Início / unix / Perguntas / 556413
Accepted
Michael A
Asked: 2019-12-10 12:05:16 +0800 CST

Como faço para configurar espelhos em /etc/apt/sources.list com um arquivo pré-seed Debian?

  • 772

Estou construindo uma imagem ISO personalizada do Debian 10 stable ("buster") usando preseeding , e meu preseed.cfgarquivo personalizado funciona perfeitamente, exceto por uma coisa: gostaria de configurar /etc/apt/sources.listcom meus repositórios escolhidos para que eu não precise fazê-lo manualmente toda vez que instalo um novo sistema.

O objetivo é um /etc/apt/sources.listque se pareça com isso (https é uma necessidade aqui):

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian buster main contrib non-free
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian buster main contrib non-free

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian-security/ buster/updates main contrib non-free

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main contrib non-free

Meu preseed.cfgarquivo está assim:

#### Contents of the preconfiguration file (for buster)
### Localization
# Preseeding only locale sets language, country and locale.
d-i debian-installer/locale string en_US

# Keyboard selection.
d-i keyboard-configuration/xkb-keymap select us
# d-i keyboard-configuration/toggle select No toggling

### Network configuration
d-i netcfg/choose_interface select auto
d-i netcfg/get_hostname string unassigned-hostname
d-i netcfg/get_domain string unassigned-domain
d-i netcfg/hostname string vienna1-preseed

d-i netcfg/wireless_wep string

### Mirror settings
d-i mirror/country string manual
d-i mirror/http/hostname string http.us.debian.org
d-i mirror/http/directory string /debian
d-i mirror/http/proxy string

### Account setup
d-i passwd/root-login boolean false

# To create a normal user account.
d-i passwd/user-fullname string theusername
d-i passwd/username string theusername
d-i passwd/user-password-crypted password $6$qVk198UWGPxpW$tzMYxQyiOrI4ClDJdDGALsyYq1j1IbXWbpem3JevFT9Krqdmt4wKdvtiY8ry3PRh277V6GHzSKP3zSI7jt04Y/

### Clock and time zone setup
d-i clock-setup/utc boolean true
d-i time/zone string US/Eastern

d-i clock-setup/ntp boolean true

### Partitioning
d-i partman-auto/method string regular
d-i partman-lvm/device_remove_lvm boolean true
d-i partman-md/device_remove_md boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-lvm/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true
d-i partman-auto/choose_recipe select atomic

d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true

d-i partman-md/confirm boolean true
d-i partman-partitioning/confirm_write_new_label boolean true
d-i partman/choose_partition select finish
d-i partman/confirm boolean true
d-i partman/confirm_nooverwrite boolean true


# https://serverfault.com/a/622818
d-i apt-setup/use_mirror boolean false
d-i apt-setup/cdrom/set-first boolean false
d-i apt-setup/cdrom/set-next boolean false
d-i apt-setup/cdrom/set-failed boolean false

### Base system installation
# Configure APT to not install recommended packages by default. Use of this
# option can result in an incomplete system and should only be used by very
# experienced users.
#d-i base-installer/install-recommends boolean false

### Apt setup
# You can choose to install non-free and contrib software.
d-i apt-setup/non-free boolean true
d-i apt-setup/contrib boolean true

### Package selection
tasksel tasksel/first multiselect standard
d-i pkgsel/upgrade select full-upgrade
popularity-contest popularity-contest/participate boolean false

### Boot loader installation
d-i grub-installer/only_debian boolean true
d-i grub-installer/with_other_os boolean true
d-i grub-installer/bootdev  string default

d-i finish-install/reboot_in_progress note
d-i debian-installer/exit/poweroff boolean true
debian apt

2 respostas

  1. Best Answer

    Os d-i preseed/late_command stringcomandos em preseed.cfgfazem o que você quer. Adicionei um sources.listarquivo personalizado ao iso e copiei-o após a conclusão da instalação. Adicione esses comandos no final do seu arquivo preseed.cfg.

    d-i preseed/late_command string \
cp sources.list /target/etc/apt/sources.list; \
in-target apt-get update; \
in-target apt-get install -y git;

    Os dois últimos comandos demonstram a atualização da lista de pacotes e a instalação de um pacote que não está incluído no cd (git).

    Aqui está como eu construí a imagem iso com o novo preseed.cfge o novo sources.list:

    #!/usr/bin/env bash

# Install dependencies
# sudo apt install isolinux syslinux-utils xorriso

cd ~
mkdir iso
xorriso -osirrox on -indev debian-10.2.0-amd64-netinst.iso -extract / iso/

chmod +w -R iso/install.amd/
gunzip iso/install.amd/initrd.gz
echo preseed.cfg | cpio -H newc -o -A -F iso/install.amd/initrd
echo sources.list | cpio -H newc -o -A -F iso/install.amd/initrd
gzip iso/install.amd/initrd
chmod -w -R iso/install.amd/

cd iso/
chmod +w md5sum.txt
md5sum `find -follow -type f` > md5sum.txt
cd ..

xorriso -as mkisofs -o preseed.iso -isohybrid-mbr /usr/lib/ISOLINUX/isohdpfx.bin -c isolinux/boot.cat -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -no-emul-boot -boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table iso

    Este script assume que você está trabalhando com o Debian 10 stable ("buster") amd64, e que os arquivos preseed.cfge sources.listestão no diretório inicial de qualquer sistema que você esteja usando para construir a iso.

    • 2 
  2. d-i preseed/late_command string \
    echo "{{source1}}" > /target/etc/apt/sources.txt; \
    echo "{{source2}}" >> /target/etc/apt/sources.txt; \
    echo "{{source3}}" >> /target/etc/apt/sources.txt; \
    in-target mv /etc/apt/sources.txt /etc/apt/sources.list; \
    in-target chmod 644 /etc/apt/sources.list; \
    in-target apt update && apt-get dist-upgrade -y; \
    • 0

relate perguntas