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问题[powershell](coding)

Martin Hope
mr_evans2u
Asked: 2025-04-16 22:24:32 +0800 CST
  • 6

我只想验证文件夹 1 中的文件是否也位于文件夹 2 中。我只需要验证文件名。出于测试目的，我知道它们是相同的文件，但我无法得到相同的结果。此外，我需要排除文件夹 1 中的一个 *.txt 文件，我之前也从未成功过，甚至在我的两个示例中都没有包含它。我知道这应该很简单，但我一直很纠结。如果这很重要，我正在测试的 zip 文件名是 N324RA_TEST__20240423221326.zip 和 N335RT_TEST_20250410020632.zip。这些文件肯定在文件夹 1 中，我需要验证它们是否也在文件夹 2 中。如果其中一个或两个不在文件夹 2 中，我需要知道

我尝试过：


$Temp = "C:\MaxTemp\"
$Temp2 = "C:\MaxTemp2\"

$files1 = Get-ChildItem  -Path $Temp -Recurse | Where-Object { ! $_.PSIsContainer }
$files2 = Get-ChildItem  -Path $Temp2 -Recurse | Where-Object { ! $_.PSIsContainer } 
write-host "$files1"
write-host "$files2"

if ($fiiles1 -eq $files2)
{write-host "same"
}
else
{write-host "not same"}

这导致文件不一样。我也试过了，但不管怎样，它找到的文件都是一样的。


$Temp = "C:\MaxTemp\"
$Temp2 = "C:\MaxTemp2\"

$files1 = Get-ChildItem -Path $Temp -Recurse | Where-Object { ! $_.PSIsContainer }
$files2 = Get-ChildItem -Path $Temp2 -Recurse | Where-Object { ! $_.PSIsContainer }

if ($comparison) {
    Write-Host "Differences found:"
    $comparison | ForEach-Object {
        if ($_.SideIndicator -eq "<=") {
            Write-Host "Only in $($Temp): $($_.Name)"
        } 

        }
    } 
  else{ ($_.SideIndicator -eq "==") 
            Write-Host "No differences found. Both folders contain the same files."
        }
powershell
Martin Hope
RustyAndroid
Asked: 2025-04-16 08:32:23 +0800 CST
  • 5

我编写了一个用于重启网络上计算机的脚本。它运行良好，唯一的问题是主机中会弹出错误消息。该脚本会从一个txt文件（$Computers）中提取系统名称列表。我用一个我能访问的系统测试了该脚本，并在列表中添加了单词“wrench”，以模拟一个不在网络上的系统。测试脚本时，它在查找“wrench”时抛出了一条错误消息。以下是我目前脚本实际重启部分的内容：

#Actual restart portion (for privacy reasons, real file path replaced with "file-path")
#Starts by moving most recent log to archive folder
Get-ChildItem -Path "\\file-path\Computer Restarts\Logs" -Recurse -File | Move-Item -Destination "\\file-path\Computer Restarts\Logs\Archive" -Force

     #Determine script location, create new script, get current time and date
     $ScriptDir = Split-Path $script:MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path
     $Log = New-Item "\\file-path\Computer Restarts\Logs\$(Get-Date -f yyyy-MM-dd_hh-mm-ss) Restarts.txt" -ItemType File -Force
     $Date = Get-Date -Format "dd-MMM-yyyy hh:mm:ss"
     $Now = [datetime]::Now

     Clear-Host
     Write-Host `n `n `n
     Write-Host "Rebooting all computers and verifying reboot status..." `n `n
     Write-Host "Please standby, process may take up to 30 minutes..." `n `n

     Restart-Computer -ComputerName $Computers -Wait -For PowerShell -Delay 2 -Force -Timeout 1800 # Restarts all listed systems at once

     "----------------------------------Script executed on $Date----------------------------------" + "`r`n" | Out-File $Log -Append #First thing added to new log

     foreach($Computer in $Computers) #Checks each server to see if it has rebooted. Waits for confirmation before moving to next computer, skips computer if unresponsive after short time.
     {
         $LastBoot = (Get-CimInstance Win32_OperatingSystem -ComputerName $Computer -EA 0).LastBootUpTime
         $PingRequest = Test-Connection -ComputerName $Computer -Count 1 -Quiet

         if(($PingRequest -eq $true) -and ($LastBoot -gt $Now))
         {
             Add-Content -Path $Log -Value "$Computer`: Reboot Successful."
         }
         elseif ($PingRequest -eq $false)
         {
             Add-Content -Path $Log -Value "$Computer`: Computer not detected, please confirm."
         }
         else
         {
             Add-Content -Path $Log -Value "$Computer`: Restart not detected, please restart computer manually. Last detected boot up time is $LastBoot"
         }
     }

“Wrench”不会破坏脚本，据我所知，但我更希望脚本只是悄悄地处理它找不到的系统，只需将其附加到日志中，而不是在主机中抛出错误消息。

powershell
Martin Hope
9072997
Asked: 2025-04-14 22:19:21 +0800 CST
  • 8

PowerShell 支持变量验证脚本。这最常用于验证函数参数，但也可以应用于任何变量。每次变量值发生变化时，这些验证脚本都会运行。

# create a variable with a validation script
[ValidateScript({
    if (-not ($_.Length -in @(8, 16, 24))) {
        Write-Host 'Validate Failed'
        throw "Value '$_' has invalid length: $($_.Length)"
    } else {
        Write-Host 'Validate Success'
    }
    $true
})][System.String]$MyValidatedArg = "a" * 8 # prints "Validate Success"

# Each one of these will trigger the validation script
Write-Host "Several valid assignments..."
$MyValidatedArg = "b" * 8 # prints "Validate Success"
$MyValidatedArg = "b" * 8 # prints "Validate Success"
$MyValidatedArg = "b" * 16 # prints "Validate Success"
$MyValidatedArg = "b" * 24 # prints "Validate Success"

如果我给变量分配一个无效值，它会引发异常

$MyValidatedArg = "foo" # throws an exception

奇怪的是，如果我在赋值过程中重新指定类型约束，就可以绕过验证脚本。我知道“别这么做”是个选择，但我的问题重点是：为什么这样做有效？

[System.String]$MyValidatedArg = "123456789" # works even though this value is invalid

起初我以为这只是一个变量遮蔽的问题。比如，我可能通过再次指定类型约束来创建第二个变量或对象之类的东西。我尝试捕获对该变量的引用，看看该引用是否会保留验证脚本。结果并没有，但我对 PowerShell 的内部机制不太熟悉，无法判断这是否是一个有效的测试。

# create a reference and assign through the reference
Write-Host "Assigning through reference..."
$refToParameter = [ref] $MyValidatedArg
$refToParameter.Value = "c" * 24 # prints "Validate Success"
Write-Host " Read via variable: $MyValidatedArg"
Write-Host " Read via reference: $($refToParameter.Value)"

# the reference and the variable are linked
# Assignments to either trigger the validation script
Write-Host "Assigning through normal variable again..."
$MyValidatedArg = "d" * 24 # prints "Validate Success"
Write-Host " Read via variable: $MyValidatedArg"
Write-Host " Read via reference: $($refToParameter.Value)"

# This works, which is odd
Write-Host "Assigning with [System.String]..."
[System.String]$MyValidatedArg = "123456789" # invalid, nothing printed
Write-Host " No exceptions yet!"

# I thought this was some sort of variable shadowing thing, but the reference shows the new value too
Write-Host "The link between the variable and the reference is still there..."
$MyValidatedArg = "e" * 8 # valid, nothing printed
Write-Host " Read via variable: $MyValidatedArg"
Write-Host " Read via reference: $($refToParameter.Value)"

# and now we appear to have killed the validation script
Write-Host "Regular invalid assignment..."
$MyValidatedArg = "123456789" # invalid, nothing printed
Write-Host " It works now for some reason"
powershell
Martin Hope
aSteve
Asked: 2025-04-10 02:30:58 +0800 CST
  • 8

我有一个旧命令foo，它接受任意多个（同名）输入参数，每个参数都以 为前缀--input。从cmd.exe，我可以运行：

C:\> foo --input "first" --input "second" --input "third" file.dat

并使用三个输入值来处理file.dat。

我正在尝试foo从 Powershell 脚本中调用，在其中我可以计算出一个具有可能等同于这些常量值的值/类型的数组。

$my_args = @(
  "first",
  "second",
  "third"
)

我希望能够调用 foo ，以便--include <value>为 中的每个项目重复参数$my_args。我可以使用：

foo --input $my_args[0] --input $my_args[1] --input $my_args[2] filename.dat

但如果包含的项数不正好是 3，则此方法无效$my_args。有什么简洁的 Powershell 语法可以实现此目的吗？

powershell
Martin Hope
Masterspiece
Asked: 2025-04-09 20:00:25 +0800 CST
  • 4

我有这个配置脚本，它将文件从服务器复制到客户端。此示例包含一个 Access Runtime 应用程序，需要在客户端本地安装。

如果目标文件夹不存在，则会先创建该文件夹，然后将该文件粘贴到该文件夹​​中。

# Install myFolder
$install_Folder = {
    echo 'Creating folder...'
    New-Item -Path "C:\Program Files\" -Name "myProgram" -type directory
    icacls 'C:\Program Files\pzCAFM' /grant:r 'User:(OI)(CI)F'
    echo 'Done.'
}

# Install myFile
$install_File = { 
    echo 'Copying the file to destination...'
    Copy-Item "\\myserver\myshare\Database.accdr" -Destination "C:\Program Files\myprogram\"
    echo 'Done.'
}


# Check if the folder exists and go to install otherwise start deployment
if (Test-Path -Path 'C:\Program Files\myProgram')
{
        echo 'Folder exists. Stopping any open process...'
        if (Get-Process -Name 'MSACCESS'){   
            Stop-Process -Name 'MSACCESS'
            Start-Sleep -Seconds 2 
            Remove-Item -Path 'C:\Program Files\myProgram\Database.laccdr' -Force
            Start-Sleep -Seconds 2
            }
    echo 'Folder exists. Proceed with updating the file' 
    .$install_File
} 

else {
    echo 'Folder not found. Proceed with initial deployment.'
    .$install_myFolder 
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
    .$install_File 
    echo 'Installation complete'
}
powershell
Martin Hope
Roman
Asked: 2025-04-09 04:41:40 +0800 CST
  • 6

此脚本在 Powershell 5.1 中运行正常，但在 7.4.7 中却无法正常工作。在 7 中，它只显示第一个活动的进度指示器，而不显示第二个活动的进度指示器。有人知道该如何修复这个问题吗？还是说这是 pwsh 的一个 bug？

$numOps = 40
$progressPerOp = 100 / $numOps # 100/total number of operations
$progressOpsComplete = 0
for ($i = 1; $i -le $numOps; $i++) {
    $percent = $progressPerOp * $progressOpsComplete
    Write-Progress -Activity "testing progress indicator" -Status "Processing...$percent%" -PercentComplete ($progressPerOp * $progressOpsComplete)
    Start-Sleep -Milliseconds 50
    $progressOpsComplete++
}
$percent = $progressPerOp * $progressOpsComplete
Write-Progress -Activity "testing progress indicator" -Status "Processing...$percent%" -PercentComplete ($progressPerOp * $progressOpsComplete)
Write-Progress -Activity "testing progress indicator" -Completed
write-host "`$progressPerOp:$progressPerOp  `$progressOpsComplete:$progressOpsComplete"
Write-Progress -Activity "waiting 10 seconds" -Status "waiting"
sleep 6
Write-Progress -Activity "waiting 10 seconds" -Completed
powershell
Martin Hope
deetle
Asked: 2025-04-06 04:08:28 +0800 CST
  • 7

清单变量导出

VariablesToExport = @(
        "ERROR_SUCCESS_REBOOT_REQUIRED",
        "ERROR_SUCCESS",
        "ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION",
        "WAIT_TIMEOUT",
        "ERROR_FAIL"
    )

这些变量在 NestedModules 下列出的 PSM1 文件中定义

$ERROR_SUCCESS  = [ordered]@{
    Number         = 0
    String         = '0'  # The thing the CSV interfaces return 
    HexString      = '0x00000000'                  
}

但它们无法从模块加载的地方访问。

powershell
Martin Hope
Kermit67
Asked: 2025-04-04 01:58:48 +0800 CST
  • 7

我尝试创建一个小型 powershell 脚本来重命名babebibobu (ver.2.0).xlsx文件夹和子文件夹中的多个文件。

(ver.X.X)我想从每个文件名中删除。

我尝试了这个：

Get-ChildItem -Path "c:\test" -Recurse -Include "* (ver*.*).*" | 
    Rename-Item -NewName { $_.Name -replace " (ver*.*)","" }

但文件名变成了babebibobu ().xlsx。

powershell
Martin Hope
Gordon
Asked: 2025-04-02 21:14:57 +0800 CST
  • 4

ChatGPT 和 Copilot 都让我失望了。我试图为时间添加填充，以便为整秒提供两位数，为小数提供三位数。因此，给定$time由

$timer = [Stopwatch]::StartNew()
$timer.Stop()
$time = $timer.Elapsed.TotalSeconds

人工智能建议如下

$time = [Math]::Round($time, 3)
$time = "{0:000.000}" -f $time

当我尝试像这样使用结果时间时

"$($time): $function"

小数点左边有一个 0，并且没有添加尾随零。

我（和人工智能）哪里做错了？

powershell
Martin Hope
Ralf_Reddings
Asked: 2025-03-29 08:35:25 +0800 CST
  • 6

假设我有一个myScript.ps1文件，有时需要运行本机命令/二进制文件。其内容是：

set-content -path "c:\temp\test.text" -value "hello world"
. 'C:\temp\myCliTool.exe'

如果我手动在任务计划程序中创建一个任务并将“操作”选项卡设置为

  • 程序/文件"C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe"
  • 论据-NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -command "& {. 'C:\temp\myScript.ps1'}"

ps1 脚本运行良好，test.txt文件已创建。此外，它执行任务所需的本机命令也运行

但是，如果我再次通过任务计划程序但在“操作”选项卡中运行相同的脚本，请稍作更改：

  • 程序/文件"C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe"
  • 论据-NoProfile -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -file 'C:\temp\myScript.ps1'

脚本似乎没有运行。test.txt文件未创建。此外，本机命令也不会运行。

如果我尝试通过其他方式（例如 cmd）运行 pwsh，则不会出现此问题。

我认为任务调度程序在这里有问题。我花了一整天时间修复它的“功能”，例如 Path Env 变量在任务调度程序调用下不可用。试图找出 pwsh-file调用的问题已无济于事，我尝试将 PowerShell 脚本中可能发生的潜在错误重定向到文本文件，但我无法完全弄清楚。

我在使用 pwsh 7.4 和 Windows 11

powershell