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PakLui
Asked: 2021-06-02 07:52:07 +0800 CST

分析函数：枚举、排序

  • 772

我通过分析函数添加了 2 列，其中包含以下信息：

  1. 一列 -position- 枚举每个用户的遭遇，按时间顺序排列。

  2. 一列 -cost- 包含为该遭遇创建的不同服务的成本总和。

但我无法解决下一个问题：

  • 对于每个用户，“成本”列没有按时间顺序排序。
  • 在“位置”列，它显示了遭遇的总数，但我希望它是从 1 到总数。

这是用于测试的表格和数据：

CREATE TABLE users (
  user_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
  name CHARACTER VARYING(50)
);

CREATE TABLE orders_catalog (
    order_code INT PRIMARY KEY,
    order_desc CHARACTER VARYING(50) NOT NULL,
    cost REAL NOT NULL
);

CREATE TABLE encounter (
    encounter_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    user_id INT NOT NULL,
    encounter_type CHARACTER VARYING(50) NOT NULL,

    CONSTRAINT FK_encounter FOREIGN KEY (user_id) REFERENCES users(user_id)
);

CREATE TABLE orders (
    order_id INT PRIMARY KEY,
    order_code INT NOT NULL,
    encounter_id INT NOT NULL,
    created_dt TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,

    CONSTRAINT FK_orders_catalog FOREIGN KEY (order_code) REFERENCES orders_catalog (order_code),
    CONSTRAINT FK_orders_encounter FOREIGN KEY (encounter_id) REFERENCES encounter(encounter_id)
);
--

INSERT INTO users(user_id, name) VALUES(1, 'Peter');
INSERT INTO users(user_id, name) VALUES(2, 'Charles');
INSERT INTO users(user_id, name) VALUES(3, 'Eva') ;
INSERT INTO users(user_id, name) VALUES(4, 'John');
INSERT INTO users(user_id, name) VALUES(5, 'Helene');

INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10000, 'Painting', 100.34);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10001, 'Painting', 214.11);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10002, 'Painting', 214.11);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10003, 'Spare part', 181.03);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10004, 'Sheet metal', 168.18);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10005, 'Sheet metal', 240.02);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10006, 'Sheet metal', 240.02);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10007, 'Electricity', 146.85);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10008, 'Spare part', 162.13);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10009, 'Electricity', 140.02);
INSERT INTO orders_catalog(order_code, order_desc, cost) VALUES (10010, 'Electricity', 180.02);

INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(100,1,'appointment');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(101,2,'appointment');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(102,3,'appointment');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(103,4,'urgent');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(104,5,'urgent');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(105,1,'appointment');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(106,2,'appointment');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(107,3,'waiting');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(108,4,'urgent');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(109,5,'waiting');
INSERT INTO encounter(encounter_id, user_id, encounter_type) VALUES(110,1,'waiting');

INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1000,10000,100,'2009-06-16 09:12');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1001,10001,101,'2009-06-16 09:12');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1002,10002,102,'2009-06-16 09:12');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1003,10003,103,'2009-12-03 09:50');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1004,10004,104,'2010-02-24 12:21');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1005,10005,105,'2010-03-27 23:54');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1006,10006,106,'2010-03-22 12:43');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1007,10007,107,'2010-02-24 12:21');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1008,10008,108,'2010-03-04 08:55');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1009,10009,109,'2010-03-06 09:25');
INSERT INTO orders(order_id, order_code, encounter_id, created_dt) VALUES (1010,10010,110,'2010-03-22 11:18');

这是我尝试过的查询：

SELECT
  u.user_id,
  name,
  COUNT (e.encounter_type) OVER (
    PARTITION BY u.user_id
  ) AS position,
  SUM (c.cost) OVER (
    PARTITION BY o.encounter_id ORDER BY o.created_dt DESC
  ) AS cost
FROM
  users u
INNER JOIN
  encounter e USING (user_id)
INNER JOIN
  orders o USING (encounter_id)
INNER JOIN
  orders_catalog c USING (order_code)
ORDER BY user_id;

但输出不是我所期望的：

1   "Peter" 3   180.02
1   "Peter" 3   240.02
1   "Peter" 3   100.34
2   "Charles"   2   240.02
2   "Charles"   2   214.11
3   "Eva"   2   214.11
3   "Eva"   2   146.85
4   "John"  2   181.03
4   "John"  2   162.13
5   "Helene"    2   168.18
5   "Helene"    2   140.02

因为我想要类似的东西：

1   "Peter" 1   100.34
1   "Peter" 2   240.02
1   "Peter" 3   180.02
...

小提琴

postgresql

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    ROW_NUMBER 是你想要的更好的选择

    SELECT
  u.user_id,
  name,
  ROW_NUMBER() OVER (
    PARTITION BY u.user_id
  ) AS position,
  SUM (c.cost) OVER (
    PARTITION BY o.encounter_id ORDER BY o.created_dt DESC
  ) AS cost
FROM
  users u
INNER JOIN
  encounter e USING (user_id)
INNER JOIN
  orders o USING (encounter_id)
INNER JOIN
  orders_catalog c USING (order_code)
ORDER BY user_id;

    用户 ID | 姓名 | 职位 | 成本  
------: | :-------- | --------: | :-----
      1 | 彼得 | 1 | 180.02
      1 | 彼得 | 2 | 240.02
      1 | 彼得 | 3 | 100.34
      2 | 查尔斯 | 1 | 240.02
      2 | 查尔斯 | 2 | 214.11
      3 | 伊娃 | 1 | 214.11
      3 | 伊娃 | 2 | 146.85
      4 | 约翰 | 1 | 181.03
      4 | 约翰 | 2 | 162.13
      5 | 海伦 | 1 | 168.18
      5 | 海伦 | 2 | 140.02

    db<>在这里摆弄

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