主页 / computer / 问题 / 1474254
Accepted
Eduardo Lucio
Asked: 2019-08-23 12:17:27 +0800 CST

firewall-cmd - 添加转发端口不起作用

  • 772

我有一个带有多个虚拟机（来宾）的 KVM 服务器（主机）。

我的目标是我的主机将端口 222 转发到运行 ssh 服务的来宾的端口 22。

这有效...

iptables -I OUTPUT -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I FORWARD -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I INPUT -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -d 0.0.0.0/0 -p tcp --dport 222 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.1.0.9:22

这行不通...

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter OUTPUT 0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter FORWARD 0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter INPUT 0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --direct --add-rule ipv4 nat PREROUTING 0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -p tcp --dport 222 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.1.0.9:22
firewall-cmd --reload

这也行不通...

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-forward-port=port=222:proto=tcp:toport=22:toaddr=10.1.0.9
firewall-cmd --reload

问题：为什么设置的规则firewall-cmd不起作用？

注一：这firewall-cmd是CentOS 7默认的防火墙服务。这在我看来是一个无解的问题！我搜索了很多很多论坛，但没有任何效果！我开始相信这是一个限制或错误firewall-cmd......

注二：我知道它ssh本身提供了使这成为可能的方法，但我真的希望这个过程对用户直接访问来宾是“透明的”。

[参考： https : //serverfault.com/q/915257/276753，https : //serverfault.com/q/980223/276753，https : //sebastianblade.com/how-to-modify-ssh-port- in-centos7/， https://www.rootusers.com/how-to-use-firewalld-rich-rules-and-zones-for-filtering-and-nat/， https://www.centos.org/论坛/viewtopic.php?f=50&t=71454 ]

症状：

命令...

ssh root@[HOST_IP] -p 222

...返回以下错误...

ssh：连接到主机 172.16.13.8 端口 222：连接被拒绝

更新一：

@mwfearnley iptables-保存输出...

iptables-save -工作...

[root@localhost ~]# iptables-save
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [1:70]
:INPUT ACCEPT [1:70]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [2:146]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [3:206]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:POST_public - [0:0]
:POST_public_allow - [0:0]
:POST_public_deny - [0:0]
:POST_public_log - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -p tcp -m tcp --dport 222 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.1.0.9:22
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 -d 224.0.0.0/24 -j RETURN
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 -d 255.255.255.255/32 -j RETURN
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -p tcp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -p udp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -o ens33 -g POST_public
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -o br0 -g POST_public
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -g POST_public
-A POST_public -j POST_public_log
-A POST_public -j POST_public_deny
-A POST_public -j POST_public_allow
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
*mangle
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [672:77587]
:INPUT ACCEPT [610:68993]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [58:7886]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [655:151604]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [713:159490]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
*security
:INPUT ACCEPT [609:68793]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [58:7886]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [660:152010]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
*raw
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [672:77587]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [655:151604]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD_IN_ZONES - [0:0]
:FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:FORWARD_OUT_ZONES - [0:0]
:FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:FWDI_public - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_allow - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_deny - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_log - [0:0]
:FWDO_public - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_allow - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_deny - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_log - [0:0]
:INPUT_ZONES - [0:0]
:INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:IN_public - [0:0]
:IN_public_allow - [0:0]
:IN_public_deny - [0:0]
:IN_public_log - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A INPUT -j INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE
-A INPUT -j INPUT_ZONES
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -d 10.1.0.0/24 -o virbr0 -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -s 10.1.0.0/24 -i virbr0 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i virbr0 -o virbr0 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -o virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A FORWARD -i virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_IN_ZONES
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_OUT_ZONES
-A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A OUTPUT -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -o virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 68 -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -i ens33 -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -i br0 -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -o ens33 -g FWDO_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -o br0 -g FWDO_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -g FWDO_public
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_log
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_deny
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_allow
-A FWDI_public -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_log
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_deny
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_allow
-A INPUT_ZONES -i ens33 -g IN_public
-A INPUT_ZONES -i br0 -g IN_public
-A INPUT_ZONES -g IN_public
-A IN_public -j IN_public_log
-A IN_public -j IN_public_deny
-A IN_public -j IN_public_allow
-A IN_public -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A IN_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:17 2019

iptables-save -不工作......

[root@localhost ~]# iptables-save
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [1:72]
:INPUT ACCEPT [1:72]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [5:371]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [5:371]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:POST_public - [0:0]
:POST_public_allow - [0:0]
:POST_public_deny - [0:0]
:POST_public_log - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 -d 224.0.0.0/24 -j RETURN
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 -d 255.255.255.255/32 -j RETURN
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -p tcp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -p udp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -o ens33 -g POST_public
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -o br0 -g POST_public
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -g POST_public
-A POST_public -j POST_public_log
-A POST_public -j POST_public_deny
-A POST_public -j POST_public_allow
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_direct -p tcp -m tcp --dport 222 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.1.0.9:22
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
*mangle
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [12:1319]
:INPUT ACCEPT [11:1259]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [1:60]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [12:1070]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [12:1070]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
*security
:INPUT ACCEPT [11:1259]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [12:1070]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
*raw
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [12:1319]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [12:1070]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD_IN_ZONES - [0:0]
:FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:FORWARD_OUT_ZONES - [0:0]
:FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:FWDI_public - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_allow - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_deny - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_log - [0:0]
:FWDO_public - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_allow - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_deny - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_log - [0:0]
:INPUT_ZONES - [0:0]
:INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:IN_public - [0:0]
:IN_public_allow - [0:0]
:IN_public_deny - [0:0]
:IN_public_log - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A INPUT -j INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE
-A INPUT -j INPUT_ZONES
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -d 10.1.0.0/24 -o virbr0 -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -s 10.1.0.0/24 -i virbr0 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i virbr0 -o virbr0 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -o virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A FORWARD -i virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_IN_ZONES
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_OUT_ZONES
-A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A OUTPUT -o virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 68 -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -i ens33 -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -i br0 -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -o ens33 -g FWDO_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -o br0 -g FWDO_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -g FWDO_public
-A FORWARD_direct -j ACCEPT
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_log
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_deny
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_allow
-A FWDI_public -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_log
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_deny
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_allow
-A INPUT_ZONES -i ens33 -g IN_public
-A INPUT_ZONES -i br0 -g IN_public
-A INPUT_ZONES -g IN_public
-A INPUT_direct -j ACCEPT
-A IN_public -j IN_public_log
-A IN_public -j IN_public_deny
-A IN_public -j IN_public_allow
-A IN_public -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A IN_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT_direct -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:16 2019

iptables-save -不要太工作......

[root@localhost ~]# iptables-save
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [5:371]
:INPUT ACCEPT [1:67]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [2:134]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [2:134]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:POST_public - [0:0]
:POST_public_allow - [0:0]
:POST_public_deny - [0:0]
:POST_public_log - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 -d 224.0.0.0/24 -j RETURN
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 -d 255.255.255.255/32 -j RETURN
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -p tcp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -p udp -j MASQUERADE --to-ports 1024-65535
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.1.0.0/24 ! -d 10.1.0.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_ZONES
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -o ens33 -g POST_public
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -o br0 -g POST_public
-A POSTROUTING_ZONES -g POST_public
-A POST_public -j POST_public_log
-A POST_public -j POST_public_deny
-A POST_public -j POST_public_allow
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
-A PRE_public_allow -p tcp -m mark --mark 0x64 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.1.0.9:22
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
*mangle
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [17:1649]
:INPUT ACCEPT [12:1285]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [5:364]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [10:3037]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [14:3341]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:POSTROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A POSTROUTING -j POSTROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
-A PRE_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 222 -j MARK --set-xmark 0x64/0xffffffff
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
*security
:INPUT ACCEPT [12:1285]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [4:304]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [10:3037]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
*raw
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [17:1649]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [10:3037]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:PREROUTING_direct - [0:0]
:PRE_public - [0:0]
:PRE_public_allow - [0:0]
:PRE_public_deny - [0:0]
:PRE_public_log - [0:0]
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_direct
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES_SOURCE
-A PREROUTING -j PREROUTING_ZONES
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i ens33 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -i br0 -g PRE_public
-A PREROUTING_ZONES -g PRE_public
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_log
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_deny
-A PRE_public -j PRE_public_allow
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.21 on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019
*filter
:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [8:2813]
:FORWARD_IN_ZONES - [0:0]
:FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:FORWARD_OUT_ZONES - [0:0]
:FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:FORWARD_direct - [0:0]
:FWDI_public - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_allow - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_deny - [0:0]
:FWDI_public_log - [0:0]
:FWDO_public - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_allow - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_deny - [0:0]
:FWDO_public_log - [0:0]
:INPUT_ZONES - [0:0]
:INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE - [0:0]
:INPUT_direct - [0:0]
:IN_public - [0:0]
:IN_public_allow - [0:0]
:IN_public_deny - [0:0]
:IN_public_log - [0:0]
:OUTPUT_direct - [0:0]
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i virbr0 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 67 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -j INPUT_direct
-A INPUT -j INPUT_ZONES_SOURCE
-A INPUT -j INPUT_ZONES
-A INPUT -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A FORWARD -d 10.1.0.0/24 -o virbr0 -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -s 10.1.0.0/24 -i virbr0 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i virbr0 -o virbr0 -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -o virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A FORWARD -i virbr0 -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable
-A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -i lo -j ACCEPT
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_direct
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_IN_ZONES_SOURCE
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_IN_ZONES
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_OUT_ZONES_SOURCE
-A FORWARD -j FORWARD_OUT_ZONES
-A FORWARD -m conntrack --ctstate INVALID -j DROP
-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited
-A OUTPUT -o virbr0 -p udp -m udp --dport 68 -j ACCEPT
-A OUTPUT -j OUTPUT_direct
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -i ens33 -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -i br0 -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_IN_ZONES -g FWDI_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -o ens33 -g FWDO_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -o br0 -g FWDO_public
-A FORWARD_OUT_ZONES -g FWDO_public
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_log
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_deny
-A FWDI_public -j FWDI_public_allow
-A FWDI_public -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A FWDI_public_allow -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -m mark --mark 0x64 -j ACCEPT
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_log
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_deny
-A FWDO_public -j FWDO_public_allow
-A INPUT_ZONES -i ens33 -g IN_public
-A INPUT_ZONES -i br0 -g IN_public
-A INPUT_ZONES -g IN_public
-A IN_public -j IN_public_log
-A IN_public -j IN_public_deny
-A IN_public -j IN_public_allow
-A IN_public -p icmp -j ACCEPT
-A IN_public_allow -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -m conntrack --ctstate NEW -j ACCEPT
COMMIT
# Completed on Thu Aug 22 11:59:36 2019

更新二：

“works”的 FORWARD 中的第一条规则是 ACCEPT。这允许转发每个数据包。其他人有接受 DNAT 数据包的规则，但在链的后面。所以......如果我们找出为什么这有效......我们也许能够解决问题......

iptables -I FORWARD -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-forward-port=port=222:proto=tcp:toport=22:toaddr=10.1.0.9
firewall-cmd --reload

......为什么这不是......

firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter FORWARD 0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-forward-port=port=222:proto=tcp:toport=22:toaddr=10.1.0.9
firewall-cmd --reload
port-forwarding firewall

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    真正的问题：

    命令...

    firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --direct --add-rule ipv4 filter FORWARD 0 -d 0.0.0.0/0 -j ACCEPT
firewall-cmd --permanent --zone=public --add-forward-port=port=222:proto=tcp:toport=22:toaddr=10.1.0.9
firewall-cmd --reload

    ...在“UPDATE II”中描述的工作与 firewalld（由 CentOS 7 使用）一样好。

    The problem is in the KVM (libvirt) which when starting the "network" virbr0 injects rules (probably via firewalld) which prevents (first match principle) any attempt to port forwarding by conventional ways using firewall-cmd. The KVM injected (libvirt) rules are at the top of FORWARD and POSTROUTING, before regular firewalld ruleset. Since the netfilter operates on first match principle, these rules.

    SOLUTION:

    Due to the problems generated by the rules injected by KVM (libvirt) into the firewall the solution is use a hack/workaround called libvirt-hook-qemu as we explained below...

    Download and install libvirt-hook-qemu...

    yum -y install git-core
cd /usr/local/src
git clone https://github.com/saschpe/libvirt-hook-qemu.git
cd libvirt-hook-qemu
make install
cd ..
rm -rf libvirt-hook-qemu

    List your virtual machines (guests)...

    virsh list --all

    ... and copy the name of the target virtual machine.

    Turn off the virtual machine...

    virsh shutdown "<VM_NAME>" --mode acpi

    Open the file "hooks.json", delete its contents...

    vi /etc/libvirt/hooks/hooks.json

    ... and enter your rules as the template below (other ways of setting up are possible)...

    {
    "<VM_NAME>": {
        "interface": "virbr0",
        "private_ip": "<VM_IP>",
        "port_map": {
            "tcp": [[<PORT_ON_HOST>, <PORT_ON_GUEST>]]
        }
    }
}

    Restart libvirtd...

    systemctl restart libvirtd.service

    ... and start the virtual machine...

    virsh start "<VM_NAME>"

    Done! =D

    FURTHER:

    This KVM (libvirt) behavior - injects rules which prevents any attempt to port forwarding - is IMPOSITIVE, INVASIVE AND UNNECESSARY... First because since there is no port forwarding on the host no virtual machine will be reachable on the default network (virbr0) and second because it forces us to use a hack/workaround (or "gato"/"gambiarra" as we call it in Brazil =D ).

    In our view makes no sense impose the user how he should build his infrastructure or not... This makes no sense! To put it bluntly, we think it would be best if these settings were optional (injects rules...) as other leading hypervisors do. And we go further... If is to KVM (libvirt) controlling this kind of thing then it should also offer ways to map ports to virtual machines.

    The KVM (libvirt) is a GREAT tool, but not all users are willing - for various reasons - to place their machines directly on the host machine's network just as not all users are willing to give up all the flexibility/accessibility that the default network (virbr0) offers.

    Thanks!

    [Refs.: https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=846810 , https://libvirt.org/firewall.html , https://libvirt.org/formatnetwork.html#examplesRoute, https://saschpe.wordpress.com/2014/03/06/dynamic-iptables-port-forwarding-for-nat-ed-libvirt-networks/ , https://serverfault.com/q/170079/276753 , https://serverfault.com/q/915257/276753 , https://wiki.libvirt.org/page/VirtualNetworking#Routed_mode , https://www.centos.org/forums/viewtopic.php?f=50&t=71454&sid=7f5190a29eebbf755235ec3dc404a47f , https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/kvm-forward-ports-to-guests-vm-with-ufw-on-linux/ ]

    UPDATE:

    injects rules which prevents any attempt to port forwarding

    -> The current upstream of KVM (libvirt) has resolved the issue!

    See this: ...current upstream of KVM (libvirt) has resolved the issue...

    • 12

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