无法使用 Selenium WebDriver 关闭网站上的 Cookie 弹出窗口

如您所见，弹出窗口嵌入在<iframe>Selenium 中，必须先将驱动程序的上下文切换到该 iframe，然后才能尝试定位或与其中包含的任何元素进行交互。

等待所需的 iframe 元素可用以切换到它：

iframe = wait.until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'iframe[id^="sp_message_iframe_"]')))

注意：由于idiframe 的属性似乎是动态生成的，因此建议使用部分匹配策略来定位 iframe，例如CSS selector使用XPath函数contains()或部分匹配策略（https://stackoverflow.com/a/56844649/11179336）

您可以这样做：

import time
from selenium.webdriver import Chrome, ChromeOptions
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

chrome_options = ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_experimental_option("excludeSwitches", ['enable-automation'])
driver = Chrome(options=chrome_options)

driver.get("https://www.autotrader.co.uk")
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)

# wait for the target iframe to get loaded in order to switch to it
wait.until(EC.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'iframe[id^="sp_message_iframe_"]')))

# click to 'Reject All'
wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//button[@title="Reject All"]'))).click()


time.sleep(5)

在 Selenium 中使用多个类名时，需要使用 CSS 选择器或 XPath 来代替 By.CLASS_NAME。因此，我在这里使用了：

1. 更改为 By.CSS_SELECTOR，并带有适当的类链（.class1.class2.class3）
2. 添加了 JavaScript 点击执行（对于某些元素更可靠）
3. 添加了适当的错误处理
4. 由于我们使用了 WebDriverWait，因此删除了多余的 time.sleep(5)

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait as wait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

path_to_driver = r"C:\path_to_project\chromedriver.exe"
service = Service(executable_path=path_to_driver)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)

try:
    driver.get("https://www.autotrader.co.uk")
    
    # Use CSS selector with chained class names
    reject_button = wait(driver, 15).until(
        EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, 'button.message-component.message-button.no-children.focusable.sp_choice_type_13'))
    )
    
    # Scroll into view and click using JavaScript
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].scrollIntoView(true);", reject_button)
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", reject_button)
    
    print("Cookie popup closed successfully")
    
except Exception as e:
    print(f"Error occurred: {str(e)}")
    
finally:
    time.sleep(5)
    driver.quit()

编辑：

我没有使用XPath，因为如果我在这里（印度）打开网站，就不会弹出Cookie弹窗。请按照我已更正的以下代码操作XPath。检查XPath按钮的 并将其更改为实际的 即可。

import time  # Added missing import
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait as Wait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC

path_to_driver = r"C:\path_to_project\chromedriver.exe"
service = Service(executable_path=path_to_driver)
driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=service)

try:
    driver.get("https://www.autotrader.co.uk")
    
    # Use XPath to target the reject button by text content
    reject_button = Wait(driver, 15).until(
        EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.XPATH, '//button[contains(., "Reject")]'))
    )
    
    # Click using JavaScript executor
    driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", reject_button)
    print("Cookie popup closed successfully")

except Exception as e:
    print(f"Error occurred: {str(e)}")

finally:
    time.sleep(5)
    driver.quit()

如果问题仍然存在，请检查 Cookie 内容是否在 iframe 中。如果是，请进行如下更改：

iframe = Wait(driver, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.TAG_NAME, "iframe")))
driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)