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Accepted
Geoff Dawdy
Asked: 2016-06-08 11:35:02 +0800 CST

错误：“无法删除证书，因为一个或多个实体已使用它进行签名或加密。”

  • 772

我有一个要从数据库中删除的证书。

如果我发出命令

DROP CERTIFICATE <FooCert>

我得到错误

The certificate cannot be dropped because one or more entities are either signed or encrypted using it

根据 Jason Strate 的说法，我应该能够找出证书签名的内容。

以下查询返回 0 行：

SELECT OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(co.major_id) + '.' + OBJECT_NAME(co.major_id)
FROM sys.certificates c 
INNER JOIN sys.crypt_properties co ON c.thumbprint = co.thumbprint
WHERE co.crypt_type_desc = 'SIGNATURE BY CERTIFICATE' 
AND c.name = 'FooCert'

我还尝试根据这个 SO question 将实体解耦。 https://stackoverflow.com/questions/52460/how-do-i-find-and-decouple-entities-from-a-certificate-when-upgrading-ms-sqlserv

如何删除此证书的依赖项以便删除它？

sql-server sql-server-2012

2 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    要查找与证书和非对称密钥相关的项目，请首先尝试在此 DBA.SE 答案中发布的查询：

    查找签名的过程、函数、触发器、程序集以及哪些证书/非对称密钥

    如果这不返回任何对象，请尝试以下查询：

    • 登录
    • 用户
    • 服务代理端点
    • 数据库镜像端点
    • 对称键
    • 数据库加密密钥（用于 TDE）

    请注意，登录是服务器/实例级别，而其他一切都是数据库级别。此外，数据库加密密钥虽然处于数据库级别，但在返回所有数据库数据的 DMV 中报告，因此不会根据“当前”数据库而更改。

    -- Server / Instance Logins (results not sensitive to local / current Database)
;WITH certs_n_keys AS
(
  SELECT 'Certifcate' AS [Type], crts.name, crts.certificate_id AS [cert_or_asymkey_id],
         crts.principal_id, crts.pvt_key_encryption_type_desc, crts.[sid],
         crts.thumbprint
  FROM   [master].sys.certificates crts
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'Asymmetric Key' AS [Type], asym.name, asym.asymmetric_key_id AS
         [cert_or_asymkey_id], asym.principal_id, asym.pvt_key_encryption_type_desc,
         asym.[sid], asym.thumbprint
  FROM   [master].sys.asymmetric_keys asym
)
SELECT cnk.*, '---' AS [---],
       sp.[name] AS [PrincipalName], sp.principal_id, sp.type_desc,
       sp.create_date, sp.modify_date
FROM   certs_n_keys cnk
INNER JOIN sys.server_principals sp
        ON sp.[sid] = cnk.[sid];


-- Database Users
;WITH certs_n_keys AS
(
  SELECT 'Certifcate' AS [Type], crts.name, crts.certificate_id AS [cert_or_asymkey_id],
         crts.principal_id, crts.pvt_key_encryption_type_desc, crts.[sid],
         crts.thumbprint
  FROM   sys.certificates crts
  UNION ALL
  SELECT 'Asymmetric Key' AS [Type], asym.name, asym.asymmetric_key_id AS
         [cert_or_asymkey_id], asym.principal_id, asym.pvt_key_encryption_type_desc,
         asym.[sid], asym.thumbprint
  FROM   sys.asymmetric_keys asym
)
SELECT cnk.*, '---' AS [---],
       dp.[name] AS [PrincipalName], dp.principal_id, dp.type_desc,
       dp.create_date, dp.modify_date
FROM   certs_n_keys cnk
INNER JOIN sys.database_principals dp
        ON dp.[sid] = cnk.[sid];


-- Service Broker Endpoints
SELECT crts.name, crts.certificate_id, crts.principal_id,
       crts.pvt_key_encryption_type_desc, crts.[sid], crts.thumbprint, '---' AS [---],
       endpts.*
FROM   sys.certificates crts
INNER JOIN sys.service_broker_endpoints endpts
        ON endpts.certificate_id = crts.certificate_id;


-- Database Mirroring Endpoints
SELECT crts.name, crts.certificate_id, crts.principal_id,
       crts.pvt_key_encryption_type_desc, crts.[sid], crts.thumbprint, '---' AS [---],
       endpts.*
FROM   sys.certificates crts
INNER JOIN sys.database_mirroring_endpoints endpts
        ON endpts.certificate_id = crts.certificate_id;


-- Symmetric Keys (scroll results to the right to see Key name)
SELECT crts.name, crts.certificate_id, crts.principal_id,
       crts.pvt_key_encryption_type_desc, crts.[sid], crts.thumbprint, '---' AS [---],
       ncrptns.*, '---' AS [---], symkys.*
FROM   sys.certificates crts
INNER JOIN sys.key_encryptions ncrptns
        ON ncrptns.[thumbprint] = crts.[thumbprint]
INNER JOIN sys.symmetric_keys symkys
        ON symkys.[symmetric_key_id] = ncrptns.[key_id];


-- Database Encryption Keys (for TDE; results not sensitive to local / current Database)
SELECT crts.name, crts.certificate_id, crts.principal_id,
       crts.pvt_key_encryption_type_desc, crts.[sid], crts.thumbprint, '---' AS [---],
       DB_NAME(dbkeys.[database_id]) AS [DatabaseName], dbkeys.*
FROM   [master].sys.certificates crts
INNER JOIN sys.dm_database_encryption_keys dbkeys
        ON dbkeys.[encryptor_thumbprint] = crts.[thumbprint];
    • 6

  2. 遇到了类似的问题，对我来说，这个查询帮助我找到了签名的对象：

    SELECT OBJECT_SCHEMA_NAME(co.major_id) + '.' + OBJECT_NAME(co.major_id), c.name 
FROM sys.certificates c 
INNER JOIN sys.crypt_properties co ON c.thumbprint = co.thumbprint
WHERE co.crypt_type_desc = 'SIGNATURE BY CERTIFICATE'

    资源

    然后我只是使用以下命令作为示例，其中dbo.sp_name签名对象和STOREDPROCEDURESIGNINGCERT签名证书。

    DROP SIGNATURE FROM OBJECT::dbo.sp_name BY CERTIFICATE STOREDPROCEDURESIGNINGCERT
    • 1

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