Início / unix / Perguntas / 782713
Accepted
Manuel Durando
Asked: 2024-08-29 20:38:50 +0800 CST

Como instalar e atualizar apenas o pacote firefox do repositório Mozilla no Debian, mas manter o firefox-esr do repositório estável do Debian?

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contexto

Normalmente uso o Debian 12 ( bookworm ) com o arquivo .tar do Firefox baixado do site da Mozilla, descompactado e copiado no /opt/firefox/, pois quero uma versão atualizada do Firefox e não ter que depender do Firefox ESR fornecido pelo Debian.

o que eu quero alcançar

Quero tentar usar o repositório de pacotes do Mozilla ( deb https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla main), para que eu possa gerenciar as atualizações do Firefox por meio dele aptou synapticem vez de deixá-lo atualizar automaticamente.

O problema é que firefox-esro pacote está presente nos repositórios Debian stable e Mozilla.

o que eu fiz

Tentei configurar prioridades com fixação , mas não tenho certeza se as configurei corretamente.

Este é meu /etc/apt/source.listarquivo:

deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb https://deb.debian.org/debian/ bookworm-backports main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb [signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/packages.mozilla.org.gpg] https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla main

(Removi todos os comentários e linhas vazias para mantê-lo curto, a packages.mozilla.org.gpgchave está instalada corretamente /usr/share/keyrings/, apt-get updateo comando funciona corretamente)

E este é meu 99mozillaarquivo que criei em /etc/apt/preferences.d:

# Never prefer packages from the Mozilla repository
Package: *
Pin: origin packages.mozilla.org
Pin-Priority: 1

# Allow upgrading only firefox from Mozilla repository
Package: firefox
Pin: origin packages.mozilla.org
Pin-Priority: 500

A saída do apt-cache policycomando é:

Package files:
 100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     release a=now
   1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main all Packages
     release o=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,a=mozilla,n=mozilla,l=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,c=main,b=all
     origin packages.mozilla.org
   1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     release o=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,a=mozilla,n=mozilla,l=namespaces/moz-fx-productdelivery-pr-38b5/repositories/mozilla,c=main,b=amd64
     origin packages.mozilla.org
 100 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/non-free amd64 Packages
     release o=Debian Backports,a=stable-backports,n=bookworm-backports,l=Debian Backports,c=non-free,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 100 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/contrib amd64 Packages
     release o=Debian Backports,a=stable-backports,n=bookworm-backports,l=Debian Backports,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 100 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-backports/main amd64 Packages
     release o=Debian Backports,a=stable-backports,n=bookworm-backports,l=Debian Backports,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages
     release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/non-free amd64 Packages
     release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=non-free,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/contrib amd64 Packages
     release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm-updates/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12-updates,o=Debian,a=stable-updates,n=bookworm-updates,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages
     release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64
     origin security.debian.org
 500 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/contrib amd64 Packages
     release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin security.debian.org
 500 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12,o=Debian,a=stable-security,n=bookworm-security,l=Debian-Security,c=main,b=amd64
     origin security.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/non-free-firmware amd64 Packages
     release v=12.6,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=non-free-firmware,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/non-free amd64 Packages
     release v=12.6,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=non-free,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/contrib amd64 Packages
     release v=12.6,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=contrib,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
 500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages
     release v=12.6,o=Debian,a=stable,n=bookworm,l=Debian,c=main,b=amd64
     origin deb.debian.org
Pinned packages:
     firefox -> 129.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 129.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 129.0~build2 with priority 500
     firefox -> 128.0.3~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 128.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 128.0~build2 with priority 500
     firefox -> 127.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 127.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 127.0~build2 with priority 500
     firefox -> 126.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 126.0~build2 with priority 500
     firefox -> 125.0.3~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 125.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 125.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 124.0.2~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 124.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 124.0~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 123.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 123.0~build3 with priority 500
     firefox -> 122.0.1~build1 with priority 500
     firefox -> 122.0~build2 with priority 500

pergunta

A configuração que implementei está correta?

Em particular:

  • Somente o pacote será instalado do repositório Mozilla e não, por exemplo , ?firefoxfirefox-esr
  • O pacote firefoxserá atualizado com o comando future apt-get upgrade?
  • Se tudo estiver correto (sim para ambas as perguntas anteriores), imagino que todas as dependências do firefoxpacote também serão instaladas a partir dos repositórios Debian (se for possível resolvê-las), certo?

Estou pedindo confirmação porque estou preocupado em quebrar minha instalação do Debian . Obrigado.

atualizar

Conforme solicitado, publico a saída para apt policy firefox-esro comando:

firefox-esr:
  Installed: 115.14.0esr-1~deb12u1
  Candidate: 115.14.0esr-1~deb12u1
  Version table:
     128.1.0esr~build2 1
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     128.0esr~build2 1
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
 *** 115.14.0esr-1~deb12u1 500
        500 http://security.debian.org/debian-security bookworm-security/main amd64 Packages
        100 /var/lib/dpkg/status
     115.12.0esr-1~deb12u1 500
        500 https://deb.debian.org/debian bookworm/main amd64 Packages

E para para apt policy firefox:

firefox:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 129.0.2~build1
  Version table:
     129.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     129.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     129.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     128.0.3~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     128.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     128.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     127.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     127.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     127.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     126.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     126.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     125.0.3~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     125.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     125.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     124.0.2~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     124.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     124.0~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     123.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     123.0~build3 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     122.0.1~build1 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
     122.0~build2 500
          1 https://packages.mozilla.org/apt mozilla/main amd64 Packages
debian

1 respostas

  1. Best Answer

    Sua configuração está correta. apt policymostra prioridade 1 para o repositório Mozilla, exceto para o firefoxpacote que está fixado em 500. Isso é confirmado pela apt policysaída para os pacotes firefoxe firefox-esrindividualmente: o primeiro é selecionado com prioridade 500 em todas as versões (então a versão mais recente vence), o último é selecionado com prioridade 500 apenas nos repositórios Debian.

    • 1

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