Início / unix / Perguntas / 528676
Accepted
LFMekz
Asked: 2019-07-07 04:21:14 +0800 CST

Fazer xxd exibir o deslocamento de byte na coluna superior?

  • 772

Então, estou usando o emacs que possui um modo hexl estupendo para visualizar o deslocamento de bytes em um arquivo diretamente sobre os valores hexadecimais semelhantes a:

87654321  0011 2233 4455 6677 8899 aabb ccdd eeff  0123456789abcdeff             
00000000: 5765 6c63 6f6d 6520 746f 2047 4e55 2045  Welcome to GNU E

Como um fã desta capacidade. Quer saber se esse é um recurso que posso retirar no xxd ou hexdump? Ou se alguém tiver um script awk que faça isso e o mantenha alinhado corretamente

columns hex

1 respostas

  1. Best Answer

    Meu uso favorito de hexdumpé neste formato:

    hexdump -v -e '"%08_ax  "' -e '16/1 "%02X ""  "" "' -e '16/1 "%_p""\n"'

    Isso dá saída semelhante a

    % echo hello there everyone | hexdump -v -e '"%08_ax  "' -e '16/1 "%02X ""  "" "' -e '16/1 "%_p""\n"'
00000000  68 65 6C 6C 6F 20 74 68 65 72 65 20 65 76 65 72   hello there ever
00000010  79 6F 6E 65 0A                                    yone.

    Seria fácil simplesmente colocar um echona frente disso:

    echo hello there everyone | (echo '87654321  00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff   0123456789abcdef' ; hexdump -v -e '"%08_ax  "' -e '16/1 "%02X ""  "" "' -e '16/1 "%_p""\n"')
87654321  00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff   0123456789abcdef
00000000  68 65 6C 6C 6F 20 74 68 65 72 65 20 65 76 65 72   hello there ever
00000010  79 6F 6E 65 0A

    Alternativamente, poderíamos "paginar" a saída; por exemplo, coloque o cabeçalho a cada 16 linhas, com um awkfiltro simples:

    cat x | hexdump -v -e '"%08_ax  "' -e '16/1 "%02X ""  "" "' -e '16/1 "%_p""\n"' | awk '(NR-1)%16 == 0 { print "\n87654321  00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff   0123456789abcdef"} ; { print }' | less

87654321  00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff   0123456789abcdef
00000000  54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 31 0A 54   This is line 1.T
00000010  68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 32 0A 54 68   his is line 2.Th
00000020  69 73 20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 33 0A 54 68 69   is is line 3.Thi
00000030  73 20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 34 0A 54 68 69 73   s is line 4.This
00000040  20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 35 0A 54 68 69 73 20    is line 5.This 
00000050  69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 36 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69   is line 6.This i
00000060  73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 37 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73   s line 7.This is
00000070  20 6C 69 6E 65 20 38 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20    line 8.This is 
00000080  6C 69 6E 65 20 39 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   line 9.This is l
00000090  69 6E 65 20 31 30 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 10.This is l
000000a0  69 6E 65 20 31 31 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 11.This is l
000000b0  69 6E 65 20 31 32 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 12.This is l
000000c0  69 6E 65 20 31 33 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 13.This is l
000000d0  69 6E 65 20 31 34 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 14.This is l
000000e0  69 6E 65 20 31 35 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 15.This is l
000000f0  69 6E 65 20 31 36 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 16.This is l

87654321  00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff   0123456789abcdef
00000100  69 6E 65 20 31 37 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 17.This is l
00000110  69 6E 65 20 31 38 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 18.This is l

    Eu posso querer colocar alguns separadores lá para facilitar a distinção entre o "cabeçalho" e o conteúdo.

    Isso é facilmente transformado em um script:

    % cat hex 
#!/bin/sh

hexdump -v -e '"%08_ax  "' -e '16/1 "%02X ""  "" "' -e '16/1 "%_p""\n"' | awk '(NR-1)%16 == 0 { print "\n87654321  00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff   0123456789abcdef\n========  == == == == == == == == == == == == == == == ==   ================"} ; { print }'

    Agora você pode fazer

    % hex < x

    ou

    % cat x | hex

    E comandos semelhantes.

    87654321  00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff   0123456789abcdef
========  == == == == == == == == == == == == == == == ==   ================
00000000  54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 31 0A 54   This is line 1.T
00000010  68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 32 0A 54 68   his is line 2.Th
00000020  69 73 20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 33 0A 54 68 69   is is line 3.Thi
00000030  73 20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 34 0A 54 68 69 73   s is line 4.This
00000040  20 69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 35 0A 54 68 69 73 20    is line 5.This 
00000050  69 73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 36 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69   is line 6.This i
00000060  73 20 6C 69 6E 65 20 37 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73   s line 7.This is
00000070  20 6C 69 6E 65 20 38 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20    line 8.This is 
00000080  6C 69 6E 65 20 39 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   line 9.This is l
00000090  69 6E 65 20 31 30 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 10.This is l
000000a0  69 6E 65 20 31 31 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 11.This is l
000000b0  69 6E 65 20 31 32 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 12.This is l
000000c0  69 6E 65 20 31 33 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 13.This is l
000000d0  69 6E 65 20 31 34 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 14.This is l
000000e0  69 6E 65 20 31 35 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 15.This is l
000000f0  69 6E 65 20 31 36 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 16.This is l

87654321  00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77 88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff   0123456789abcdef
========  == == == == == == == == == == == == == == == ==   ================
00000100  69 6E 65 20 31 37 0A 54 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 6C   ine 17.This is l
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