1
  Candidate: 115.14.0esr-1~deb12u1
  Version table:
     128.1.0esr~build2 1
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     128.0esr~build2 1
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
 *** 115.14.0esr-1~deb12u1 500
        500 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     115.12.0esr-1~deb12u1 500
        500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages

E para para apt policy firefox:

firefox:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 129.0.2~build1
  Version table:
     129.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     129.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     129.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     128.0.3~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     128.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     128.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     127.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     127.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     127.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     126.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     126.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     125.0.3~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     125.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     125.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     124.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     124.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     124.0~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     123.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     123.0~build3 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     122.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     122.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
debian
Martin Hope
ncoghlan
Asked: 2024-08-29 12:24:01 +0800 CST
  • 5

Executando o Fedora no WSL2, descobri que a ativação do socket ssh-agentnão funciona corretamente: a primeira solicitação que aciona o início real do serviço falha. Pode ser uma solicitação git fetchor git pullou então uma ssh-addchamada. Isso aparece como um longo tempo limite na chamada do cliente em vez de uma falha imediata.

Como a configuração do systemd contém ambos ssh-agent.socket e ssh-agent.service , tentar desabilitar ssh-agent.sockete habilitar ssh-agent.servicediretamente não funciona, pois apenas reativa a ativação do soquete em vez de configurar o serviço para iniciar automaticamente:

~$ systemctl --user is-enabled ssh-agent.socket
enabled
~$ systemctl --user is-enabled ssh-agent.service
indirect
~$ systemctl --user enable ssh-agent.service
~$ systemctl --user is-enabled ssh-agent.service
indirect
~$ systemctl --user disable ssh-agent.socket
Removed "/home/acoghlan/.config/systemd/user/sockets.target.wants/ssh-agent.socket".
~$ systemctl --user enable ssh-agent.service
Created symlink /home/acoghlan/.config/systemd/user/sockets.target.wants/ssh-agent.socket → /usr/lib/systemd/user/ssh-agent.socket.
windows-subsystem-for-linux
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