Estou executando o Ubuntu MATE 18.04 LTS. Uma ou duas semanas atrás, a ferramenta de atualização de software começou a apresentar a seguinte mensagem:
Nem todas as atualizações podem ser instaladas. Execute uma atualização parcial para instalar o máximo possível de atualizações.
Isso pode ser causado por: [...]
Quando clico em Continuar, ele tenta iniciar uma atualização de distribuição, que cancelei até agora.
Eu habilitei atualizações de distribuição apenas para novas versões LTS (que não devem ser entregues em mais de um ano), portanto, estou me perguntando que tipo de atualização de distribuição está supostamente acontecendo aqui. O atualizador não menciona qual seria a nova distribuição.
O que esta acontecendo aqui? E como posso voltar às atualizações normais do sistema sem correr o risco de corromper nada (ou atualizar para uma distribuição que não queria)?
EDITAR:
Saída de apt update:
Hit:1 http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Hit:2 http://ubuntu.uni-klu.ac.at/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:3 http://ubuntu.uni-klu.ac.at/ubuntu bionic-updates InRelease [88.7 kB]
Hit:4 https://apt.syncthing.net syncthing InRelease
Get:5 http://ubuntu.uni-klu.ac.at/ubuntu bionic-security InRelease [83.2 kB]
Get:6 http://ubuntu.uni-klu.ac.at/ubuntu bionic-updates/main i386 Packages [404 kB]
Get:7 http://ubuntu.uni-klu.ac.at/ubuntu bionic-updates/main amd64 Packages [460 kB]
Get:8 http://ubuntu.uni-klu.ac.at/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe amd64 Packages [595 kB]
Get:9 http://ubuntu.uni-klu.ac.at/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe i386 Packages [589 kB]
Fetched 2,220 kB in 10s (222 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
396 packages can be upgraded. Run 'apt list --upgradable' to see them.
Saída de apt upgrade:
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
geoip-database-extra gir1.2-gmenu-3.0 libaccounts-glib0 libaccounts-qt5-1 libgnome-menu-3-0 libjs-coffeescript libjs-openlayers
libsignon-extension1 libsignon-glib1 libsignon-plugins-common1 libsignon-qt5-1 libudev1:i386 libwireshark10 libwiretap7
libwnck-common libwnck22 libwscodecs1 libwsutil8 python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon.gtk3widgets python-attr python-automat
python-click python-colorama python-constantly python-debian python-defer python-dirspec python-hyperlink python-incremental
python-piston-mini-client python-pyasn1 python-twisted-bin python-xapian python3-blinker python3-jwt python3-oauthlib
python3-piston-mini-client ruby-afm ruby-ascii85 ruby-blankslate ruby-classifier-reborn ruby-coderay ruby-coffee-script
ruby-coffee-script-source ruby-colorator ruby-execjs ruby-fast-stemmer ruby-ffi ruby-hashery ruby-jekyll-coffeescript
ruby-jekyll-feed ruby-jekyll-gist ruby-jekyll-paginate ruby-jekyll-sass-converter ruby-jekyll-watch ruby-json ruby-kramdown
ruby-launchy-shim ruby-liquid ruby-listen ruby-mercenary ruby-mime-types ruby-mime-types-data ruby-multi-json ruby-oj ruby-parslet
ruby-pdf-core ruby-pdf-reader ruby-pg ruby-posix-spawn ruby-prawn ruby-prawn-table ruby-pygments.rb ruby-rb-inotify ruby-rc4
ruby-rdiscount ruby-redcarpet ruby-rouge ruby-safe-yaml ruby-sass ruby-sequel ruby-sequel-pg ruby-stringex ruby-toml ruby-ttfunk
ruby-yajl signon-plugin-oauth2 signon-ui-service signon-ui-x11 signond software-center-aptdaemon-plugins unity-asset-pool
Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following NEW packages will be installed:
bubblewrap libgles1 libmaxminddb0 libqgsttools-p1 libqt5multimedia5-plugins libqt5multimediawidgets5 libwireshark11 libwiretap8
libwscodecs2 libwsutil9 linux-headers-4.15.0-42 linux-headers-4.15.0-42-generic linux-image-4.15.0-42-generic
linux-modules-4.15.0-42-generic linux-modules-extra-4.15.0-42-generic linux-tools-4.15.0-42 linux-tools-4.15.0-42-generic
python3-netifaces
The following packages have been kept back:
libssl-dev libssl1.1 nodejs nodejs-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
apparmor apport apport-gtk apt apt-transport-https apt-utils apturl apturl-common autopoint bind9-host binutils binutils-common
binutils-x86-64-linux-gnu bsdutils chromium-codecs-ffmpeg-extra clamav clamav-base clamav-freshclam clamdscan cpp cpp-7 cups
cups-bsd cups-client cups-common cups-core-drivers cups-daemon cups-ipp-utils cups-ppdc cups-server-common curl desktop-file-utils
distro-info-data dnsutils dpkg dpkg-dev enigmail fdisk firefox firefox-locale-en flashplugin-installer fonts-liberation
fonts-liberation2 fonts-noto-color-emoji fonts-opensymbol friendly-recovery fwupd g++ g++-7 gcc gcc-7 gcc-7-base gcc-8-base
gcc-8-base:i386 gettext gettext-base ghostscript ghostscript-x gir1.2-javascriptcoregtk-4.0 gir1.2-packagekitglib-1.0
gir1.2-snapd-1 gir1.2-totem-1.0 gir1.2-udisks-2.0 gir1.2-webkit2-4.0 git git-gui git-man git-svn gitk gnome-desktop3-data
gnome-settings-daemon-schemas grub-common grub-pc grub-pc-bin grub2-common hwdata imagemagick imagemagick-6-common
imagemagick-6.q16 initramfs-tools initramfs-tools-bin initramfs-tools-core kmod libapparmor-perl libapparmor1 libappstream4
libapt-inst2.0 libapt-pkg5.0 libasan4 libatomic1 libbind9-160 libbinutils libblkid1 libblkid1:i386 libbrotli1 libcc1-0 libcilkrts5
libclamav7 libconfuse-common libconfuse2 libcups2 libcups2:i386 libcupscgi1 libcupsimage2 libcupsmime1 libcupsppdc1
libcurl3-gnutls libcurl4 libdns-export1100 libdns1100 libdpkg-perl libegl1 libfdisk1 libfreerdp-client2-2 libfreerdp2-2 libfwupd2
libgcc-7-dev libgcc1 libgcc1:i386 libgfortran4 libgl1 libgl1:i386 libgles2 libglib2.0-0 libglib2.0-0:i386 libglib2.0-bin
libglib2.0-data libglib2.0-dev libglib2.0-dev-bin libglvnd-core-dev libglvnd-dev libglvnd0 libglvnd0:i386 libglx0 libglx0:i386
libgnome-desktop-3-17 libgomp1 libgs9 libgs9-common libimage-magick-perl libimage-magick-q16-perl libirs160 libisc-export169
libisc169 libisccc160 libisccfg160 libitm1 libjavascriptcoregtk-4.0-18 libkmod2 libkpathsea6 libldap-2.4-2 libldap-common
liblouis-data liblouis14 liblsan0 liblwres160 libmad0 libmagick++-6.q16-7 libmagickcore-6.q16-3 libmagickcore-6.q16-3-extra
libmagickwand-6.q16-3 libmetacity1 libmount1 libmount1:i386 libmpx2 libmspack0 libmysqlclient20 libmysqlclient20:i386
libnautilus-extension1a libnm0 libnss-systemd libobjc4 libopengl0 libpackagekit-glib2-18 libpam-systemd libparted-fs-resize0
libparted2 libperl5.26 libplymouth4 libpoppler-glib8 libpoppler73 libpq-dev libpq5 libptexenc1 libpython2.7 libpython2.7-dev
libpython2.7-minimal libpython2.7-stdlib libpython3-dev libpython3-stdlib libpython3.6 libpython3.6-dev libpython3.6-minimal
libpython3.6-stdlib libquadmath0 libraw16 libreoffice-avmedia-backend-gstreamer libreoffice-base-core libreoffice-calc
libreoffice-common libreoffice-core libreoffice-draw libreoffice-gnome libreoffice-gtk3 libreoffice-help-en-us libreoffice-impress
libreoffice-math libreoffice-ogltrans libreoffice-pdfimport libreoffice-style-galaxy libreoffice-style-human
libreoffice-style-tango libreoffice-writer libruby2.5 libsmartcols1 libsmbclient libsnapd-glib1 libsnmp-base libsnmp30 libssh-4
libssh-gcrypt-4 libssl-doc libssl1.0.0 libssl1.0.0:i386 libstdc++-7-dev libstdc++6 libstdc++6:i386 libsynctex1 libsystemd0
libsystemd0:i386 libtexlua52 libtexluajit2 libtotem0 libtsan0 libubsan0 libudev-dev libudev1 libudev1:i386 libudisks2-0 libuuid1
libuuid1:i386 libvlc-bin libvlc5 libvlccore9 libwavpack1 libwbclient0 libwebkit2gtk-4.0-37 libwinpr2-2 libwireshark-data libwoff1
libxkbcommon-dev libxkbcommon-x11-0 libxkbcommon0 linux-firmware linux-generic linux-headers-generic linux-image-generic
linux-libc-dev linux-tools-common linux-tools-virtual man-db metacity-common module-init-tools mount netplan.io network-manager
networkd-dispatcher nodejs-doc nplan nvidia-prime openjdk-11-jdk openjdk-11-jdk-headless openjdk-11-jre openjdk-11-jre-headless
openjdk-8-jdk openjdk-8-jdk-headless openjdk-8-jre openjdk-8-jre-headless openssh-client openssh-server openssh-sftp-server
openssl packagekit packagekit-tools parted perl perl-base perl-modules-5.26 plymouth plymouth-label plymouth-theme-ubuntu-text
poppler-utils ppp python-apport python-apt python-apt-common python-lxml python-problem-report python-requests python-samba
python2.7 python2.7-dev python2.7-minimal python3 python3-apport python3-apt python3-dev python3-distupgrade python3-distutils
python3-gdbm python3-lib2to3 python3-louis python3-minimal python3-problem-report python3-requests python3-software-properties
python3-tk python3-update-manager python3.6 python3.6-dev python3.6-minimal rfkill ruby2.5 ruby2.5-dev ruby2.5-doc samba-common
samba-common-bin samba-libs secureboot-db shotwell shotwell-common smbclient software-properties-common software-properties-gtk
ssh syncthing systemd systemd-sysv texlive-binaries thunderbird thunderbird-locale-en thunderbird-locale-en-us totem totem-common
totem-plugins tzdata ubuntu-drivers-common ubuntu-keyring ubuntu-mono ubuntu-release-upgrader-core ubuntu-release-upgrader-gtk
udev udisks2 ufraw-batch unattended-upgrades uno-libs3 update-manager update-manager-core update-notifier update-notifier-common
ure usbmuxd util-linux uuid-dev uuid-runtime valgrind virtualbox virtualbox-dkms virtualbox-qt vlc vlc-bin vlc-data vlc-l10n
vlc-plugin-base vlc-plugin-notify vlc-plugin-qt vlc-plugin-samba vlc-plugin-skins2 vlc-plugin-video-output
vlc-plugin-video-splitter vlc-plugin-visualization wavpack wireshark wireshark-common wireshark-qt xdg-utils xserver-common
xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-legacy xul-ext-calendar-timezones xul-ext-gdata-provider xul-ext-lightning
392 upgraded, 18 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 789 MB of archives.
After this operation, 539 MB of additional disk space will be used.
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Graças a esta e a esta resposta, consegui resolver o problema.
Aparentemente, “atualização de distribuição”, conforme mostrado no título da janela, é um nome impróprio. Não há atualização de distribuição acontecendo aqui, apenas uma atualização com algumas dependências de pacote particularmente complexas.
Apenas fazer a atualização parcial, como sugere a primeira resposta, provavelmente teria sido bom e ainda me deixaria na minha distribuição atual, com as atualizações necessárias instaladas.
Optei pela segunda abordagem, executando
sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get upgradeuma vez para instalar todas as atualizações e anotando todos os pacotes marcados como retidos. Para isso, entrei no Synaptic e selecionei cada um para atualização, confirmando as dependências conforme o fazia. Depois de aplicar as alterações e aguardar a conclusão da instalação, não estou mais sendo solicitado a fazer uma atualização parcial.