Oracle 中的数据库备份 - 导出数据库还是使用其他工具？

Question

estonolose

Asked: 2020-11-02 05:08:26 +0800 CST2020-11-02 05:08:26 +0800 CST 2020-11-02 05:08:26 +0800 CST

重复执行过程中出现错误“RMAN-04006：来自辅助数据库的错误”

772

我正在尝试使用重复命令创建备用数据库。

Primary : tntdb19
Standby : mntdb19

重复命令开始但在一段时间后失败

[oracle@monta191 admin]$ rman target sys/manager@tntdb19  auxiliary sys/manager@mntdb19

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Nov 1 13:24:19 2020
Version 19.7.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: TNTDB19 (DBID=2747252158)
connected to auxiliary database: TNTDB19 (not mounted)

RMAN> duplicate target database for standby from active database nofilenamecheck;

Starting Duplicate Db at 01-NOV-20
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=25 device type=DISK
...
contents of Memory Script:
{
   sql clone "create spfile from memory" ;
   shutdown clone immediate;
   startup clone nomount;
   restore clone from service  'tntdb19' standby controlfile;
}
executing Memory Script

sql statement: create spfile from memory

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 11/01/2020 13:27:12
RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
RMAN-04006: error from auxiliary database: ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor

正如您在开始时看到的那样，rman 毫无问题地连接到主数据库和新备用数据库

connected to target database: TNTDB19 (DBID=2747252158)
connected to auxiliary database: TNTDB19 (not mounted)

但问题是我认为当

   shutdown clone immediate;

作为复制过程的一部分，因为听者在这一刻失去了

Service "mntdb19" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mntdb19", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "mntdb19.vboxlab.es" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mntdb191", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

这是备用机器中的 listener.ora。

[grid@monta191 admin]$ cat listener.oa
cat: listener.oa: No such file or directory
[grid@monta191 admin]$ cat listener.ora
LISTENER=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER))))        # line added by Agent
LISTENER_SCAN3=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN3))))        # line added by Agent
LISTENER_SCAN2=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN2))))        # line added by Agent
LISTENER_SCAN1=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=LISTENER_SCAN1))))        # line added by Agent
ASMNET1LSNR_ASM=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=ASMNET1LSNR_ASM))))      # line added by Agent
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_ASMNET1LSNR_ASM=ON       # line added by Agent
VALID_NODE_CHECKING_REGISTRATION_ASMNET1LSNR_ASM=SUBNET     # line added by Agent
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN1=ON        # line added by Agent
VALID_NODE_CHECKING_REGISTRATION_LISTENER_SCAN1=OFF     # line added by Agent - Disabled by Agent because REMOTE_REGISTRATION_ADDRESS is set
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN2=ON        # line added by Agent
VALID_NODE_CHECKING_REGISTRATION_LISTENER_SCAN2=OFF     # line added by Agent - Disabled by Agent because REMOTE_REGISTRATION_ADDRESS is set
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER_SCAN3=ON        # line added by Agent
VALID_NODE_CHECKING_REGISTRATION_LISTENER_SCAN3=OFF     # line added by Agent - Disabled by Agent because REMOTE_REGISTRATION_ADDRESS is set
ENABLE_GLOBAL_DYNAMIC_ENDPOINT_LISTENER=ON      # line added by Agent
VALID_NODE_CHECKING_REGISTRATION_LISTENER=SUBNET        # line added by Agent

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = mntdb19)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/grid/product/19c/grid_1)
      (SID_NAME = mntdb19)
    )
  )

我认为 SID_LIST_LISTENER 条目如果针对此问题，但它不起作用。

和 tnsnames.ora

[oracle@monta191 admin]$ cat tnsnames.ora 
TNTDB19 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = tanto19-cluster-scan)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = tntdb19.vboxlab.es)
    )
  )

MNTDB19 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = monta19-cluster-scan)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = mntdb19.vboxlab.es)(UR=A)
    )
  )

Balazs 发布后所做的更改

嗨 Balazs，我已经更改了 listener.ora 中的 GLOBAL_DBNAME 和 ORACLE_HOME 条目

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = mntdb19.vboxlab.es)
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u02/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1)
      (SID_NAME = mntdb19)
    )
  )

我为用户网格 (/u01/app/grid/product/19c/grid_1) 和 oracle 用户 (/u02/app/oracle/product/19c/db_1) 提供了不同的主页。在我原来的帖子中，我使用了网格主页，但现在我更改了数据库主页。

服务名称是

NAME                     TYPE    VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
service_names                string  mntdb19.vboxlab.es

有了这 2 个更改，关闭备用数据库时重复的结果仍然是相同的

Oracle instance shut down

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-03002: failure of Duplicate Db command at 11/01/2020 18:55:30
RMAN-05501: aborting duplication of target database
RMAN-03015: error occurred in stored script Memory Script
RMAN-04006: error from auxiliary database: ORA-12514: TNS:listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor

我误会了什么？

问候

1 个回答

Voted

Balazs Papp · Answer 1 · 2020-11-02T05:31:52+08:00

您的 tnsnames.ora 条目：

MNTDB19 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = monta19-cluster-scan)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = mntdb19.vboxlab.es)(UR=A)
    )
  )

您的听众状态：

Service "mntdb19" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mntdb19", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "mntdb19.vboxlab.es" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mntdb191", status BLOCKED, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

作为复制过程的一部分，RMAN 将关闭辅助数据库实例，然后重新启动它。为了启动它，它必须能够通过侦听器登录到已停止的数据库实例。这就是您需要静态侦听器注册的原因。

您的辅助实例处于 NOMOUNT 状态。RMAN 使用 service name 登录到辅助实例mntdb19.vboxlab.es。在 BLOCKED 状态下通过动态注册连接到 NOMOUNT 实例通常是不可能的，但可以UR=A克服tnsnames.ora这个限制。（如果没有这种解决方法，您甚至无法远程登录 NOMOUNT 辅助实例。）接下来 RMAN 会关闭您的辅助实例，然后再次尝试使用服务名称mntdb19.vboxlab.es再次连接。在这一点上，我想这就是你的听众所拥有的：

Service "mntdb19" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "mntdb19", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...

您有服务名称的静态条目mntdb19，仅此而已。不存在的条目mntdb19.vboxlab.es。但是您在 RMAN 使用的 tnsnames.ora 中提供了该服务。

在 tnsnames.ora 中用作服务名称，或者mntdb19修复 listener.ora 中的静态注册以使用正确的服务名称：

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = mntdb19.vboxlab.es)  # <-- added proper service name here
      (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/grid/product/19c/grid_1)
      (SID_NAME = mntdb19)
    )
  )

此外，我认为您的数据库不是从 Grid Infrastructure ORACLE_HOME (/u01/app/grid/product/19c/grid_1) 运行的。上面的ORACLE_HOME应该是数据库ORACLE_HOME。

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