Início / computer / Perguntas / 1873118
Accepted
addohm
Asked: 2025-01-27 22:39:45 +0800 CST

IP estático resulta em nenhum acesso externo à Internet

  • 772

Aqui está meu esquema: VM > Servidor Unraid > Roteador > Internet

Quando eu permito DHCP, não há problemas. Quando eu alterno para estático, eu obtenho acesso total à intranet local, mas nenhum acesso à internet. Aqui estão algumas imagens mostrando o DHCP ifconfig, ip a, ip route, e ip neigh.

DHCP

addohm@cdc:~$ ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever 
2: ens2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
        link/ether 52:54:00:94:04:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
        altname enp0s2
        inet 192.168.1.198/24 metric 100 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global dynamic ens2
           valid_lft 43110sec preferred_lft 43110sec
        inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe94:462/64 scope link 
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

addohm@cdc:~$ ifconfig
    ens2: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
            inet 192.168.1.198  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
            inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe94:462  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
            ether 52:54:00:94:04:62  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
            RX packets 114  bytes 8804 (8.8 KB)
            RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
            TX packets 20  bytes 1988 (1.9 KB)
            TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 84  bytes 6352 (6.3 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 84  bytes 6352 (6.3 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

addohm@cdc:~$ ip route
default via 192.168.1.1 dev ens2 proto dhcp src 192.168.1.198 metric 100 
192.168.1.0/24 dev ens2 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.198 metric 100 
192.168.1.1 dev ens2 proto dhcp scope link src 192.168.1.198 metric 100

addohm@cdc:~$ ip neigh
192.168.1.1 dev ens2 lladdr 6c:99:61:d9:a6:ea STALE

addohm@cdc:~$ netstat nr
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 ens2
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 ens2
192.168.1.1     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH        0 0          0 ens2

ESTÁTICO

addohm@cdc:~$ ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host noprefixroute 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: ens2: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 52:54:00:94:04:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    altname enp0s2
    inet 192.168.1.137/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global ens2
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe94:462/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

addohm@cdc:~$ ifconfig
ens2: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.1.137  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.1.255
        inet6 fe80::5054:ff:fe94:462  prefixlen 64  scopeid 0x20<link>
        ether 52:54:00:94:04:62  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 632  bytes 54651 (54.6 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 766  bytes 64930 (64.9 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 865  bytes 69275 (69.2 KB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 865  bytes 69275 (69.2 KB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

addohm@cdc:~$ ip route
default via 192.168.1.254 dev ens2 proto static 
192.168.1.0/24 dev ens2 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.137

addohm@cdc:~$ ip neigh
192.168.1.136 dev ens2 lladdr 1c:98:ec:0f:c4:30 REACHABLE 
192.168.1.254 dev ens2 INCOMPLETE

addohm@cdc:~$ netstat -nr
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags   MSS Window  irtt Iface
0.0.0.0         192.168.1.254   0.0.0.0         UG        0 0          0 ens2
192.168.1.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U         0 0          0 ens2

Aqui está minha configuração (/etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml):

network:
  version: 2
  ethernets:
    ens2:
      dhcp4: false
      dhcp6: true
      addresses:
      - 192.168.1.137/24
      routes:
      - to: default
        via: 192.168.1.254
      nameservers:
        addresses: [8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4]

O que estou perdendo aqui? Tudo para mim parece ser o mesmo, mas obviamente algo está impedindo o acesso externo.

Aqui está um ping para os servidores de nomes do Google:

PING 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8) 56(84) bytes of data.
From 192.168.1.137 icmp_seq=1 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.1.137 icmp_seq=2 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.1.137 icmp_seq=3 Destination Host Unreachable
From 192.168.1.137 icmp_seq=4 Destination Host Unreachable

Aqui está um traceroute para os servidores de nomes do Google:

traceroute to 8.8.8.8 (8.8.8.8), 64 hops max
  1   192.168.1.137  1407.485ms !H  *  68.629ms !H
networking

1 respostas

  1. Best Answer

    Embora o dhcp estivesse me dizendo que o Gateway era 192.168.1.254, quando mudei para estático, ele na verdade usa 192.168.1.1.

    • 0

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