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SebMa
Asked: 2024-01-18 18:39:25 +0800 CST

如何将 foreach 循环输出重定向到文件？

  • 772

我正在尝试使用以下 powershell 代码将 foreach 循环输出重定向到文件：

PS C:\> foreach ( $dir in "c:\ProgramData", "c:\Program Files", "c:\Program Files (x86)" ) { echo "=> $dir :" ; dir -r -fo $dir 2>$null | % FullName | sls 'exe$' } > C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt

但输出显示在标准输出上，我收到此错误：

> : The term '>' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try again.
At line:1 char:157
+ ... ir :" ; dir -r -fo $dir 2>$null | % FullName | sls 'exe$' } > C:\temp ...
+                                                                 ~
    + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (>:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException


PS C:\> ls C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt
ls : Cannot find path 'C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt' because it does not exist.
At line:1 char:1
+ ls C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt:String) [Get-ChildItem], ItemNotFoundEx
   ception
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PathNotFound,Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands.GetChildItemCommand

PS C:\>

首先，我尝试用>以下方式替换重定向 | Out-File C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt，但这不起作用：

At line:1 char:138
+ ... 6)" ) { dir -r -fo $dir 2>$null | % FullName | sls 'exe$' } | Out-Fil ...
+                                                                 ~
An empty pipe element is not allowed.
    + CategoryInfo          : ParserError: (:) [], ParentContainsErrorRecordException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : EmptyPipeElement



PS C:\>

然后我尝试用（在这里找到>）替换重定向，但这也不起作用： 6>&1 | Out-File C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt

PS C:\> foreach ( $dir in "c:\ProgramData", "c:\Program Files", "c:\Program Files (x86)" ) { echo "=> $dir :" ; dir -r -fo $dir 2>$null | % FullName | sls 'exe$' } 6>&1 | Out-File C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt
......
6>&1 : The term '6>&1' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file, or operable program. Check the spelling of the name, or if a path was included, verify that the path is correct and try
again.
At line:1 char:157
+ ... :" ; dir -r -fo $dir 2>$null | % FullName | sls 'exe$' } 6>&1 | Out-F ...
+                                                              ~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : ObjectNotFound: (6>&1:String) [], CommandNotFoundException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : CommandNotFoundException


PS C:\>

我希望输出位于文件 C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt 内，但该文件甚至没有创建。

powershell

1 个回答

  1. Best Answer

    正如您已经发现的，流程控制语句不能用来代替命令或值表达式 - 但您可以将它们包装在脚本块中，然后重定向调用它的输出：

    & {
  foreach ($dir in "c:\ProgramData", "c:\Program Files", "c:\Program Files (x86)") { 
    echo "=> $dir :" 
    dir -r -fo $dir 2>$null | % FullName | sls 'exe$'
  }
} > C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt

    话虽如此，这里实际上并不需要循环！

    您可以将输入数据直接通过管道传输到Get-ChildItem，发现的文件Get-ChildItem又可以通过管道传输Where-Object到其扩展名进行过滤，此时我们可以FullName使用以下命令从每个结果文件子集中获取属性值ForEach-Object：

    "c:\ProgramData", "c:\Program Files", "c:\Program Files (x86)" |Get-ChildItem -Recurse -File -Force |Where-Object Extension -eq '.exe' |ForEach-Object FullName |Set-Content C:\temp\VDI_Exclustion_List.txt
    • 1

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