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Accepted
Chandima Maduwantha
Asked: 2024-06-10 19:06:59 +0800 CST

使用 pip 安装 scikit-learn 时出错：准备元数据（pyproject.toml）未成功运行

  • 772

我尝试为 django 项目安装 scikit-learn==1.2.2 但出现此错误。

 Collecting scikit-learn==1.2.2
  Using cached scikit-learn-1.2.2.tar.gz (7.3 MB)
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
  Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) ... error
  error: subprocess-exited-with-error

  × Preparing metadata (pyproject.toml) did not run successfully.
  │ exit code: 1
  ╰─> [36 lines of output]
      Partial import of sklearn during the build process.
      Traceback (most recent call last):
        File "D:\Group Project Backend\Prediction\env\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 353, in <module>
          main()
        File "D:\Group Project Backend\Prediction\env\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 335, in main
          json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
                                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "D:\Group Project Backend\Prediction\env\Lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\pyproject_hooks\_in_process\_in_process.py", line 149, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
          return hook(metadata_directory, config_settings)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 366, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
          self.run_setup()
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 487, in run_setup
          super().run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\build_meta.py", line 311, in run_setup
          exec(code, locals())
        File "<string>", line 669, in <module>
        File "<string>", line 663, in setup_package
        File "<string>", line 597, in configure_extension_modules
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-xv622fd3\scikit-learn_6df30b226b524d1caf236a6b94005795\sklearn\_build_utils\__init__.py", line 47, in cythonize_extensions
          basic_check_build()
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-xv622fd3\scikit-learn_6df30b226b524d1caf236a6b94005795\sklearn\_build_utils\pre_build_helpers.py", line 82, in basic_check_build
          compile_test_program(code)
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-install-xv622fd3\scikit-learn_6df30b226b524d1caf236a6b94005795\sklearn\_build_utils\pre_build_helpers.py", line 38, in compile_test_program
          ccompiler.compile(
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 343, in compile
          self.initialize()
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\_distutils\_msvccompiler.py", line 253, in initialize
          vc_env = _get_vc_env(plat_spec)
                   ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 230, in msvc14_get_vc_env
          return _msvc14_get_vc_env(plat_spec)
                 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
        File "C:\Users\ASUS\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-build-env-_ej3exwe\overlay\Lib\site-packages\setuptools\msvc.py", line 187, in _msvc14_get_vc_env
          raise distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError("Unable to find vcvarsall.bat")
      distutils.errors.DistutilsPlatformError: Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 or greater is required. Get it with "Microsoft C++ Build Tools": https://visualstudio.microsoft.com/visual-cpp-build-tools/
      [end of output]

  note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: metadata-generation-failed

× Encountered error while generating package metadata.
╰─> See above for output.

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for details.

`

我在我的 Windows 机器上使用 pyhton 3.12.2。我正在使用 React 和 django 构建职业预测网站。我使用 vscode 作为我的 IDE。我使用 google collab 训练一个模型，它使用 scikit-learn 的 1.2.2 版本。我可以安装其他软件包，如 Django、djangorestframework，但无法安装 scikit-learn。我正在虚拟环境中安装所有内容。

python

3 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    您遇到的问题的原因是，从源代码构建 scikit-learn 包需要 Microsoft Visual C++ 14.0 或更高版本。安装所需的构建工具是解决此问题的第一步。操作方法如下：

    1. 安装 Microsoft C++ 构建工具：链接

    2. 更新 pip 和 setuptool。

      pip 安装--升级 pip setuptools

    3. 安装 scikit-learn

      pip 安装 scikit-learn==1.2.2

    • 0

  2. 第一个为 Python 3.12 提供轮子的版本是 scikit-learn 1.4.0。请参阅https://pypi.org/project/scikit-learn/1.4.0/#files。所以不要使用旧版本，使用较新的版本。要么pip install scikit-learn==1.4.2或者只是pip install scikit-learn最新的（当前为 1.5）。

    版本 1.2.2提供了直至 Python 3.11 的轮子。如果您想使用 1.2.2，请使用较旧的 Python。降级到 Python 3.11。

    • 0

  3. Scikit learn 需要 Microsoft Visual C++ 编译器，因为它包含需要编译的 C/C++ 扩展。

    Scikit-learn 1.2.2 需要 Microsft Visual C++ 14.0 或更高版本

    vsc++/16 在线安装程序：Visual C++ 在线安装程序 16

    离线安装程序：离线安装程序链接

    再次运行命令pip install scikit-learn==1.2.2以重新安装 scikit-learn。

    • 0

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