如何从组中的所有主机中提取多个主机变量？

Question

zagpoint

Asked: 2025-04-09 03:07:32 +0800 CST2025-04-09 03:07:32 +0800 CST 2025-04-09 03:07:32 +0800 CST

如何按列表成员的属性进行版本排序

772

我正在尝试按照以下代码示例中的“名称”字段正确排序列表：

---
  - hosts: localhost
    vars:
      hosts:
        - name: host2
          uptime: 1d
        - name: host10
          uptime: 45d
        - name: host1
          uptime: 3m

    tasks:
    - name: version sort host list
      debug:
        #var: hosts | community.general.version_sort
        #var: hosts | dictsort(false, 'value')
        var: hosts | sort(attribute='name')

如您所见，它没有正确排序主机名（host2 应该排在 host10 之前）。我查了一下 version_sort 过滤器，但它不支持按属性排序。我知道如果主机名正确填充，就不会出现这种情况。但事实就是如此。我搜索了一下，没有看到有人问这个问题。还有其他建议吗？

TASK [version sort host list] *************************************
ok: [localhost] => {
    "hosts | sort(attribute='name')": [
        {
            "name": "host1",
            "uptime": "3m"
        },
        {
            "name": "host10",  <-------
            "uptime": "45d"
        },
        {
            "name": "host2",
            "uptime": "1d"
        }
    ]
}

概括：

感谢@Vladimir Botka提供的所有选项！我整合了第三个选项，并制定了以下方案。注意，我更新了字典列表，使其在使用fqdn时稍微复杂一些。但这个方案确实有效：

- hosts: localhost

  vars:
    hosts:
      - {name: host2.example.com, uptime: 1d}
      - {name: host10.example.com, uptime: 45d}
      - {name: host1.example.com, uptime: 3m}
      - {name: host3.example.com, uptime: 3m}
      - {name: host15.example.com, uptime: 45d}
      - {name: host20.example.com, uptime: 45d}
  tasks:
#    - debug:
#        msg: 
#        - "index: {{ hosts | map(attribute='name') | community.general.version_sort }}"
#        - "host_indexed: {{ dict(hosts|json_query('[].[name,@]')) }}"
#        - "solution: {{ (hosts | map(attribute='name') | community.general.version_sort) | map('extract', dict(hosts|json_query('[].[name,@]'))) }}"
    - debug: 
        var: (hosts | map(attribute='name') | community.general.version_sort) | map('extract', dict(hosts|json_query('[].[name,@]')))

结果如下：

PLAY [localhost] *****************************************************************************************************************************************
    
TASK [Gathering Facts] ***********************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [localhost]
    
TASK [debug] *********************************************************************************************************************************************
[WARNING]: Collection community.general does not support Ansible version 2.14.17
ok: [localhost] => {
    "(hosts | map(attribute='name') | community.general.version_sort) | map('extract', dict(hosts|json_query('[].[name,@]')))": [
        {
            "name": "host1.example.com",
            "uptime": "3m"
        },
        {
            "name": "host2.example.com",
            "uptime": "1d"
        },
        {
            "name": "host3.example.com",
            "uptime": "3m"
        },
        {
            "name": "host10.example.com",
            "uptime": "45d"
        },
        {
            "name": "host15.example.com",
            "uptime": "45d"
        },
        {
            "name": "host20.example.com",
            "uptime": "45d"
        }
    ]
}
    
PLAY RECAP ***********************************************************************************************************************************************
localhost                  : ok=2    changed=0    unreachable=0    failed=0    skipped=0    rescued=0    ignored=0

1 个回答

Voted

Vladimir Botka · Answer 1 · 2025-04-09T06:12:17+08:00

还有更多选项：

创建索引。下面的声明会从字符串中删除“host”。请根据您的需求进行调整

  index: "{{ hosts | map(attribute='name')
                   | map('regex_replace', 'host', '')
                   | map('int') }}"

给出

  index: [2, 10, 1]

注意：对于更复杂的模式，请使用 Python 正则表达式。例如，下面的声明给出相同的结果

  regex: '^\D*(\d+)$'
  replace: '\1'
  index: "{{ hosts | map(attribute='name')
                   | map('regex_replace', regex, replace)
                   | map('int') }}"

合并索引

  hosts_indexed: "{{ index | map('community.general.dict_kv', 'index')
                           | zip(hosts)
                           | map('flatten')
                           | map('combine') }}"

给出

  hosts_indexed:
      - {index: 2, name: host2, uptime: 1d}
      - {index: 10, name: host10, uptime: 45d}
      - {index: 1, name: host1, uptime: 3m}

现在，对列表进行排序

  result: "{{ hosts_indexed | sort(attribute='index') }}"

给出

  result:
      - {index: 1, name: host1, uptime: 3m}
      - {index: 2, name: host2, uptime: 1d}
      - {index: 10, name: host10, uptime: 45d}

^{完整测试剧本示例
- hosts: localhost

vars:

hosts:
- {name: host2, uptime: 1d}
- {name: host10, uptime: 45d}
- {name: host1, uptime: 3m}

index: "{{ hosts | map(attribute='name')
| map('regex_replace', 'host', '')
| map('int') }}"
hosts_indexed: "{{ index | map('community.general.dict_kv', 'index')
| zip(hosts)
| map('flatten')
| map('combine') }}"
result: "{{ hosts_indexed | sort(attribute='index') }}"

tasks:

- debug:
var: index | to_yaml

- debug:
var: hosts_indexed | to_yaml

- debug:
var: result | to_yaml}

从索引创建字典

  hosts_indexed: "{{ dict(index | zip(hosts)) }}"

给出

  hosts_indexed:
    1: {name: host1, uptime: 3m}
    2: {name: host2, uptime: 1d}
    10: {name: host10, uptime: 45d}

现在，对字典进行排序

  result: "{{ hosts_indexed | dict2items
                            | sort(attribute='key')
                            | map(attribute='value') }}"

给出相同的结果，但没有属性“索引”

  result:
    - {name: host1, uptime: 3m}
    - {name: host2, uptime: 1d}
    - {name: host10, uptime: 45d}

^{完整测试剧本示例
- hosts: localhost

vars:

hosts:
- {name: host2, uptime: 1d}
- {name: host10, uptime: 45d}
- {name: host1, uptime: 3m}

index: "{{ hosts | map(attribute='name')
| map('regex_replace', 'host', '')
| map('int') }}"
hosts_indexed: "{{ dict(index | zip(hosts)) }}"
result: "{{ hosts_indexed | dict2items
| sort(attribute='key')
| map(attribute='value') }}"

tasks:

- debug:
var: index | to_yaml

- debug:
var: hosts_indexed | to_yaml

- debug:
var: result | to_yaml}

创建自定义过滤器。例如，

shell> cat filter_plugins/my_sort.py 
from distutils.version import LooseVersion


def my_sort(l):
    return sorted(l, key=LooseVersion)


class FilterModule(object):
    def filters(self):
        return {
            'my_sort': my_sort,
            }

用它来对名称进行排序

  index: "{{ hosts | map(attribute='name') | my_sort }}"

给出

  index: [host1, host2, host10]

使用属性“name”作为键

  hosts_indexed: "{{ dict(hosts | json_query('[].[name, @]')) }}"

给出

  hosts_indexed:
    host1: {name: host1, uptime: 3m}
    host10: {name: host10, uptime: 45d}
    host2: {name: host2, uptime: 1d}

现在，使用列表“索引”来提取排序列表

  result: "{{ index | map('extract', hosts_indexed) }}"

给出

  result:
    - {name: host1, uptime: 3m}
    - {name: host2, uptime: 1d}
    - {name: host10, uptime: 45d

^{完整测试剧本示例
- hosts: localhost

vars:

hosts:
- {name: host2, uptime: 1d}
- {name: host10, uptime: 45d}
- {name: host1, uptime: 3m}

index: "{{ hosts | map(attribute='name') | my_sort }}"
hosts_indexed: "{{ dict(hosts | json_query('[].[name, @]')) }}"
result: "{{ index | map('extract', hosts_indexed) }}"

tasks:

- debug:
var: index | to_yaml

- debug:
var: hosts_indexed | to_yaml

- debug:
var: result | to_yaml}

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如何按列表成员的属性进行版本排序

1 个回答

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