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akkarin
Asked: 2017-10-23 02:34:53 +0800 CST

在 Linux 上设置 Oracle XE

  • 772

我正在尝试在我的 Linux 机器上设置 oracle-xe。我只需要一个环境来玩 Oracle SQL；这不是用于生产。

当我尝试启动 SQLPLUS 时，我不断收到以下错误之一：

ORA-12541: TNS:no listener

ORA-28547: connection to server failed, probable Oracle Net admin error

有很多关于类似问题的帖子，但即使在尝试了许多不同的“解决方案”之后，我仍然迷路了。

我可能做错了一些可怕的事情。请参阅以下输出：

[oracle@roshan ~]$ whoami
oracle
[oracle@roshan ~]$ pwd
/usr/lib/oracle
[oracle@roshan ~]$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/usr/lib/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe
[oracle@roshan ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
PLSExtProc
[oracle@roshan ~]$ cat product/11.2.0/xe/network/admin/tnsnames.ora 
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:

XE =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = XE)
    )
  )

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS_LIST =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC_FOR_XE))
    )
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SID = PLSExtProc)
      (PRESENTATION = RO)
    )
  )

SQL_AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES = (NONE)
[oracle@roshan ~]$ product/11.2.0/xe/bin/lsnrctl start    

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on 22-OCT-2017 12:24:03

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

TNS-01106: Listener using listener name LISTENER has already been started
[oracle@roshan ~]$ product/11.2.0/xe/bin/lsnrctl status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on 22-OCT-2017 12:24:07

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                22-OCT-2017 12:21:18
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 48 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Default Service           XE
Listener Parameter File   /usr/lib/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /usr/lib/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/roshan/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=roshan.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "XE" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "XE", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@roshan ~]$ sqlplus SYSTEM/foobar@localhost:8080/PLSExtProc


SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Oct 22 12:24:14 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-12541: TNS:no listener


Enter user-name: %                                                              [oracle@roshan ~]$ sqlplus SYSTEM/foobar@localhost:1521/PLSExtProc


SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Oct 22 12:24:27 2017

Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ERROR:
ORA-28547: connection to server failed, probable Oracle Net admin error


Enter user-name: %   
[oracle@roshan ~]$ su
Password: 
[root@roshan oracle]# /etc/rc.d/oracle-xe status

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production on 22-OCT-2017 12:32:06

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias                     LISTENER
Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
Start Date                22-OCT-2017 12:21:18
Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 10 min. 47 sec
Trace Level               off
Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP                      OFF
Default Service           XE
Listener Parameter File   /usr/lib/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File         /usr/lib/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/roshan/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC_FOR_XE)))
  (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=roshan.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "XE" has 1 instance(s).
  Instance "XE", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully

这些看起来有什么不对吗？

oracle oracle-11g

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    1) 您应该将 ORACLE_SID 设置为“xe”，而不是“PLSExtProc”。“PLSExtProc”是外部过程的特例。在超过 25 年的时间里，我从来没有理由使用它。

    2) 当你像这样调用 sqlplus 时：

    sqlplus username/password

    您正在调用进程间连接，并绕过所有网络问题，包括侦听器。侦听器仅涉及网络上的请求。

    当你像这样调用 sqlplus 时：

    sqlplus username/password@mydb

    您正在调用网络连接，详细信息可从 tnsnames.ora 文件中的“mydb”条目中解析

    当您像这样调用 sqlplus 时（如@Balazs Papp 所建议）

    sqlplus username/password@localhost:1521:xe

    您正在调用网络连接，但绕过 tnsnames.ora 的使用并直接提供关键信息（主机名、端口、sid）。并不是所有三个元素都必须与“lisnrctl status”报告的内容相匹配。在您的情况下，主机不是“localhost”，而是“roshan.localdomain”。

    您的客户端（sqlplus）和数据库在同一台机器上这一事实并不重要。如果您使用调用网络连接的语法，请求仍会通过所有网络协议。

    您可以在http://edstevensdba.com/category/oracle-tns/和http://edstevensdba.com/category/oracle-listener/阅读更多关于 oracle 如何处理网络连接的信息

    • 2

  2. 侦听器侦听默认端口：1521。您正在尝试使用端口 8080 登录。

    而不是这个：

    sqlplus SYSTEM/foobar@localhost:8080/PLSExtProc

    尝试这个：

    sqlplus SYSTEM/foobar@localhost:1521/XE

    APEX 使用端口 8080，你可以从浏览器登录那里。

    • 1

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